scholarly journals Lake water dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics revealed from monthly measurements of radiocarbon in the Fuji Five Lakes, Japan

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ota ◽  
Yusuke Yokoyama ◽  
Yosuke Miyairi ◽  
Shinya Yamamoto ◽  
Toshihiro Miyajima
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Human Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Reservoir Age

Lakes are sensitive recorders of anthropogenic activities, as human society often develops in their vicinity. Lake sediments thus have been widely used to reconstruct the history of environmental changes in the past, anthropogenic, or otherwise, and radiocarbon dating provides chronological control of the samples. However, specific values of radiocarbon in different carbon reservoirs due to the different pathways of radiocarbon from the upper atmosphere to the lake, called the radiocarbon reservoir age, is always difficult to evaluate because of dynamic processes in and around lakes. There are few systematic studies on radiocarbon reservoir ages for lakes owing to the complex radiocarbon transfer processes for lakes. Here, we investigate lake waters of the Fuji Five Lakes with monthly monitoring of the radiocarbon reservoir effects. Radiocarbon from dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for groundwater and river water is also measured, with resulting concentrations (Δ14C) at their lowest at Lake Kawaguchi in August 2018 (–122.4 ± 3.2‰), and at their highest at Lake Motosu in January 2019 (–22.4 ± 2.5‰), despite a distance of 25 km. However, winter values in both lakes show similar trends of rising Δ14C (about 20‰). Our lake water DIC Δ14C results are compared to previously published records obtained from sediments in Lake Motosu and Lake Kawaguchi. These suggest that total organic carbon and compound-specific radiocarbon found in sediments are heavily influenced by summer blooms of aquatic organisms that fix DIC in water. Thus, future studies to conduct similar analyses at the various lakes would be able to provide further insights into the carbon cycle around inland water, namely understanding the nature of radiocarbon reservoir ages.

scholarly journals Calibration of Lacustrine Sediment Ages Using the Relationship Between 14C Levels in Lake Waters and in the Atmosphere: The Case of Lake Kinneret

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Stiller ◽  
Aaron Kaufman ◽  
Israel Carmi ◽  
Genia Mintz
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Lacustrine Sediment ◽  
Lake Kinneret ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
The Relationship

The source of endogenic organic and inorganic carbon in lacustrine sediments is the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the lake water. The relation between the radiocarbon levels of DIC in Lake Kinneret and of CO2 in the atmosphere has been investigated. The ratio of the former to the latter was found to be 0.814 ± 0.013. This ratio is used for calibrating the age of the sediment according to the natural fluctuations in the atmospheric levels of 14C that occurred during the past 10,000 years.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon in Annual Coral Rings of Belize and Florida

Radiocarbon ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M Druffel
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Coral Growth ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Montastrea Annularis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Florida Straits

Radiocarbon measurements on a 109-year-old (1868-1977) core of Montastrea annularis coral from Glover Reef, Belize, in the Gulf of Honduras, reveal uptake of fossil fuel CO2 and bomb 14C by surface ocean waters. The history of Δ14C values revealed by this Belize growth agree remarkably well with results for coral growth from the Florida Straits. It is concluded that these corals are reliable recorders of 14C concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIOC) in surface waters representative of the Gulf Stream.

Isotopic and geochemical composition of marl lake waters and implications for radiocarbon dating of marl lake sediments

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Turner ◽  
P. Fritz ◽  
P. F. Karrow ◽  
B. G. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Marl Lake ◽  
Lake Waters

Radiocarbon dates on organic and calcareous fractions of sediment cores from marl lakes may yield anomalous ages due to the assumption of a constant hardwater correction factor along the sediment sequence. A study of eight marl lakes in southern Ontario that are actively precipitating calcium carbonate was conducted in order to assess those isotopic and aqueous geochemical parameters in modern lakes that may be utilized to estimate the history and extent of variations in the hardwater effect along such sediment sequences. Results show an increase in the δ13C composition of lake DIC (dissolved inorganic carbon) as approach to isotopic equilibrium with atmospheric CO2 occurs. Differences in the extent to which this equilibrium is established also appear responsible for observed differences in the 14C activity of DIC between lakes of as much as 20 pmc (percent modern carbon). These variations have been related to the relative residence times of water in each lake by examination of their corresponding seasonal variations in 18O and 2H content. Consequently δ13C and δ18O of marl and molluscs have been used to identify variations in the hardwater effect along the sediment profile. A profile of radiocarbon dates on marl from Little Lake in southern Ontario shows satisfactory agreement with an independently determined pollen chronology. Where certain criteria are met, marl deposits appear to be suitable material for establishing Quaternary chronology.

Influence of Aquatic Plant Photosynthesis on the Reservoir Effect of Genggahai Lake, Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Mingrui Qiang ◽  
Yanxiang Jin ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Aifeng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
Core Sediments ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis ◽  
Gonghe Basin

AbstractTerrestrial plant remains in the sediments of lakes from semi-arid and arid regions are rare and therefore the establishment of a sediment chronology depends on accurate assessment of the reservoir effect of the lake water. In a study of Genggahai Lake in the Gonghe Basin, northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we used accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating to determine the age of (1) dissolved inorganic carbon in the water (DICLW), (2) macrophyte remains in the uppermost samples of core sediments, (3) living P. pectinatus in the lake, and (4) dissolved inorganic carbon of spring water in the catchment. The results show that the ages of the DICLW (910 14C yr BP on average) were much younger than the ages of the groundwater (6330 14C yr BP on average), which may result mainly from CO2 exchange between the lake water and the atmosphere. In addition, the 14C ages of DICLW and macrophyte remains in the uppermost core sediments varied from site to site within the lake, which we ascribe to the different photosynthesis rates of Chara spp. and vascular plants. The higher photosynthesis rate of Chara spp. decreases lake-water pCO2, which leads to more atmospheric CO2 being absorbed by the lake water, and thereby greatly reducing the age of carbon species in areas dominated by Chara spp. Although Genggahai Lake is well mixed, the differences between the apparent ages of the lake water are significantly modulated by the photosynthesis intensity of submerged plants.

scholarly journals Relationship of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations with some environmental variables in the Red River water in the period 2008 - 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Thi Phuong Quynh Le ◽  
Thi Xuan Binh Phung ◽  
Thi Thuy Duong ◽  
Duc Nghia Le ◽  
Tu Cuong Ho
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Red River ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Impact

Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) is one of the main chemical components in water and very sensitive with environmental changes. DIC content in river water closely relates with natural weathering process and human activities in the whole basin. Therefore, DIC concentration reflects the impact of natural conditions and human activities in the basin to river water quality. This paper presents the survey results of the DIC concentrations at 4 sites in the Red River system during the period from January 2008 to December 2015 and simultaneously considers the relationship between some environmental variables and the DIC concentrations in the river water. The survey results showed that the DIC concentrations in the Red River water varied from 9.1 to 29.9 mgC.L-1, averaging 19.6 mgC.L-1 during the study period. The DIC concentrations are positively correlated with pH values and some major ions concentrations in river water, such as K+, Na+, Ca2+, SO42- but negatively correlated with water temperature. These relationships also indicate that the DIC concentrations in the Red River water are influenced by natural conditions, rather than by human activities in the river basin. Cacbon vô cơ hòa tan (DIC) là thành phần hóa học cơ bản trong nước và rất nhạy cảm với những thay đổi của các yếu tố môi trường. DIC có mối liên hệ chặt chẽ với sự phong hóa tự nhiên và các hoạt động của con người trên quy mô toàn lưu vực. Do đó, DIC phản ánh mức độ tác động của các điều kiện tự nhiên và con người trong lưu vực tới chất lượng nước sông. Bài báo trình bày kết quả quan trắc hàm lượng DIC trong nước sông Hồng, đồng thời xem xét mối quan hệ giữa một số yếu tố môi trường với hàm lượng DIC trong nước sông trong giai đoạn 1/2008 – 4/2015. Kết quả cho thấy hàm lượng DIC trong nước sông Hồng dao động trong khoảng 9,1 to 29,9 mgC.L-1, trung bình đạt 19,6 mgC.L-1 trong giai đoạn tháng 1 năm 2008 – tháng 12 năm 2015. Hàm lượng DIC có mối tương quan theo tỷ lệ nghịch với nhiệt độ nước sông; đồng thời có mối tương quan tỷ lệ thuận với giá trị pH và hàm lượng một số ion như K+, Na+, Ca2+, SO42-... tại 4 vị trí quan trắc trên sông Hồng. Các mối quan hệ này thể hiện rằng hàm lượng DIC trong nước sông Hồng chịu ảnh hưởng chính của các đặc điểm tự nhiên hơn là các tác động của con người trong lưu vực.

scholarly journals Mechanism of O and C isotope fractionation in magnesian calcite skeletons of <i>Octocorallia</i> corals and an implication on their calcification response to ocean acidification

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yoshimura ◽  
A. Suzuki ◽  
N. Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Ambient Seawater ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Coral Skeletons ◽  
Δ18o And Δ13c

Abstract. Coral calcification is strongly dependent on both the pH and the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of the calcifying fluid. Skeletal oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation of high-Mg calcite skeletons of \\textit{Octocorallia} corals directly record the biological manipulation on sources of DIC in response to environmental changes. The coral skeletons were enriched in light isotopes (16O and 12C) relative to the expected values based on habitat environmental parameters and Mg/Ca of the skeletons. The differences between the expected and observed values ranged from −4.66 to −1.53 for δ18O and from −7.34 to −1.75 for δ13C. The large variability cannot be explained by the ambient environment, the contribution of metabolic carbon, or the precipitation rate of the skeleton. Therefore, the most plausible explanation for the observed O and C isotope differences in high-Mg calcite coral skeletons is the existence of two carbon sources, aqueous carbon dioxide in the calcifying fluid and dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater. Positive correlations of B/Ca with δ18O and δ13C suggest that skeletal isotopic compositions are enriched in light isotopes when conditions are less alkaline. Therefore, the relative contribution of isotopically heavy DIC from seawater through the skeleton and pericellular channels decreases under the reduced pH of the extracytoplasmic calcifying fluid. Our data suggest an even stronger biological effect under lower pH. Skeletal δ18O and δ13C values record the response of the sources of DIC in the coral calcifying fluids to ambient seawater pH. These changes give insight into how ocean acidification impacts the physiological mechanisms as well as the pH offset between calcifying fluid and seawater in response to ocean acidification.

scholarly journals Comparing Carbonate and Organic Ams-14C Ages in Lake Abiyata Sediments (Ethiopia): Hydrochemistry and Paleoenvironmental Implications

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Gibert ◽  
Yves Travi ◽  
Marc Massault ◽  
Tesfaye Chernet ◽  
Florent Barbecot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Geochemical Behavior ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Sediment Interface ◽  
Shed Light

We studied a 12.6-m-long sequence from Lake Abiyata (Central Ethiopia) to establish a reliable and accurate chronology for use in global paleoclimatic reconstructions. The 26 accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) ages, performed on carbonates and organic matter, define 2 parallel chronologies, representing the complete Holocene period. However, these chronologies show a significant discrepancy from 500 to 900 BP in depth; ages obtained on carbonates were always older than those on organic matter. The hydrogeological and geochemical behavior of the Lake Abiyata basin has shed light on this discrepancy. We found that the carbonate crystallization is due mainly to the mixing of lake waters with groundwaters from the multi-layered aquifer contained in the 600-m-thick basement of the lake. The 14C activity of total dissolved inorganic carbon (TDIC) measured by AMS from bottom and surface lake waters (111.4 and 111.8 pMC, respectively) confirms that the mixing occurs at the water-sediment interface. This evidence of groundwater participation in the carbonate crystallization calls into question the current paleoclimatic reconstructions based on inorganic carbonates in lakes. Specific attention should thus be given to the respective proportions of each end-member in the mixing for the quantitative estimation of the groundwater input. This will help to validate the paleoenvironmental reconstructions and to highlight an eventual diagenetical evolution of inorganic carbonates during burial, via the study of pore waters.

A Survey of the 14C Content of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon in Chinese Lakes

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 705-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taibei Liu ◽  
Weijian Zhou ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
G S Burr
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Average Residence Time ◽  
Exchange Character

AbstractWe present radiocarbon (14C) measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from surface waters of 11 lakes, widely distributed in China. Surface lake water DIC F14C values show distinct differences, and we relate these to the physical exchange character (“open” or “closed”) of each lake. Open lakes studied here generally have lower DIC F14C values than closed lakes. We present a simple model of a lake water cycle to calculate an average residence time for each lake. Comparisons between lake DIC F14C and average residence time shows that the DIC F14C increases with the average residence time and reflects a steady-state.

Physiological responses to temperature and ocean acidification in tropical fleshy macroalgae with varying affinities for inorganic carbon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Ho ◽  
James McBroom ◽  
Ellie Bergstrom ◽  
Guillermo Diaz-Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Δ13c Values

Abstract Marine macroalgae have variable carbon-uptake strategies that complicate predicting responses to environmental changes. In seawater, dissolved inorganic carbon availability can affect the underlying physiological mechanisms influencing carbon uptake. We tested the interactive effects of ocean acidification (OA) and warming on two HCO3−-users (Lobophora sp. and Amansia rhodantha), a predominately CO2-user (Avrainvillea nigricans), and a sole CO2-user (Plocamium hamatum) in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. We examined metabolic rates, growth, and carbon isotope values (δ13C) in algae at 26, 28, or 30°C under ambient or elevated pCO2 (∼1000 µatm). Under OA, δ13C values for the HCO3−-users decreased, indicating less reliance on HCO3−, while δ13C values for CO2-users were unaffected. Both HCO3−-users decreased in growth across temperatures under ambient pCO2, but this negative effect was alleviated by OA at 30°C. A. nigricans lost biomass across all treatments and P. hamatum was most sensitive, with reduced survival in all physiological responses. Metabolic rates varied greatly to interacting temperature and OA and indicated a decoupling between the relationship of photosynthesis and growth. Furthermore, our findings suggest HCO3−-users are more responsive to future CO2 changes, and highlight examining carbon physiology to infer potential responses to interacting environmental stressors.

A Caveat on Radiocarbon Dating of Organic-Poor Bulk Lacustrine Sediments in Arid China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Yong Yu ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Zhanfang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Rich Information ◽  
Instrumental Records ◽  
Reservoir Age

Characterized by a dry climate, the arid area of China represents a unique landscape. A proper understanding of the driving mechanisms behind the changes of this ecologically vulnerable landscape requires placing the instrumental records within a geological context. Lakes in this area bear rich information about past climatic and environmental changes presumably regulated by the westerlies at various timescales. The lacustrine records obtained in this area heavily rely on radiocarbon ages, which are usually subject to the temporal and spatial variability of the 14C reservoir effect. Yet, little is known about the 14C reservoir age of lacustrine systems in this area. This study reports an anomalously large 14C reservoir age of about 11,000 ± 2000 yr from a saline lake in NW China by comparing 14C and OSL chronologies. The modeling study suggests that this age offset appears to be an inherent phenomenon in lacustrine systems, which mainly arises from the introduction of pre-aged organic matter from the catchment and the conversion of 14C-depleted dissolved inorganic carbon to organic matter by photosynthesis. Compared to the large age offset induced by the 14C-dcficient exogenous carbon, the reservoir effect due to retention of organic matter in the lake water appears to be inconsequential. The results reveal the pitfall of 14C dating on organic-poor bulk lacustrine sediments in this barren landscape, and thus highlight the need for alternate dating methods to constrain the chronology of lacustrine records.

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