Analysis of the impact of low impact development on runoff from a new district in Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1315-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-min Lee ◽  
Kyoung-hak Hyun ◽  
Jong-soo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Peak Runoff ◽  
The Impact

An analysis of the impact of a low impact development (LID) on runoff was performed using a Storm Water Management Model 5 (SWMM5)–LID model. The SWMM5 package has been developed to facilitate the analysis of the hydrologic impacts of LID facilities. Continuous simulation of urban stormwater runoff from the district which included the LID design was conducted. In order to examine the impact of runoff in the LID district the first, second and third highest ranked flood events over the past 38 years were analyzed. The assessment estimated that a LID system under historical storm conditions would reduce peak runoff by approximately 55–66% and runoff volume by approximately 25–121% in comparison with that before the LID design. The impact on runoff was also simulated under 50, 80 and 100 year return period conditions. Under these conditions, the runoff reductions within the district were estimated to be about 6–16% (peak runoff) and 33–37% (runoff volume) in comparison with conditions prior to the LID. It is concluded from these results that LID is worthy of consideration for urban flood control in future development and as part of sewer and stormwater management planning.

scholarly journals Simulation of Low Impact Development (LID) Practices and Comparison with Conventional Drainage Solutions

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis M. Kourtis ◽  
Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis ◽  
Evangelos Baltas
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Peak Runoff

The present work aims at quantifying the benefit of Low Impact Development (LID) practices in reducing peak runoff and runoff volume, and at comparing LID practices to conventional stormwater solutions. The hydrologic-hydraulic model used was the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM5.1). The LID practices modeled were: (i) Green roofs; and (ii) Permeable pavements. Each LID was tested independently and compared to two different conventional practices, i.e., sewer enlargement and detention pond design. Results showed that for small storm events LID practices are comparable to conventional measures, in reducing flooding. Overall, smaller storms should be included in the design process.

scholarly journals Modelling and optimization of land use/land cover change in a developing urban catchment

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2527-2537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Xu ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Junchao He ◽  
Xinxin Ren ◽  
Weijin Xi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
The Impact

The impacts of land use/cover change (LUCC) on hydrological processes and water resources are mainly reflected in changes in runoff and pollutant variations. Low impact development (LID) technology is utilized as an effective strategy to control urban stormwater runoff and pollution in the urban catchment. In this study, the impact of LUCC on runoff and pollutants in an urbanizing catchment of Guang-Ming New District in Shenzhen, China, were quantified using a dynamic rainfall-runoff model with the EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Based on the simulations and observations, the main objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the catchment runoff and pollutant variations with LUCC, (2) to select and optimize the appropriate layout of LID in a planning scenario for reducing the growth of runoff and pollutants under LUCC, (3) to assess the optimal planning schemes for land use/cover. The results showed that compared to 2013, the runoff volume, peak flow and pollution load of suspended solids (SS), and chemical oxygen demand increased by 35.1%, 33.6% and 248.5%, and 54.5% respectively in a traditional planning scenario. The assessment result of optimal planning of land use showed that annual rainfall control of land use for an optimal planning scenario with LID technology was 65%, and SS pollutant load reduction efficiency 65.6%.

scholarly journals The Application of Low Impact Development Facility Chain on Storm Rainfall Control: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3375
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Hongliang Xu ◽  
Honglei Liu ◽  
Bin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Rainfall Characteristics ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Peak Runoff

In recent decades, low impact development (LID) has become an increasingly important concern as a state-of-the-art stormwater management mode to treat urban flood, preferable to conventional urban drainage systems. However, the effects of the combined use of different LID facilities on urban flooding have not been fully investigated under different rainfall characteristics. In this study, a residential, neighborhood-scale catchment in Shenzhen City, southern China was selected as a case study, where the effects of four LID techniques (bio-retention, bio-swale, rain garden and pervious pavement) with different connection patterns (cascaded, semi-cascaded and paralleled) on runoff reduction efficiency were analyzed by the storm water management model (SWMM), promoted by the U.S. EPA. Three kinds of designed storm events with different return periods, durations and time-to-peak ratios were forced to simulate the flood for holistic assessment of the LID connection patterns. The effects were measured by the runoff coefficient of the whole storm–runoff process and the peak runoff volume. The results obtained indicate that the cascaded connect LID chain can more effectively reduce the runoff than that in the paralleled connect LID chain under different storms. The performances of the LID chains in modeling flood process in SWMM indicate that the runoff coefficient and the peak runoff volume increase with the increase in the rain return periods and the decrease in rain duration. Additionally, the move backward of the peak rain intensity to the end of the storm event slightly affects the peak runoff volume obviously while gives slight influence on the total runoff volume. This study provides an insight into the performance of LID chain designs under different rainfall characteristics, which is essential for effective urban flood management.

Hydrologic regionalisation impacts on wet-weather control selection

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 485-492
Author(s):  
W.C. Huber ◽  
W.J. Wells ◽  
I.K. Besaw ◽  
M.A. Leisenring
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Drain Time ◽  
Weather Control ◽  
Wet Weather

Continuous simulation is performed using the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to evaluate regional differences around the United States in hydrologic and water quality performance of wet-weather controls. Controls are characterised as being limited by peak inflow rate (i.e. any device with little or no storage, such as screens, filters and some proprietary devices) or by storage capacity (e.g. ponds, tanks). For flow-limited devices, results are presented in the form of percentage of annual runoff volume captured (passing through the device) for a given inflow capacity. For storage-limited devices, results are presented in two forms: percentage of annual runoff volume captured as a function of unit basin size and drawdown (drain) time, and as a percentage of total suspended solids captured, for the same two variables. Regional differences are apparent, driven mainly by variations in rainfall patterns around the country.

scholarly journals Can the implementation of Low Impact Development reduce basin runoff?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Sui ◽  
Frans van de Ven
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Permeable Pavements ◽  
Peak Runoff ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Low impact development (LID) was promoted as an alternative to conventional urban drainage methods. The effects of LID at site or urban scales have been widely evaluated. This project aims to investigate the impact of LID implementation on basin runoff at regional scale in a half urbanized catchment; especially the overlap of urban and rural sub-flows at peak times is concerned. A SUPERFLEX conceptual model framework was adapted as a semi-distributed model to simulate the rainfall-runoff relationship in the catchment for San Antonio, Texas as a case study. Scenario analyses of both urban development and LID implementation were conducted. Results show that (1) the infill urban development strategy benefits more from runoff control than the sprawl urban development strategy; (2) in non-flood season permeable pavements, bioretention cells, and vegetated swales decrease peak runoff forcefully and permeable pavements, bioretention cells, and green roofs are good at runoff volume retention; (3) contrary to the general opinion about the peak reduction effect of LID, for partly urbanized, partly rural basins and extremely wet conditions, the implementation of LID practices delays urban peak runoff and may cause stacking of rural and urban sub-flows, leading to larger basin peaks.

scholarly journals Improved Framework for Assessing Vulnerability to Different Types of Urban Floods

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7668
Author(s):  
Quntao Yang ◽  
Shuliang Zhang ◽  
Qiang Dai ◽  
Rui Yao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Network Flow ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Vulnerability Curve ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Vulnerability assessment is an essential tool in mitigating the impact of urban flooding. To date, most flood vulnerability research has focused on one type of flood, such as a pluvial or fluvial flood. However, cities can suffer from urban flooding for several reasons, such as precipitation and river levee overtopping. Therefore, a vulnerability assessment considering different types of floods (pluvial floods, fluvial floods, and compound flooding induced by both rainfall and river overtopping) was conducted in this study. First, a coupled urban flood model, considering both overland and sewer network flow, was developed using the storm water management model (SWMM) and LISFLOOD-FP model to simulate the different types of flood and applied to Lishui, China. Then, the results of the flood modeling were combined with a vulnerability curve to obtain the potential impact of flooding on different land-use classes. The results indicated that different types of floods could have different influence areas and result in various degrees of flood vulnerability for different land-use classes. The results also suggest that urban flood vulnerability can be underestimated due to a lack of consideration of the full flood-induced factors.

scholarly journals Correlation between LID Flood Control Capability and Runoff Coefficient

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-351
Author(s):  
Yonggil Jeong ◽  
Jongpyo Park ◽  
Hyunsuk Sin
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Control Capability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Short-term heavy rains caused by global warming could lead to urban flooding as well as damage to both people and property. Although Korea is taking active measures to reduce the impact of flood-related disasters through disaster impact assessments, these assessments mainly consist of qualitative evaluation procedures for urban inundation when designating districts for development projects. The recently developed “inundation determination and detention site size calculation program” has made it possible to review urban inundation hydraulic calculations, even when designating districts for development projects. However, there is still a limit to the hydraulic review and the utilization of Low Impact Development (LID) facilities due to the lack of linkage between the use of such facilities and the inundation determination program. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop a technique to utilize runoff coefficients in applying the LID in the flood determination program. Therefore, in this study, the flood control capacity of stormwater runoff reduction facilities at each LID facility was reviewed and the relationship with runoff coefficient was analyzed.

scholarly journals Assessing Hydrological Effects of Bioretention Cells for Urban Stormwater Runoff in Response to Climatic Changes

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Wang ◽  
Dongqing Zhang ◽  
Siwei Lou ◽  
Qinghe Hou ◽  
Yijie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Peak Runoff ◽  
Slight Growth

An investigation into the effectiveness of bioretention cells (BCs) under potential climatic changes was conducted using representative concentration pathways. A case study of Guangzhou showed changes in peak runoff in climate change scenarios, with obvious growth in RCP8.5 and slight growth in RCP2.6. The performance of BCs on multiple parameters, including reduction of runoff volume, peak runoff, and first flush, were examined in different design storms using a hydrology model (SWMM). The effectiveness of BCs varied non-linearly with scale. Their performance fell by varying amounts in the various scenarios. BCs could provide sufficient effects in response to short-return-period and short-duration storms, but the performance of BCs decreased with heavy storms, especially considering climate change. Hence, BCs cannot replace grey infrastructure but should be integrated with them. The method developed in this study could be useful in the planning and design of low impact development in view of future climate changes.

scholarly journals First flush of non-point source pollution and hydrological effects of LID in a Guangzhou community

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajun Zeng ◽  
Guoru Huang ◽  
Haiwan Luo ◽  
Yepeng Mai ◽  
Haichun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
First Flush Effect

Abstract To study the first flush effect of nonpoint source pollution in the Guangzhou community unit, runoff from roads, roofs, and green spaces during three rainfall events was collected and analyzed for pollutants. Nine runoff pollution indices were considered. The dimensionless cumulative curve of pollutant mass vs. volume, the first flush coefficient (b) and the mass first flush ratio (MFFn) were used to assess the first flush effect of different underlying surfaces. The assessment results pointed out that the roof was most prone to first flush effect. And ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus were the main pollutants in the first flush in the study area. For a quantitative analysis of the first flush, the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used to simulate the hydrological effect of low impact development (LID) implementation in the community. The results showed that the first flush strength was reduced after setting LID. And LID measures, such as green roofs and sunken green spaces, contribute to flood control and rainwater purification. This research can be relevant regarding for constructing sponge cities and reducing the pollution caused by the first flush.

scholarly journals The Web-GIS TRIG Eau Platform to Assess Urban Flood Mitigation by Domestic Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Two Residential Settlements in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7241
Author(s):  
Anna Palla ◽  
Ilaria Gnecco
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
The Impact

Urban flooding has become one of the most frequent natural disasters in recent years, and the low-impact development (LID) approach is currently recognised as an alternative to traditional grey infrastructure to mitigate the negative impact of urbanisation on hydrological processes. The main objective of the present research was to develop a web-GIS platform in order to assess the impact of LID systems on mitigating urban flooding and to support their implementation at the urban catchment scale. The TRIG Eau platform, developed in the framework of the homonymous INTERREG MARITTIMO IT-FR project, is configured as a web-GIS application of the stormwater management model (SWMM). Urban flood conditions were examined for two case studies in Liguria and Tuscany (IT), where DRWH systems are proposed as a mitigation strategy. The presented results and their visualisation showcase the potential of the TRIG Eau platform to better support the implementation of LIDs. Findings from the flood analysis confirm that even for the 10-year return period event, DRWHs are effective in reducing network stress by more than 70% in cases of empty tanks, thus underlining the need for RTC technology to pre-empty the system.

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