Factors influencing release of phosphorus from sediments in a high productive polymictic lake system

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1013-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Solim ◽  
A. Wanganeo
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
P Release ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Lake Waters

Phosphorus (P) release rates from bottom sediments are high (20.6 mg/m2/day) in Dal Lake (India), a polymictic hyper-eutrophic lake. These gross release rates occur over a period of 72 days during summer only. Likewise, a net internal load of 11.3 tons was obtained from mass balance estimates. Significant proportion i.e. ∼ 80% of 287.3 tons/yr of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) load is either eliminated by denitrification or gets entrapped for a short period in high macrophyte biomass of 3.2 kg/m2 f.w., which eventually get decomposed and nitrogen (N) is released back. These processes result in low lake water NO3-N concentrations which potentially influence sediment phosphorus (P) release. Especially, nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) <500 μg/L in the lake waters were associated with high P concentrations. Phosphorus was also observed to increase significantly in relation to temperature and pH, and it seems likely that release of phosphorus and ammonical nitrogen (NH4-N) depend on decomposition of rich reserves of organic matter (893 tons d.w. in superficial 10-cm bottom sediment layer). Lake P concentrations were significantly predicted by a multivariate regression model developed for the lake. This study describes significance of various lake water variables in relation to P-release from bottom sediments.

scholarly journals Rates of Ammonium-nitrogen, Nitrate-nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium from Two Controlled-release Fertilizers under Different Substrate Environments

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Broschat
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
P Release ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizers

Five-gram (0.18 oz) samples of two controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs), Osmocote 15N–3.9P–10K (8–9 month) (OSM) and Nutricote 18N–2.6P–6.7K (type 180) (NUTR), were sealed into polypropylene mesh packets that were placed on the surface of a 5 pine bark: 4 sedge peat: 1 sand (by volume) potting substrate (PS), buried 10 cm (3.9 inches) deep below the surface of PS, buried 10 cm below the surface of saturated silica sand (SS), or in a container of deionized water only. Containers with PS received 120 mL (4.1 floz) of deionized water three times per week, but the containers with SS or water only had no drainage and were sealed to prevent evaporation. Samples were removed after 2, 5, or 7 months of incubation at 23 °C (73.4 °F) and fertilizer prills were crushed, extracted with water, and analyzed for ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Release rates of NO3-N were slightly faster than those of NH4-N and both N ions were released from both products much more rapidly than P or K. After 7 months, OSM prills retained only 8% of their NO3-N, 11% of their NH4-N, 25% of their K, and 46% of their P when averaged across all treatments. Nutricote prills retained 21% of their NO3-N, 28% of their NH4-N, 51% of their K, and 65% of their P. Release of all nutrients from both fertilizers was slowest when applied to the surface of PS, while both products released most rapidly in water only. Release rates in water only exceeded those in SS, presumably due to lower rates of mass flow in SS.

scholarly journals Phosphorous Supply to a Eutrophic Artificial Lake: Sedimentary versus Groundwater Sources

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Wiebe Förster ◽  
Jan C. Scholten ◽  
Michael Schubert ◽  
Kay Knoeller ◽  
Nikolaus Classen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Stable Water Isotopes ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Sediment Pore Water ◽  
Mass Balance Models

The eutrophic Lake Eichbaumsee, a ~1 km long and 280 m wide (maximum water depth 16 m) dredging lake southeast of Hamburg (Germany), has been treated for water quality improvements using various techniques (i.e., aeration plants, removal of dissolved phosphorous by aluminum phosphorous precipitation, and by Bentophos® (Phoslock Environmental Technologies, Sydney, Australia), adsorption) during the past ~15 years. Despite these treatments, no long-term improvement of the water quality has been observed and the lake water phosphorous content has continued to increase by e.g., ~670 kg phosphorous between autumn 2014 and autumn 2019. As no creeks or rivers drain into the lake and hydrological groundwater models do not suggest any major groundwater discharge into the lake, sources of phosphorous (and other nutrients) are unknown. We investigated the phosphorous fluxes from sediment pore water and from groundwater in the water body of the lake. Sediment pore water was extracted from sediment cores recovered by divers in August 2018 and February 2019. Diffusive phosphorous fluxes from pore water were calculated based on phosphorus gradients. Stable water isotopes (δ2H, δ18O) were measured in the lake water, in interstitial waters in the banks surrounding the lake, in the Elbe River, and in three groundwater wells close to the lake. Stable isotope (δ2H, δ18O) water mass balance models were used to compute water inflow/outflow to/from the lake. Our results revealed pore-water borne phosphorous fluxes between 0.2 mg/m2/d and 1.9 mg/m2/d. Assuming that the measured phosphorous fluxes are temporarily and spatially representative for the whole lake, about 11 kg/a to 110 kg/a of phosphorous is released from sediments. This amount is lower than the observed lake water phosphorous increase of ~344 kg between April 2018 and November 2018. Water stable isotope (δ2H, δ18O) compositions indicate a water exchange between an aquifer and the lake water. Based on stable isotope mass balances we estimated an inflow of phosphorous from the aquifer to the lake of between ~150 kg/a and ~390 kg/a. This result suggests that groundwater-borne phosphorous is a significant phosphorous source for the Eichbaumsee and highlights the importance of groundwater for lake water phosphorous balances.

Phosphorus release from the bottom sediments of Lake Rusałka (Poznań, Poland)

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kowalczewska-Madura ◽  
Ryszard Gołdyn ◽  
Renata Dondajewska
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Internal Loading ◽  
Release Process

Phosphorus release from the bottom sediments of Lake Rusałka (Poznań, Poland)Experimental research conducted on bottom sediments from the eutrophic Lake Rusałka (Poznań, Poland) indicated that the phosphorus release process has a significant influence on the functioning of the ecosystem. Internal loading was very intense in the deepest part of the lake, where it reached up to 29.84 mg m

scholarly journals Lake water dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics revealed from monthly measurements of radiocarbon in the Fuji Five Lakes, Japan

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ota ◽  
Yusuke Yokoyama ◽  
Yosuke Miyairi ◽  
Shinya Yamamoto ◽  
Toshihiro Miyajima
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Human Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Reservoir Age

Lakes are sensitive recorders of anthropogenic activities, as human society often develops in their vicinity. Lake sediments thus have been widely used to reconstruct the history of environmental changes in the past, anthropogenic, or otherwise, and radiocarbon dating provides chronological control of the samples. However, specific values of radiocarbon in different carbon reservoirs due to the different pathways of radiocarbon from the upper atmosphere to the lake, called the radiocarbon reservoir age, is always difficult to evaluate because of dynamic processes in and around lakes. There are few systematic studies on radiocarbon reservoir ages for lakes owing to the complex radiocarbon transfer processes for lakes. Here, we investigate lake waters of the Fuji Five Lakes with monthly monitoring of the radiocarbon reservoir effects. Radiocarbon from dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for groundwater and river water is also measured, with resulting concentrations (Δ14C) at their lowest at Lake Kawaguchi in August 2018 (–122.4 ± 3.2‰), and at their highest at Lake Motosu in January 2019 (–22.4 ± 2.5‰), despite a distance of 25 km. However, winter values in both lakes show similar trends of rising Δ14C (about 20‰). Our lake water DIC Δ14C results are compared to previously published records obtained from sediments in Lake Motosu and Lake Kawaguchi. These suggest that total organic carbon and compound-specific radiocarbon found in sediments are heavily influenced by summer blooms of aquatic organisms that fix DIC in water. Thus, future studies to conduct similar analyses at the various lakes would be able to provide further insights into the carbon cycle around inland water, namely understanding the nature of radiocarbon reservoir ages.

scholarly journals WATER CLARITY MAPPING IN KERINCI AND TONDANO LAKE WATERS USING LANDSAT 8 DATA

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Trisakti ◽  
Nana Suwargana ◽  
I Made Parsa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lake Waters

Land conversion occurred in the lake catchment area caused the decreasing of water quality in many lakes of Indonesia. According to Lake Ecosystem Management Guidelines from Ministry of Environment, tropic state of lake water is one of parameters for assessing the lake ecosystem status. Tropic state can be indicated by the quantity of nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll, and water clarity. The objective of this research is to develop the water quality algorithm and map the water clarity of lake water using Landsat 8 data. The data were standardized for sun geometry correction and atmospheric correction using Dark Object Subtraction method. In the first step, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) distributions in the lake were calculated using a semi empirical algorithm (Doxaran et al., 2002), which can be applied to a wide range of TSS values. Secchi Disk Transparency (SDT) distributions were calculated using our water clarity algorithm that was obtained from the relationship between TSS and SDT measured directly in the lake waters. The result shows that the water clarity algorithm developed in this research has the determination coefficient that reaches to 0,834. Implementation of the algorithm for Landsat 8 data in 2013 and 2014 showed that the water clarity in Kerinci Lake waters was around 2 m or less, but the water clarity in Tondano Lake waters was around 2 – 3 m. It means that Kerinci Lake waters had lower water clarity than Tondano Lake waters which is consistent with the field measurement results.

Survival of Two Bacterial Fish Pathogens (Aeromonas salmonicida and the Enteric Redmouth Bacterium) in Ozonated, Chlorinated, and Untreated Waters

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Wedemeyer ◽  
Nancy C. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Chlorine Residual ◽  
Lake Waters

Ozone and chlorine inactivation curves were determined in three water types at 20 °C for the destruction of the fish pathogens Aeromonas salmonicida, the etiologic agent of furunculosis, and the enteric redmouth bacterium (ERM). In phosphate-buffered distilled water, 0.01 mg/ℓ ozone inactivated 103 cells/ml of ERM and A. salmonicida in 1/2 and 10 min, respectively. Chlorine at this concentration had little effect on either pathogen and a residual of at least 0.05 mg/ℓ was needed to achieve a complete kill within a 10-min contact time. In soft lake water (30 mg/ℓ as CaCO3) a chlorine residual of 0.1 mg/ℓ rapidly [Formula: see text] inactivated A. salmonicida and ERM but in hard water (120 mg/ℓ) A. salmonicida was more resistant and 0.2 mg/ℓ chlorine was required. Ozonation of the two lake waters at 90 mg O3∙h−1∙ℓ−1 (equivalent to a 0.01 mg/ℓ residual in ozone demand-free water) was required to destroy both pathogens within 10 min.In untreated soft lake water 103 cells/ml of A. salmonicida survived only 2 days, while the ERM bacterium (103 cells/ml) survived even after 20 day s in soft and hard untreated lake waters.

Internal phosphorus loading as the response to complete and then limited sustainable restoration of a shallow lake

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kowalczewska-Madura ◽  
Renata Dondajewska ◽  
Ryszard Gołdyn ◽  
Joanna Rosińska ◽  
Stanisław Podsiadłowski
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
P Release ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Iron Sulphate ◽  
Internal Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Profundal Zone

The urban Swarzędzkie Lake, into which sewage had been diverted many years ago, was still characterised by low ecological status. Three restoration methods were used in order to improve the water quality, i.e. aeration of the waters overlying the bottom sediments, inactivation of phosphorus in the water column with iron sulphate and magnesium chloride and biomanipulation with pike stocking. The aim of the research was to define seasonal and spatial changes of phosphorus internal loading from bottom sediments and to compare this with previous years. We also considered changes in the process of P release when the restoration treatments were limited after 3 yr from 3 methods to 1 method. The highest phosphorus release from bottom sediments was found in the profundal zone, where in summer periods it would reach up to 29.2 mgP m−2 day−1. The lowest P release was observed in the littoral zone, down to a depth of 3 m, where it did not exceed 10.0 mgP m−2 day−1. 31% of the whole load of P released from the bottom sediments was originated from this zone. The research showed an increase of phosphorus release in the first years of restoration treatment and a systematic decrease at all stations in the following years.

scholarly journals Phosphorus dynamics in sediments of a eutrophic lake derived from 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Özkundakci ◽  
David P. Hamilton ◽  
Richard McDowell ◽  
Stefan Hill
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
31P Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lake Okaro ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The determination of organic phosphorus (P) compounds in lake sediments can provide information on the potential for internal P loading. Settling seston and vertical sediment core samples from highly eutrophic Lake Okaro, New Zealand, were collected during a mixed winter and stratified summer period, representing, respectively, when the water column was well oxygenated and when the bottom waters were anoxic. Samples were analysed with 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy, which showed that both bottom sediments and settling seston contained orthophosphate, orthophosphate monoesters and diesters, pyrophosphates, polyphosphates and phosphonates. Phosphorus concentration in settling seston increased ~2.5-fold in winter as a result of seasonally induced changes in phytoplankton biomass, with a marked increase in the concentration of orthophosphate. Several potentially bioavailable P compounds in the bottom sediments were identified that were likely to contribute to recycling of P from the sediment to the water column. An ‘apparent half-life’ was used to quantify the time scales on which these compounds were recycled to the overlying water column. Orthophosphate monoesters that include inositol phosphates were the most persistent P compound. On the basis of half-lives, high internal P loadings may persist for more than 20 years, potentially hindering restoration efforts in Lake Okaro.

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