Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treatment of supernatant of cow manure by thermal pre-treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yoneyama ◽  
A. Nishii ◽  
M. Nishimoto ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
T. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Methane Production Rate ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) methane fermentation treatment of cow manure that was subjected to screw pressing, thermal treatment and subsequent solid–liquid separation was studied. Conducting batch scale tests at temperatures between 140 and 180 °C, the optimal temperature for sludge settling and the color suppression was found to be between160–170 °C. UASB treatment was carried out with a supernatant obtained from the thermal treatment at the optimal conditions (170 °C for 30 minutes) and polymer-dosed solid–liquid separation. In the UASB treatment with a CODCr loading of 11.7 kg/m3/d and water temperature of 32.2 °C, the CODCr level dropped from 16,360 mg/L in raw water to 3,940 mg/L in treated water (CODCr removal rate of 75.9%), and the methane production rate per CODCr was 0.187 Nm3/kg. Using wastewater thermal-treated at the optimal conditions, also a methane fermentation treatment with a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was conducted (CODCr in raw water: 38,000 mg/L, hydraulic retention time (HRT): 20 days, 35 °C). At the CODCr loading of 1.9 kg/m3/d, the methane production rate per CODCr was 0.153 Nm3/kg. This result shows that UASB treatment using thermal pre-treatment provides a CODCr loading of four times or more and a methane production rate of 1.3 times higher than the CSTR treatment.

EFFECT OF COD LOADING RATE ON AN UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET REACTOR DURING ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT WITH BUTYRATE / SUVARTOJAMO CHDS POVEIKIS PALMIŲ ALIEJAUS GAMYBINIŲ NUOTEKŲ SU BUTIRATU ANAEROBINIO PŪDYMO PLOKŠTELINIAME REAKTORIUJE METU

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Ahmad ◽  
Rumana Ghufran ◽  
Zularisam Abd. Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Palm oil Mill Effluent (POME) with concentrated butyrate was treated in a 4.5 l upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR), run over a range of influent concentrations (16.5–46.0 g-COD l−1), chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading rates (1.5–11.5 g-CODl−1d−1) and 11–4 days hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 37 °C by maintaining pH between 6.5–7.5. The process consistently removed 97–99% of COD at loading rates up to 1.5–4.8 g-COD l−1d−1 by varying HRT (11–7.2 days). Butyrate is an important intermediate in the anaerobic degradation of organic matter. In sulphate-depleted environment, butyrate in POME (BOD/COD ratio of 0.5) is β-oxidised to acetate and hydrogen, by obligate proton reducers in syntrophic association with hydrogen utilizing methanogens. The conversion of acetate to methane appeared to be rate limiting step. Maximum biogas (20.17 ll−1d−1) and methane production (16.2 ll−1d−1) were obtained at COD loading rate of 4.80 gl−1d−1and HRT of 7.2 days. The biogas and methane production were higher in the presence of butyrate compared to control. The methane content of the biogas was in the range of 70–80% throughout the study while in control it was 60–65%. Finding of this study clearly indicates the successful treatment of POME with butyrate in UASBR. Santrauka Palmių aliejaus gamybinės nuotekos (POME) su koncentruotu butiratu buvo apdorotos 4,5 l talpos aukštyn tekančio aerobinio dumblo plokšteliniame reaktoriuje (UASBR). Nuotekos tekėjo įvairių koncentracijų (16,5–46,0 g – ChDS 1−1), cheminio deguonies suvartojimo (ChDS) normos (1,5–11,5 g – ChDS 1−1d.−1). Hidraulinio sulaikymo trukmė (HRT) nuo 11 iki 4 dienų, kai temperatūra 37 °C, pH palaikant 6,5–7,5. Vykstant procesui nuolat buvo pašalinama 97–99% ChD, kai tiekimo ir pakrovimo sparta 1,5–4,8 g – ChDS 1−1d.−1 kintant HRT(11–7,2 d.). Butiratas yra svarbus tarpininkas organinių medžiagų anaerobinio skilimo procese. Sulfatas iš aplinkos, butiratas iš POME (BDS/ChDS santykis 0,5) yra acetato ir vandenilio β oksidatoriai, priverčiantys protonų reducentus sintrofinės sąveikos su vandeniliu metu utilizuoti metanogenus. Acetato virtimas metanu pasirodė esąs greitį ribojantis veiksnys. Daugiausia biodujų (20,17 l 1−1 d.−1) ir metano (16,2 l 1−1 d.−1) susidarė tada, kai suvartojamo ChD tiekimo greitis buvo 4,80 g 1−1d.−1, o HRT – 7,2 dienos. Daugiau biodujų ir metano susidarė dalyvaujant butiratui, palyginti su kontroliniu pavyzdžiu. Biodujose metano kiekis tyrimo metu svyravo 70–80%, o kontroliniame buvo 60–65%. Šis tyrimas aiškiai parodė, kad POME su butiratu UASBreaktoriuje apdorojamas sėkmingai.

THE PRODUCTION OF BIOHYDROGEN AND BIOMETHANE FROM CASSAVA WASTEWATER UNDER MESOPHILIC ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION BY USING UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET REACTORS (UASB)

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patcharee Intanoo ◽  
Sumaeth Chavadej ◽  
Oijai Khongsumran
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The main objective was to separately generate biohydrogen (H2) and biomethane (CH4) with the cassava wastewater via the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors (UASB) under the mesophilic temperature (37 ºC). For the first part, the production of H2, the controlled system was managed on the fixed temperature (37 º C) and pH (5.5) included the varied organic concentration in term of chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading rates. As the proper COD loading rate of 25 kg/m3 d, H2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) were mainly generated gases which provided the highest specific H2 production rate of 0.39 l H2/l d and the highest H2 yield of 39.83 l H2/kg COD removed. For the second part, the effluent liquid that generated from the stage of H2 production on COD loading rate of 25 kg/m3 d was fed to the UASB with the fixed temperature (37 °C) and no pH control. The highest specific CH4 production rate of 0.91 l CH4/l d and the highest CH4 yield of 115.23 l CH4/kg COD removed were shown on the proper COD loading rate of 8 kg/m3 d.  

Effects of phosphate addition on methane fermentation in the batch and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors

2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (24) ◽  
pp. 10457-10466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Suzuki ◽  
Masaki Shintani ◽  
Zoe Kuizon Sanchez ◽  
Kohei Kimura ◽  
Mitsuru Numata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactors ◽  
Phosphate Addition

Impact of ozone pre-treatment on the performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket treating pre-treated grain distillery wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 1702-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Robertson ◽  
T. J. Britz ◽  
G. O. Sigge
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Distillery Wastewater ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Performance Results

Two 2 L laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were operated for 277 days. The substrate of the control reactor (Rc) contained grain distillery wastewater (GDWW) that had undergone coagulant pre-treatment, and the substrate of the second UASB reactor consisted of GDWW that had undergone coagulant pre-treatment and ozone pre-treatment (Ro). Both reactors treated pre-treated GDWW successfully at ca. 9 kgCOD m−3 d−1. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions of ca. 96% for Rc and 93% for Ro were achieved. Fats, oils and grease (FOG) reductions (%) showed variations throughout the study, and reductions of ca. 88 and 92% were achieved for Rc and Ro, respectively. Rc produced more biogas, and the methane percentage was similar in both reactors. UASB granule washout in Rc suggested possible toxicity of unsaturated fatty acids present in non-ozonated substrate. The feasibility of FOG removal was demonstrated as both reactors successfully treated pre-treated GDWW. Better results were obtained for Ro effluent during post-ozonation. The ozone pre-treatment possibly led to easier degradable wastewater, and better results could potentially be obtained when other post-treatment steps are applied. Ozone pre-treatment did not, however, show an added benefit in the reactor performance results.

Sulphate Reduction Control to Enhance Methane Composition in Anaerobic Digester

2015 ◽  
Vol 735 ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Syahrul Syazwan Yaacob ◽  
A. Sabri ◽  
A. Yuzir
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
High Level ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The aim of this research is to investigate addition of iron (ferric chloride) to control of sulphate reduction in order to enhance the methane production under laboratory scale. The bioreactor Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) undergoes continuous operation under anaerobic condition treating synthetic sulphate enriched wastewater. The wastewater used as influent wastewater with a total COD 8000 mg.L-1. The experiment was conducted for about 64 days and was operated at constant OLR of 2.0(±0.1) kgCOD.m-3.d-1 by maintaining a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 days. The UASB then were feed with sulphate and give the COD/SO4 ratio 5.3, 2.5 and 1.5. Then amount of ferric chloride at 10.4, 22.2 and 44.5 mM was introduce just after methane producing bacteria (MPB) were completely inhibited by sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) due to decreasing of methane composition (CH4) and high level production of hydrogen sulphide (H2S). The obtained results showed that the FeCl3 negatively impacted the anaerobic digestion process since with each of COD/SO42- ratio, and the amount addition of ferric chloride to feed regime, gives promotion on methane production, with 67, 70 and 69% after approximately 10 to 15 days operating at critical conditions.

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