Utilization of treated swine wastewater for greenhouse tomato production

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cheng ◽  
T.E. Shearin ◽  
M.M. Peet ◽  
D.H. Willits
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Marketable Fruit

An integrated system has been developed to recycle waste organics and treated wastewater from a swine farm to make value-added products and to protect the environment from potential contamination. The farm is a farrow-to-wean swine operation with approximately 4,000 sows. A high-strength wastewater (chemical oxygen demand, 18,000 mg/l; total Khejdal nitrogen, 1,600 mg/l; total phosphorus, 360 mg/l) is produced from the swine operation. An ambient-temperature anaerobic digester has been used to treat the swine wastewater and to produce biogas (from an average 475 m3/day in winter to 950 m3/day in summer). The biogas is combusted in an engine to produce electricity (around 900 kW-hr/day). The digester effluent that is rich in nutrients (N, P, and minerals) is then utilized for fertigation for greenhouse tomato production. A trickling nitrification biofilter has been developed to convert ammonium in the effluent into nitrate. The nitrified anaerobic effluent is used as both fertilizer and irrigation water for approximately 14,400 tomato plants in greenhouses. Experimental data indicate that the tomato greenhouses have used approximately 12 m3 of the effluent and 3.84 kg nitrogen per day. At the same time, the greenhouses have a daily yield of 520 kg (37 g/plant) of marketable fruit.

scholarly journals LOW QUALITY, LOW QUANTITY WATER USED—CONTAINER PLANT PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 916B-916
Author(s):  
James L. Green
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Open Container ◽  
Effluent Discharge ◽  
Management Alternatives ◽  
Container Plant

Since initiation of the research in 1990, diverse plants (92 genera from 47 families) have been grown in the closed, insulated pallet system (CIPS). Greater growth has occurred in various embodiments of the CIPS than in the open container system (OCS) controls. Branching of roots, and of shoots of some plants, is greater in CIPS. CIPS is a closed system; there is no circulation of irrigation solutions nor effluent discharge from CIPS. Water and fertilizer movement in CIPS is plant-driven, and use is 10% of that applied in overhead sprinkler fertigation of open containers. Tomato plants are more tolerant of saline irrigation water, and greenhouse tomato production is more profitable in CIPS than in the OCS. CIPS provides several pest management alternatives.

scholarly journals Treatment of Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater (PSW) Using a Pretreatment Stage, an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed Reactor (EGSB), and a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Honeil Basile Meyo ◽  
Mahomet Njoya ◽  
Moses Basitere ◽  
Seteno Karabo Obed Ntwampe ◽  
Ephraim Kaskote
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Alternative Means

This study presents the biological treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) using a combination of a biological pretreatment stage, an expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB), and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) to treat PSW. This PSW treatment was geared toward reducing the concentration of contaminants present in the PSW to meet the City of Cape Town (CoCT) discharge standards and evaluate an alternative means of treating medium- to high-strength wastewater at low cost. The EGSB used in this study was operated under mesophilic conditions and at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 69 to 456 mg COD/L·h. The pretreatment stage of this laboratory-scale (lab-scale) plant played an important role in the pretreatment of the PSW, with removal percentages varying between 20% and 50% for total suspended solids (TSS), 20% and 70% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), and 50% and 83% for fats, oil, and grease (FOG). The EGSB further reduced the concentration of these contaminants to between 25% and 90% for TSS, 20% and 80% for COD, and 20% and >95% for FOG. The last stage of this process, i.e., the membrane bioreactor (MBR), contributed to a further decrease in the concentration of these contaminants with a peak removal performance of >95% for TSS and COD and 80% for the FOG. Overall, the system (pretreatment–EGSB–MBR) exceeded 97% for TSS and COD removal and 97.5% for FOG removal. These results culminated in a product (treated wastewater) meeting the discharge standards.

scholarly journals Reclaimed Water for Vineyard Irrigation in a Mediterranean Context: Life Cycle Environmental Impacts, Life Cycle Costs, and Eco-Efficiency

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2242
Author(s):  
Kledja Canaj ◽  
Domenico Morrone ◽  
Rocco Roma ◽  
Francesca Boari ◽  
Vito Cantore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Life Cycle Costs

The agricultural sector in the Mediterranean region, is increasingly using reclaimed water as an additional source for irrigation. However, there is a limited number of case studies about product-based life cycle analysis to ensure that the overall benefits of reclaimed water do indeed outweigh the impacts. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) methods are used in this study to investigate the environmental impacts and costs of vineyard cropping systems when tertiary reclaimed water is used as a supplementary source of irrigation water (integrated system). The conventional production system utilizing 100% groundwater was used as a reference system. As a proxy for sustainability, eco-efficiency, which combines economic and environmental performance, was assessed. The LCA revealed that the integrated system could reduce the net environmental impact by 23.8% due to lower consumption of irrigation water (−50%), electricity (−27.7%), and chemical fertilizers (−22.6%). Nevertheless, trade-offs between economics and the environment occurred as an integrated system is associated with higher life cycle costs and lower economic returns due to lower crop yield (−9.1%). The combined eco-efficiency assessment (ratio of economic value added to total environmental impact) revealed that the integrated system outperformed in terms of eco-efficiency by 12.6% due to lower environmental impacts. These results confirmed that reclaimed water could help to ensure an economically profitable yield with net environmental benefits. Our results provided an up-to-date and consistent life cycle analysis contributing to the creation of a valuable knowledge base for the associated costs and benefits of vineyard cultivation with treated wastewater.

DERIVATION AND ASSESSMENT OF DRIS NORMS FOR GREENHOUSE TOMATOES

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1027-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CARON ◽  
L. E. PARENT
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Ratios ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Nutrient Ratio ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Greenhouse Tomatoes

Diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) norms were developed in Quebec from the 30% top yielding plants among 733 observations on marketable yields and foliar analyses of spring-grown greenhouse tomato plants. These crops produced between 4 and 6.5 kg plant−1 cumulated over 8 wk of harvest. Fifteen optimum nutrient ratios and concentrations were computed from N, P, K, Ca and Mg analytical results. DRIS norms developed irrespective of plant developmental stage were less sensitive than norms developed for selected sampling periods. Including a dry matter index in DRIS did not modify the nutrient ranking of independent samples, but DRIS and the critical value approach produced different diagnoses. The dry matter index may not only help in the separation of limiting from nonlimiting nutrient but can also become an indicator for modifying carbon accumulation in tomato plants. Since DRIS describes numerically the nutrient equilibrium in plants, fertigation regimes could be adapted to the actual plant requirements.Key words: Tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum L., tissue diagnosis, nutrient ratio, diagnosis and recommendation integrated system.

DECOLOURIZATION AND COD REMOVAL OF WASEWATER FROM ETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESS FROM MOLASSES BY COAGULANTION USING INORGANIC ALUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Trung Duc Le
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Main Material

The industrial production of ethanol by fermentation using molasses as main material that generates large quantity of wastewater. This wastewater contains high levels of colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD), that may causes serious environmental pollution. Most available treatment processes in Vietnam rely on biological methods, which often fail to treat waste water up to discharge standard. As always, it was reported that quality of treated wastewater could not meet Vietnameses discharge standard. So, it is necessary to improve the treatment efficiency of whole technological process and therefore, supplemental physico-chemical treatment step before biodegradation stage should be the appropriate choice. This study was carried out to assess the effect of coagulation process on decolourization and COD removal in molasses-based ethanol production wastewater using inorganic coaglutant under laboratory conditions. The experimental results showed that the reductions of COD and colour with the utilization of Al2(SO4)3 at pH 9.5 were 83% and 70%, respectively. Mixture FeSO4 – Al2(SO4)3 at pH 8.5 reduced 82% of colour and 70% of COD. With the addition of Polyacrylamide (PAM), the reduction efficiencies of colour, COD and turbidity by FeSO4 – Al2(SO4)3 were 87%, 73.1% and 94.1% correspondingly. It was indicated that PAM significantly reduced the turbidity of wastewater, however it virtually did not increase the efficiencies of colour and COD reduction. Furthermore, the coagulation processes using PAM usually produces a mount of sludge which is hard to be deposited.

AN NOVEL UCSB-ANR INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR EFFICIENT REMOVAL OF ORGANIC MATTER AND AMMONIA NITROGEN FROM SWINE WASTEWATER

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2261-2266
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Weiwei Zhao ◽  
Xuewen Yi ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Efficient Removal

scholarly journals Efficiency and Technological Reliability of Contaminant Removal in Household WWTPs with Activated Sludge

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Micek ◽  
Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski ◽  
Michał Marzec ◽  
Agnieszka Listosz ◽  
Tadeusz Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Polish Law

The results of research on the efficiency and technological reliability of domestic wastewater purification in two household wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with activated sludge are presented in this paper. The studied facilities were located in the territory of the Roztocze National Park (Poland). The mean wastewater flow rate in the WWTPs was 1.0 and 1.6 m3/day. In 2017–2019, 20 series of analyses were done, and 40 wastewater samples were taken. On the basis of the received results, the efficiency of basic pollutant removal was determined. The technological reliability of the tested facilities was specified using the Weibull method. The average removal efficiencies for the biochemical oxygen demand in 5 days (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 66–83% and 62–65%, respectively. Much lower effects were obtained for total suspended solids (TSS) and amounted to 17–48%, while the efficiency of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) removal did not exceed 34%. The analyzed systems were characterized by the reliability of TSS, BOD5, and COD removal at the level of 76–96%. However, the reliability of TN and TP elimination was less than 5%. Thus, in the case of biogenic compounds, the analyzed systems did not guarantee that the quality of treated wastewater would meet the requirements of the Polish law during any period of operation. This disqualifies the discussed technological solution in terms of its wide application in protected areas and near lakes, where the requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus removal are high.

High-strength wastewater treatment in a pure oxygen thermophilic process: 11-year operation and monitoring of different plant configurations

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Collivignarelli ◽  
G. Bertanza ◽  
M. Sordi ◽  
R. Pedrazzani
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Specific Biomass ◽  
Plant Monitoring ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Biological Treatability

This research was carried out on a full-scale pure oxygen thermophilic plant, operated and monitored throughout a period of 11 years. The plant treats 60,000 t y−1 (year 2013) of high-strength industrial wastewaters deriving mainly from pharmaceuticals and detergents production and landfill leachate. Three different plant configurations were consecutively adopted: (1) biological reactor + final clarifier and sludge recirculation (2002–2005); (2) biological reactor + ultrafiltration: membrane biological reactor (MBR) (2006); and (3) MBR + nanofiltration (since 2007). Progressive plant upgrading yielded a performance improvement chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was enhanced by 17% and 12% after the first and second plant modification, respectively. Moreover, COD abatement efficiency exhibited a greater stability, notwithstanding high variability of the influent load. In addition, the following relevant outcomes appeared from the plant monitoring (present configuration): up to 96% removal of nitrate and nitrite, due to denitrification; low-specific biomass production (0.092 kgVSS kgCODremoved−1), and biological treatability of residual COD under mesophilic conditions (BOD5/COD ratio = 0.25–0.50), thus showing the complementarity of the two biological processes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document