scholarly journals The BNL-LANL cathode collaboration: Applying the tools of modern material science to cathode design

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Morgan Smedley ◽  
Nathan Andrew Moody
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Cathode Design ◽  
Modern Material Science

Antimicrobial Activities of Metal Containing Compounds and Hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (45) ◽  
pp. 5881-5891
Author(s):  
Tahseen Kamal ◽  
Sher Bahadar Khan ◽  
Abdullah M. Asiri
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Modern Material Science

Normally, antibiotics are used for the growth inhibition of a variety of pathogens. The ever- increasing resistance of the various disease-causing pathogens to the antibiotics has drawn tremendous attention of researchers to find efficient alternatives. The recent era of modern material science and nanotechnology has made it possible to replace the existing antibiotics up to some extent. Currently, a vast library of materials has been prepared, which shows excellent performance against pathogens. Such materials consist of certain metals. Through this review, we present some notable studies concerning the antimicrobial activities of various metal containing compounds and their mode of action.

scholarly journals Emerging functional materials based on chemically designed molecular recognition

BMC Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xiaohua Tian ◽  
Wenbo He ◽  
Jianwei Li ◽  
Yonghai Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Recognition ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Molecular Assembly ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Chemical Recognition ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Modern Material Science

AbstractThe specific interactions responsible for molecular recognition play a crucial role in the fundamental functions of biological systems. Mimicking these interactions remains one of the overriding challenges for advances in both fundamental research in biochemistry and applications in material science. However, current molecular recognition systems based on host–guest supramolecular chemistry rely on familiar platforms (e.g., cyclodextrins, crown ethers, cucurbiturils, calixarenes, etc.) for orienting functionality. These platforms limit the opportunity for diversification of function, especially considering the vast demands in modern material science. Rational design of novel receptor-like systems for both biological and chemical recognition is important for the development of diverse functional materials. In this review, we focus on recent progress in chemically designed molecular recognition and their applications in material science. After a brief introduction to representative strategies, we describe selected advances in these emerging fields. The developed functional materials with dynamic properties including molecular assembly, enzyme-like and bio-recognition abilities are highlighted. We have also selected materials with dynamic properties in contract to traditional supramolecular host–guest systems. Finally, the current limitations and some future trends of these systems are discussed.

scholarly journals Hyperelastic Bone Involving the Washer Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Jones ◽  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Modern Material Science

The research conducted focuses on 3D printing and its application in medical equipment. A recent breakthrough in modern material science was made with the creation of hyperelastic bone. This exploration looks at how hyperelastic bone is created, the cost comparison to older tools, and the possible design for hyperelastic bone. Detailed calculations and descriptions are also included to explain the reasoning behind the work conducted.

scholarly journals Case Study of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Doping by Carbon Nanotubes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1428
Author(s):  
Pavel Kaspar ◽  
Dinara Sobola ◽  
Klára Částková ◽  
Rashid Dallaev ◽  
Eva Šťastná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Fluoride Fiber ◽  
Fluoride Doping ◽  
Modern Material Science

Modern material science often makes use of polyvinylidene fluoride thin films because of various properties, like a high thermal and chemical stability, or a ferroelectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric activity. Fibers of this polymer material are, on the other hand, much less explored due to various issues presented by the fibrous form. By introducing carbon nanotubes via electrospinning, it is possible to affect the chemical and electrical properties of the resulting composite. In the case of this paper, the focus was on the further improvement of interesting polyvinylidene fluoride properties by incorporating carbon nanotubes, such as changing the concentration of crystalline phases and the resulting increase of the dielectric constant and conductivity. These changes in properties have been explored by several methods that focused on a structural, chemical and electrical point of view. The resulting obtained data have been documented to create a basis for further research and to increase the overall understanding of the properties and usability of polyvinylidene fluoride fiber composites.

scholarly journals Improvement of Pressing Technology of Products from Polytetrafluoroethylene

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-571
Author(s):  
Dmitriy A. Negrov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Friction Units ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Modern Material Science ◽  
Pressing Technology

The development of new methods for obtaining materials with predetermined operational properties that ensure the durability and the wear resistance of friction units is an urgent problem in modern material science. The article considers the effect of ultrasonic pressing modes with simultaneously superimposed low-frequency amplitude modulation on the mechanical and tribotechnical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene. The comparison of the obtained research results of the new technology is carried out with the traditional pressing technology. The results of studies indicated that the technology of ultrasonic pressing with the simultaneous application of low-frequency amplitude modulation makes it possible to increase the mechanical properties of PTFE: the tensile strength by 15 %, elongation by 13 %, the elastic modulus by 8 %, the hardness by 12 %, while the intensity of the mass wear rate is reduced by 40 %, and the coefficient of friction by 27 %

scholarly journals MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENERGY FRACTAL NATURE NEW FRONTIERS

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojislav V. Mitić ◽  
Hans-Jörg Fecht ◽  
Ljubiša M. Kocić
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Brownian Process ◽  
Structure Knowledge ◽  
Modern Material Science

The modern material science faces very important priorities of the future new frontiers which open new directions within higher and deeper structure knowledge even down to nano and due to the lack of energy, towards new and alternative energy sources. For example, in our up to date research we have recognized that BaTiO3 and other ceramics have fractal configuration nature based on three different phenomena. First, ceramic grains have fractal shape looking as a contour in cross section or as a surface. Second, there is the so-called “negative space” made of pores and inter-granular space. Being extremely complex, the pore space plays an important role in microelectronics, micro-capacity, PTC, piezoelectric and other phenomena. Third, there is a Brownian process of fractal motions inside the material during and after sintering in the form of micro-particles flow: ions, atoms and electrons. Here we met an exciting task of the Coble model, with already extended and generalized geometries. These triple factors, in combination, make the microelectronic environment of very peculiar electro-static/dynamic combination. The stress is here set on inter-granular micro-capacity and super micro-capacitors in function of higher energy harvesting and energy storage. An attention is paid to components affecting overall impedances distribution. Con­struc­tive fractal theory allows recognizing micro-capacitors with fractal electrodes. The method is based on the iterative process of interpolation which is compatible with the model of grains itself. Inter-granular permeability is taken as a function of temperature as fundamental thermodynamic parameter.

scholarly journals Protein–Polysaccharide Composite Materials: Fabrication and Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Bealer ◽  
Shola Onissema-Karimu ◽  
Ashley Rivera-Galletti ◽  
Maura Francis ◽  
Jason Wilkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Chemical Fields ◽  
Modern Material Science

Protein–polysaccharide composites have been known to show a wide range of applications in biomedical and green chemical fields. These composites have been fabricated into a variety of forms, such as films, fibers, particles, and gels, dependent upon their specific applications. Post treatments of these composites, such as enhancing chemical and physical changes, have been shown to favorably alter their structure and properties, allowing for specificity of medical treatments. Protein–polysaccharide composite materials introduce many opportunities to improve biological functions and contemporary technological functions. Current applications involving the replication of artificial tissues in tissue regeneration, wound therapy, effective drug delivery systems, and food colloids have benefited from protein–polysaccharide composite materials. Although there is limited research on the development of protein–polysaccharide composites, studies have proven their effectiveness and advantages amongst multiple fields. This review aims to provide insight on the elements of protein–polysaccharide complexes, how they are formed, and how they can be applied in modern material science and engineering.

Application of electron holography to material science studies on magnetic domain states of small particles

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1028-1029
Author(s):  
T. Hirayama ◽  
Q. Ru ◽  
T. Tanji ◽  
A. Tonomura
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Electron Holography ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Carbon

The observation of small magnetic materials is one of the most important applications of electron holography to material science, because interferometry by means of electron holography can directly visualize magnetic flux lines in a very small area. To observe magnetic structures by transmission electron microscopy it is important to control the magnetic field applied to the specimen in order to prevent it from changing its magnetic state. The easiest method is tuming off the objective lens current and focusing with the first intermediate lens. The other method is using a low magnetic-field lens, where the specimen is set above the lens gap.Figure 1 shows an interference micrograph of an isolated particle of barium ferrite on a thin carbon film observed from approximately [111]. A hologram of this particle was recorded by the transmission electron microscope, Hitachi HF-2000, equipped with an electron biprism. The phase distribution of the object electron wave was reconstructed digitally by the Fourier transform method and converted to the interference micrograph Fig 1.

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