scholarly journals Modelling and optimization of land use/land cover change in a developing urban catchment

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2527-2537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Xu ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Junchao He ◽  
Xinxin Ren ◽  
Weijin Xi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
The Impact

The impacts of land use/cover change (LUCC) on hydrological processes and water resources are mainly reflected in changes in runoff and pollutant variations. Low impact development (LID) technology is utilized as an effective strategy to control urban stormwater runoff and pollution in the urban catchment. In this study, the impact of LUCC on runoff and pollutants in an urbanizing catchment of Guang-Ming New District in Shenzhen, China, were quantified using a dynamic rainfall-runoff model with the EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Based on the simulations and observations, the main objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the catchment runoff and pollutant variations with LUCC, (2) to select and optimize the appropriate layout of LID in a planning scenario for reducing the growth of runoff and pollutants under LUCC, (3) to assess the optimal planning schemes for land use/cover. The results showed that compared to 2013, the runoff volume, peak flow and pollution load of suspended solids (SS), and chemical oxygen demand increased by 35.1%, 33.6% and 248.5%, and 54.5% respectively in a traditional planning scenario. The assessment result of optimal planning of land use showed that annual rainfall control of land use for an optimal planning scenario with LID technology was 65%, and SS pollutant load reduction efficiency 65.6%.

Analysis of the impact of low impact development on runoff from a new district in Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1315-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-min Lee ◽  
Kyoung-hak Hyun ◽  
Jong-soo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Peak Runoff ◽  
The Impact

An analysis of the impact of a low impact development (LID) on runoff was performed using a Storm Water Management Model 5 (SWMM5)–LID model. The SWMM5 package has been developed to facilitate the analysis of the hydrologic impacts of LID facilities. Continuous simulation of urban stormwater runoff from the district which included the LID design was conducted. In order to examine the impact of runoff in the LID district the first, second and third highest ranked flood events over the past 38 years were analyzed. The assessment estimated that a LID system under historical storm conditions would reduce peak runoff by approximately 55–66% and runoff volume by approximately 25–121% in comparison with that before the LID design. The impact on runoff was also simulated under 50, 80 and 100 year return period conditions. Under these conditions, the runoff reductions within the district were estimated to be about 6–16% (peak runoff) and 33–37% (runoff volume) in comparison with conditions prior to the LID. It is concluded from these results that LID is worthy of consideration for urban flood control in future development and as part of sewer and stormwater management planning.

scholarly journals Assessment of Rain Garden Effects for the Management of Urban Storm Runoff in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9982
Author(s):  
Linying Zhang ◽  
Zehao Ye ◽  
Shozo Shibata
Keyword(s):  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Storm Runoff ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Rain Gardens ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Runoff Reduction

Storm runoff is a growing concern against a background of increasing urban densification, land-use adaptation and climate change. In this study, a storm water management model was used to analyze the hydrological and water-quality effects of rain gardens (also known as bioretention cells) as nonpoint source control solutions in low-impact development (LID) practices for an urban catchment in the Nakagyo Ward area of Kyoto in Japan. The results of simulations with input involving Chicago hyetographs derived for different rainfall return periods (referred to as 3 a, 5 a, 10 a, 30 a, 50 a and 100 a) indicated the effectiveness of this arrangement, in particular for rainstorm 3 a, which exhibited the maximum contaminant reduction ratio (Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 15.50%, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 16.17%, Total Nitrogen (TN) 17.34%, Total Phosphorus (TP) 19.07%) and a total runoff reduction volume of 46.56 × 106 L. With 5 a, the maximum number of flooding nodes was reduced to 87, demonstrating that rain gardens handle rainfall effectively over a five-year return period. There was a one-minute delay for 100 a, which again indicates that rain gardens support control of urban runoff and mitigate flooding. Such gardens were associated with reduced stormwater hazards and enhanced resistance to short-term rainstorms at the research site, and should be considered for urban planning in Kyoto and other cities all over the world.

scholarly journals Improved Framework for Assessing Vulnerability to Different Types of Urban Floods

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7668
Author(s):  
Quntao Yang ◽  
Shuliang Zhang ◽  
Qiang Dai ◽  
Rui Yao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Network Flow ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Vulnerability Curve ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Vulnerability assessment is an essential tool in mitigating the impact of urban flooding. To date, most flood vulnerability research has focused on one type of flood, such as a pluvial or fluvial flood. However, cities can suffer from urban flooding for several reasons, such as precipitation and river levee overtopping. Therefore, a vulnerability assessment considering different types of floods (pluvial floods, fluvial floods, and compound flooding induced by both rainfall and river overtopping) was conducted in this study. First, a coupled urban flood model, considering both overland and sewer network flow, was developed using the storm water management model (SWMM) and LISFLOOD-FP model to simulate the different types of flood and applied to Lishui, China. Then, the results of the flood modeling were combined with a vulnerability curve to obtain the potential impact of flooding on different land-use classes. The results indicated that different types of floods could have different influence areas and result in various degrees of flood vulnerability for different land-use classes. The results also suggest that urban flood vulnerability can be underestimated due to a lack of consideration of the full flood-induced factors.

Sustainability assessment of crops' production in India: empirical evidence from ARDL-ECM approach

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Rani Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe study aims to evaluate the long- vs short-run relationships between crops' production (output) and crops' significant inputs such as land use, agricultural water use (AWU) and gross irrigated area in India during the period 1981–2018.Design/methodology/approachThe study applied the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to estimate the co-integration among the variables. The study uses the error correction model (ECM), which integrates the short-run dynamics with the long-run equilibrium.FindingsThe ARDL bounds test of co-integration confirms the strong evidence of the long-run relationship among the variables. Empirical results show the positive and significant relationship of crops' production with land use and gross irrigated area. The statistically significant error correction term (ECT) validates the speed of adjustment of the empirical models in the long-run.Research limitations/implicationsThe study suggests that the decision-makers must understand potential trade-offs between human needs and environmental impacts to ensure food for the growing population in India.Originality/valueFor a clear insight into the impact of climate change on crops' production, the current study incorporates the climate variables such as annual rainfall, maximum temperature and minimum temperature. Further, the study considered agro-chemicals, i.e. fertilizers and pesticides, concerning their negative impacts on increased agricultural production and the environment.

scholarly journals A non-stationary model for reconstruction of historical annual runoff on tropical catchments under increasing urbanization (Yaoundé, Cameroon)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Jourdan ◽  
Valérie Borrell-Estupina ◽  
David Sebag ◽  
Jean-Jacques Braun ◽  
Jean-Pierre Bedimo Bedimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Modelling ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Inter-tropical regions are nowadays faced to major land-use changes in data-sparse context leading to difficulties to assess hydrological signatures and their evolution. This work is part of the theme Panta Rhei of the IAHS, and aims to develop a combined approach of data acquisition and a new semi-distributed model taking into account land-use changes to reconstruct and predict annual runoff on an urban catchment. Applications were conducted on the Mefou catchment at Nsimalen (421 km2; Yaoundé, Cameroon) under rapid increase in urbanization since 1960. The data acquisition step combines an historical data processing and a short-term spatially-dense dedicated instrumentation (2017–2018), leading to 12 donor catchments, 6 from historical studies and 6 from the instrumentation presenting various topographic, soil and land-use characteristics. We developed an annual rainfall-runoff model based on mathematical relationships similar to the SCS model. The model needs the definition of a hydrological index I which is time variable and enables to take into account land-use changes and non-stationary relationships between rainfall and runoff. The index I is an empirical indicator defined as a combination of several components such as topography, soil, and land-use. The rules for the construction of I are obtained from data analysis on donor catchments. Then, the model was calibrated on donor catchments. Finally, two applications were conducted on eight target catchments composing the Mefou in order: (i) to study the spatial hydrological functioning and calculate the water balance during the short instrumentation period; (ii) to reconstruct the hydrograph at the Mefou and to simulate the impact of future scenarios of land-use and urbanization. Results show that that the Mfoundi catchment, integrating the three more urbanized sub-catchments, contributes near to 40 % of the Mefou despite covering only 23 % of the basin. The most urbanized sub-catchments present annual runoff coefficient about 0.86 against 0.24 for the most natural sub-catchments. The second result is the reconstruction of historical annual runoff from 1930–2017 with r2 = 0.68, RMSE = 99 mm and a mean absolute normalized error Ē = 14.5 % over the 29 observed years. The reconstruction of the annual runoff at Nsimalen confirms the moderate impact of urbanization on annual runoff before 1980. However, a decrease of about 50 % of the forest cover and an increase from 10 % to 35 % of the urban area between 1980 and 2017 are associated with an increase of 53 % of annual runoff coefficient for the Mefou at Nsimalen (0.44 against 0.29). Application for a fictive plausible scenario of urbanization in 2030 leads to an increase of more than 85 % of the annual runoff in comparison of the values observed in 1980. The coupled experimental-modelling approach proposed herein opens promising perspectives regarding the evaluation of the annual runoff in catchments under changes.

scholarly journals Impact of urbanization on rainfall-runoff processes: case study in the Liangshui River Basin in Beijing, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 373 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongxue Xu ◽  
Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. China is undergoing rapid urbanization during the past decades. For example, the proportion of urban population in Beijing has increased from 57.6 % in 1980 to 86.3 % in 2013. Rapid urbanization has an adverse impact on the urban rainfall-runoff processes, which may result in the increase of urban flood risk. In the present study, the major purpose is to investigate the impact of land use/cover change on hydrological processes. The intensive human activities, such as the increase of impervious area, changes of river network morphology, construction of drainage system and water transfer, were considered in this study. Landsat TM images were adopted to monitor urbanization process based on Urban Land-use Index (ULI). The SWMM model considering different urbanized scenarios and anthropogenic disturbance was developed. The measured streamflow data was used for model calibration and validation. Precipitation with different return periods was taken as model input to analyse the changes of flood characteristics under different urbanized scenarios. The results indicated that SWMM provided a good estimation for storms under different urbanized scenarios. The volume of surface runoff after urbanization was 3.5 times greater than that before urbanization; the coefficient of runoff changed from 0.12 to 0.41, and the ratio of infiltration decreased from 88 to 60 %. After urbanization, the time of overland flow concentration increased while the time of river concentration decreased; the peak time did not show much difference in this study. It was found that the peak flow of 20-year return-period after urbanization is greater than that of 100-year return-period before urbanization. The amplification effect of urbanization on flood is significant, resulting in an increase of the flooding risk. These effects are especially noticeable for extreme precipitation. The results in this study will provide technical support for the planning and management of urban storm water and the evaluation on Low Impact Development (LID) measures.

Cost and benefit analysis of Low Impact Development (LID) for stormwater management in an urban catchment in Norway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-Yu Xu ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽  
Norwegian Research Council

<p><span>There has been a surge of interest in the field of urban flooding in recent years, due to the growth of cities and the increase in frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events. Hydrological modeling is a useful tool to understand urban floods and compare different stormwater management solutions. In this study, we use the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) in an urban catchment, Grefsen in Norway, to analyze the effects of different Low Impact Development (LID) methods to reduce combined sewer overflow (CSO). Additionally, we examine the cost of these solutions and find an optimized solution in terms of maximum effects and minimum cost. The results are useful for decision-makers to achieve sustainable stormwater management. </span></p><p><span> </span></p><p>Acknowledgement<span>:</span></p><p><span>This research is funded by the Norwegian Research Council via the project New Water Ways.</span></p>

Diffuse pollution monitoring and modelling of small urban watershed in Brazil Cerrado

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1912-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Tsuji ◽  
M. E. L. Costa ◽  
S. Koide
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Diffuse Pollution ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Urban Watershed ◽  
Event Mean Concentration ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract The stormwater runoff carries different pollutants that can reduce the quality of receiving waters due to diffuse pollutant loads. This research was aimed at evaluating the concentration of pollutants in stormwater and the application of SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) to an urban catchment in Lake Paranoá watershed to carry out the simulation of flow discharge with the hydraulic model, and subsequently to estimate the loads conveyed to the lake in ordinary events of precipitation. This study was carried out based on rainfall and runoff monitoring during events. It was confirmed that this model's results fit well in simulation of this type of watershed, leading to high value of the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient after calibration but, as expected, precipitation distribution is a very important factor for calibration. Concerning water quality, it was observed that the event mean concentration values of suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand were high, indicating that the diffuse pollution is an important source of pollution of the receiving waters. The monitoring and modelling of stormwater are essential to identify diffuse pollution discharge, in searching for a sustainable solution.

scholarly journals Dimensioning of Required Volumes of Interconnected Detention Tanks Taking into Account the Direction and Speed of Rain Movement

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Starzec ◽  
Józef Dziopak ◽  
Daniel Słyś ◽  
Kamil Pochwat ◽  
Sabina Kordana
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Detention Tank ◽  
Storage Reservoirs ◽  
Terminal Section ◽  
The Impact

This article is aimed at defining the impact of the direction and velocity of waves of rainfall as they pass over interconnected stormwater detention tank systems. The simulations were conducted for a real urban catchment area as part of the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) 5.1 programme. The results permit us to conclude that the direction and velocity of a moving wave of rainfall have a significant influence on the required volumes of interconnected stormwater detention tank systems. By comparing the modelling test results for stationary rainfall and rainfall moving over the urban catchment area, it has been demonstrated that differences in the required volume of the detention tank located at the terminal section of a stormwater drainage system are inversely proportional to the adopted value of the diameter of the outfall channel for upstream storage reservoirs. In extreme cases, the differences may be up to several dozen percentage points. Furthermore, it has been proven that the arrangement of the stormwater detention tanks in relation to one another and the adopted diameter of the outfall channel are key factors in identifying the degree to which the detention tanks are hydraulically dependent on one another.

Modelling Stormwater Quality of an Arid Urban Catchment

2015 ◽  
Vol 735 ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. Hussein ◽  
Shamsuddin Shahid ◽  
K.N. Basim ◽  
Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Pollution Loading ◽  
Stormwater Pollution ◽  
Very High

Understanding quality of stormwater is important for effective urban rainwater treatment planning and management. In this study, the quality of stormwater runoff from an arid urban residential catchment located in the Karbala city of Iraq, draining through stormwater sewers was investigated. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used to estimate the concentrations of pollutants in stormwater and wastewater in the sewer networks. The results showed that the concentrations of the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) increased significantly after rain in the study area. The increase of TSS was very high compared to the BOD5. It is expected that the long-term simulations of stormwater pollution loading will help to compare the benefits of different scenarios of the sewage treatment plan for the reduction of the pollution in the storm discharge area.

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