A filtrate phase perspective to organic matter balance in ECF bleached kraft fiberline

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Antero Luonsi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Elemental Chlorine ◽  
Softwood Kraft Pulp ◽  
Development Alternatives ◽  
Pulp Production

In the process of making high quality pulp from wood chips, much water will continuously be needed. The fate of the used water with the organic and inorganic impurities remains optional. Mills with zero liquid effluent have been mentioned as the target in environmental loading minimization of pulp and paper mills with hardly any debate. To avoid inappropriate solutions when approaching this target, thorough knowledge of loading element behavior in liquid streams of production processes should be available before decisions are made for development alternatives. Based on empirical measurements of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in liquid streams of fiberline and utilizing them together with routine mill data in process simulation, this study aims at mapping DOM and its fate in elemental chlorine free (ECF) softwood kraft pulp production. The results of this study act as a demonstration for determining the essential fates and their quantities in the ECF fiberline.

Preliminary Economics of Black Liquor Gasifier/Gas Turbine Cogeneration at Pulp and Paper Mills

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Larson ◽  
Stefano Consonni ◽  
Thomas G. Kreutz
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mills ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Pulp Production

Black liquor, the lignin-rich byproduct of kraft pulp production, is burned in boiler/steam turbine cogeneration systems at pulp mills today to provide heat and power for onsite use. Black liquor gasification technologies under development would enable this fuel to be used in gas turbines. This paper reports preliminary economics of 100-MWe scale integrated black-liquor gasifier/combined cycles using alternative commercially proposed gasifier designs. The economics are based on detailed full-load performance modeling and on capital, operating and maintenance costs developed in collaboration with engineers at Bechtel Corporation and Stone & Webster Engineering. Comparisons with conventional boiler/steam turbine systems are included. [S0742-4795(00)00402-6]

scholarly journals Preliminary Economics of Black Liquor Gasifier/Gas Turbine Cogeneration at Pulp and Paper Mills

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Larson ◽  
Stefano Consonni ◽  
Thomas G. Kreutz
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mills ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Pulp Production

Black liquor, the lignin-rich byproduct of kraft pulp production, is burned in boiler/steam turbine cogeneration systems at pulp mills today to provide heat and power for onsite use. Black liquor gasification technologies under development would enable this fuel to be used in gas turbines. This paper reports preliminary economics of 100-MWe scale integrated black-liquor gasifier/combined cycles using alternative commercially-proposed gasifier designs. The economics are based on detailed full-load performance modeling and on capital and operating and maintenance costs developed in collaboration with engineers at Bechtel Corporation and Stone and Webster Engineering. Comparisons with conventional boiler/steam turbine systems are included.

Optimization of elemental chlorine-free bleaching for a softwood kraft pulp • part 2: economic analysis of chemical and steam consumption

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN N. BROGDON
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Alkaline Extraction ◽  
Stage Versus ◽  
Kraft Pulps ◽  
Steam Consumption ◽  
Elemental Chlorine ◽  
Softwood Kraft Pulp

Our previous investigation [1] re-analyzed the data from Basta and co-workers (1992 TAPPI Pulping Conference) to demonstrate how oxidative alkaline extraction can be augmented and how these changes affect chlorine dioxide consumption with elemental chlorine-free (ECF) sequences. The current study manipulates extraction delignification variables to curtail bleaching costs with a conventional U.S. Southern softwood kraft pulp. The economic advantages of ~0.35% to 0.65% H2O2 peroxide reinforcement in a 70°C (EOP)-stage versus 90°C (EO)-stage are predisposed to the brightness targets, to short or long bleach sequences, and to mill energy costs. Minimized bleaching costs are generally realized when a 90°C (EO) is employed in D0(EO)D1 bleaching, whereas a 70°C (EOP) is economically advantageous for D0(EOP)D1E2D2 bleaching. The findings we disclose here help to clarify previous ECF optimization studies of conventional softwood kraft pulps.

Impact of dissolved organic matter in D0- and AD0-stages in bleaching of birch kraft pulp

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
Caroline Wilke ◽  
Niclas Andersson ◽  
Ulf Germgård
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Dissolved Matter ◽  
Softwood Kraft Pulp ◽  
Polluting Emissions ◽  
Birch Kraft Pulp

Abstract To be able to charge a correct amount of chlorine dioxide in the D0-stage, a pulp mill needs good control of the bleaching process and good sensors to keep the variability of the bleaching result on an acceptable level. It is also important to include the bleaching agent demand from the dissolved matter in the pulp slurry. If this is done correctly, over- or undercharging of bleaching agents can be reduced, which lead to lower bleaching chemical cost, lower polluting emissions and higher pulp quality. Our previous research has shown that the dissolved organic carryover from the O2-stage varies significantly when bleaching softwood kraft pulp. The present study investigated the corresponding impact in the case of bleaching of birch pulp. Different mill configurations and process conditions have been simulated in laboratory trials, including proceeding A-stage treatment, different degrees of washing before and between the stages, and a comparison of the effects of recycled and non-recycled wash filtrates. The results have confirmed the significant impact of the dissolved organic matter, and the knowledge which have been generated can be used to understand how measurement and control concepts can be developed to improve the pulp quality control and to decrease production cost.

Distribution of Organic Contaminants in Water and Suspended Solids of the Rainy River

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Merriman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Dioxins And Furans ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract Water and suspended solid samples were collected in 1986 at three stations on the Rainy River and from the final effluents of two bleached kraft pulp and paper mills discharging into the river. A wide range of organic contaminants were analysed, including organochlorine pesticides (OCs), total PCBs, chlorobenzenes (CBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and chlorophenols (CPs). Suspended solids were also analysed for dioxins and furans. Analysis of the data indicated that for the most part, compounds were below the detection limit at the upstream end of the river. High levels of PCBs, dioxins, furans, CPs and PAHs were found in mill effluents, which resulted in some elevated concentrations in the Rainy River downstream of the mills. At the downstream end of the river, there was no impact evident for the compounds analysed.

An Assessment of Gasification-Based Biorefining at Kraft Pulp and Paper Mills in the United States, Part B: Results

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC D. LARSON ◽  
STEFANO CONSONNI ◽  
RYAN E. KATOFSKY ◽  
KRISTIINA IISA ◽  
W. JAMES FREDERICK, JR.
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Air Emissions ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills

Commercialization of black liquor and biomass gasification technologies is anticipated in the 2010–2015 timeframe, and synthesis gas from gasifiers can be converted into liquid fuels using catalytic synthesis technol-ogies that are already commercially established today in the gas-to-liquids or coal-to-liquids industries. This set of two papers describes key results from a major assessment of the prospective energy, environmental, and financial performance of commercial gasification-based biorefineries integrated with kraft pulp and paper mills. Seven detailed biorefinery designs were developed for a reference mill in the southeastern United States, together with the associated mass/energy balances, air emissions estimates, and capital investment requirements. The biorefineries provide chemical recovery services and co-produce process steam for the mill, some electricity, and one of three liq-uid fuels: a Fischer-Tropsch synthetic crude oil (which could be refined to vehicle fuels at an existing petroleum refin-ery), dimethyl ether (a diesel engine fuel or propane substitute), or an ethanol-rich mixed-alcohol product. Compared with installing new Tomlinson power/recovery systems, biorefineries would require more capital investment and greater purchases of woody residues for energy use. However, because biorefineries would be more efficient, have lower air emissions, and produce a more diverse product slate, for nearly all cases examined, the internal rate of return (IRR) on the incremental capital investment lies between 14% and 18%, assuming a $50/bbl world oil price. The IRRs would more than double if plausible federal and state financial incentives were captured. Industry-wide adoption of such biorefining in the United States would provide significant energy and environmental benefits to the country.

Optimization of elemental chlorine-free bleaching for a softwood kraft pulp – part 1: impact of oxidative extraction on chlorine dioxide stoichiometry

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN N. BROGDON
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Alkaline Extraction ◽  
Pulp Bleaching ◽  
Elemental Chlorine ◽  
Kraft Pulp Bleaching ◽  
Softwood Kraft Pulp ◽  
Chemical Usage ◽  
Minimize Costs

The present investigation meticulously analyzes how oxidative alkaline extraction can be augmented through process changes, and how these augmentations can be leveraged to optimize chlorine dioxide usage with elemental chlorine-free (ECF) sequences for a conventional softwood kraft pulp. Bleaching data from Basta and co-workers (1992 TAPPI Pulping Conference) are re-examined and re-interpreted in this study. We determined that ~60% to 65% of the overall ClO2 charge should be applied in the D0-stage. Peroxide addition to an (EOP) can replace 0.6 to 2.5 Kg. ClO2 per Kg H2O2. Boosting the (EO) temperature to 80°C is equivalent to a 70°C (EOP) with 0.25% to 0.30% H2O2,whereas a 90°C (EO) is equivalent to 0.50% – 0.75% H2O2 in a 70°C (EOP). The stoichiometric bleaching data from this study can guide decision-making for lowering chemical usage and minimize costs to reach target brightness levels with three- and five-stage sequences.

Terrigenous Organic Matter in Surface Sediments from the Gulf of St. Lawrence

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Pocklington
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Close Proximity

Marine sediments containing land-derived organic matter can be identified by a combination of high organic carbon concentration, high C and H relative to N, and the presence of lignin. Sediments with this combination of characteristics have been found in certain environments within the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in particular, in close proximity to pulp and paper mills.

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