DECOLOURIZATION AND COD REMOVAL OF WASEWATER FROM ETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESS FROM MOLASSES BY COAGULANTION USING INORGANIC ALUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Trung Duc Le
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Main Material

The industrial production of ethanol by fermentation using molasses as main material that generates large quantity of wastewater. This wastewater contains high levels of colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD), that may causes serious environmental pollution. Most available treatment processes in Vietnam rely on biological methods, which often fail to treat waste water up to discharge standard. As always, it was reported that quality of treated wastewater could not meet Vietnameses discharge standard. So, it is necessary to improve the treatment efficiency of whole technological process and therefore, supplemental physico-chemical treatment step before biodegradation stage should be the appropriate choice. This study was carried out to assess the effect of coagulation process on decolourization and COD removal in molasses-based ethanol production wastewater using inorganic coaglutant under laboratory conditions. The experimental results showed that the reductions of COD and colour with the utilization of Al2(SO4)3 at pH 9.5 were 83% and 70%, respectively. Mixture FeSO4 – Al2(SO4)3 at pH 8.5 reduced 82% of colour and 70% of COD. With the addition of Polyacrylamide (PAM), the reduction efficiencies of colour, COD and turbidity by FeSO4 – Al2(SO4)3 were 87%, 73.1% and 94.1% correspondingly. It was indicated that PAM significantly reduced the turbidity of wastewater, however it virtually did not increase the efficiencies of colour and COD reduction. Furthermore, the coagulation processes using PAM usually produces a mount of sludge which is hard to be deposited.

Optimization and statistical analysis of sono-Fenton treated wastewater of food industry using reactor by response surface method

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay A. Juwar ◽  
Ajit P. Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Molar Ratio

Abstract The present study deals with the treatment of complex waste (WW) treated for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the food industry by a sono-Fenton process using a batch reactor. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the five independent variables, such as reaction time, the molar ratio of H2O2/Fe2+, volume ratio of H2O2/WW, pH of waste, and ultrasonic density on COD removal. The experimental data was optimized. The optimization yields the conditions: Reaction time of 24 min, HP:Fe molar ratio of 2.8, HP:WW volume ratio of 1.9 ml/L, pH of 3.6 and an ultrasonic density of 1.8 W/L. The predicted value of COD was 91% and the experimental result was 90%. The composite desirability value (D) of the predicted percent of COD removal at the optimized level of variables was close to one (D = 0.991).

scholarly journals Impact of Partially Treated Wastewater on Downstream Water Quality of Notwane River in Botswana

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gilbert K. Gaboutloeloe ◽  
Gugu Molokwe ◽  
Benedict Kayombo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
River Stretch ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The Impact

The impact of partially treated wastewater on the water quality of Notwane river stretch in the Gaborone region of Botswana was investigated. Water samples collected at effluent discharge point and three other sampling sites downstream were analyzed for pH, temperature, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Ammonia-nitrogen (Ammonia-N) and Nitrate-nitrogen (Nitrate-N). Sampling was conducted bi-weekly between February 2013 and April 2013. The ranges of measured parameters were:  pH (7.6-8.5), temperature (22-23ºC), BOD5 (11.2-27.0 mg/l), Ammonia-N (2.4-60.5 mg/l), Nitrate-N (20.6-28.6 mg/l). Analysis of variance, Games-Howel multiple comparisons and Pearson correlation were used to separate variable means. The results signal river non-point pollution due to runoff inflow of organics mainly from land use and domestic waste dumping by nearby dwellings. Temperature, BOD5, and pH range values were all within the Botswana Bureau of Standards (BOBS) limit while the maximum Ammonia-N and Nitrate-N were above BOBS limit by 50.5 mg/l and 6.6 mg/l, respectively. Regulations on indiscriminate waste dumping and discharge standards adherence should be enforced.

scholarly journals SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF THE ZAPADNA MORAVA RIVER WATER QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojša Đ. Pantelic ◽  
◽  
Jana S. Štrbacki ◽  
Goran Markovic ◽  
Jelena B. Popovic-Đorđevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Status ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Morava River

The water samples collected from four localities of the middle course of the Zapadna Morava River during 2020 were analyzed via the selected physico-chemical parameters with the aim to estimate the quality of surface water. According to the results of selected physico-chemical parameters (pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand), analyzed surface water show a good chemical status, while the values of nutrient content (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium ion, total phosphorus) indicated the poor chemical status especially at the locality 4 probably due to the outflow of wastewater from the city of Čačak as well as from the influence of the polluted water of the Čemernica River.

scholarly journals Oil refinery wastewater treatment in biofilm reactor followed by sand filtration aiming water reuse

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelli N. Dias ◽  
Ana C. Cerqueira ◽  
Geraldo L. Sant'Anna ◽  
Marcia Dezotti
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Oil Refinery Wastewater

Oil refinery wastewater was sequentially treated in a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and a slow-rate sand filter (SF) in order to obtain an effluent with adequate characteristics for downstream reverse osmosis (RO) operation. Experiments were conducted in bench scale units and the results showed that the MBBR was able to remove 90% chemical oxygen demand (COD), 75% NH4+, 95% phenols, operating with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 9 h. Additional removal of COD (15–40%) and ammonia (30–60%) was achieved in the slow-rate SF that was also effective for removing microorganisms. The silt density index (SDI) of the treated wastewater (4.5) was below the maximum limit recommended for RO operation. The quality of the effluent from the combined treatment system (MBBR+SF) was already adequate for cooling tower make-up. The RO produced an effluent with quality compatible with that required for use in boilers.

scholarly journals Principal Component Weighted Index for Wastewater Quality Monitoring

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Praus
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Weighted Index ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Quality Indexes ◽  
Component Scores

The quality of raw and treated wastewater was evaluated using the principal component weighted index (PCWI) which was defined as a sum of principal component scores weighted according to their eigenvalues. For this purpose, five principal components (PCs) explaining 88% and 83% of the total variability of raw and treated wastewater samples, respectively, were extracted from 11 original physico-chemical parameters by robust principal component analysis (PCA). The PCWIs of raw and treated wastewater were analyzed in terms of their statistical distributions, temporal changes, mutual correlations, correlations with original parameters, and common water quality indexes (WQI). The PCWI allowed us to monitor temporal wastewater quality by one parameter instead of several. Unlike other weighted indexes, the PCWI is composed of independent variables with minimal information noise and objectively determined weights.

Removal of Indicator Microorganisms in Wastewater Reservoir in Relation to Physico-Chemical Variables

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fattal ◽  
Y. Puyesky ◽  
G. Eitan ◽  
I. Dor
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Microbiological Indicators

Wastewater effluent in Israel was sampled in six reservoirs during different seasons. All the reservoirs were tested for biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), light transmission, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll - a, phytoplankton, Zooplankton, as well as microbiological indicators (E.coli. enterococci, heterotrophic bacteria and F+ bacteriophages). The mean reduction of COD, BOD and TSS was 72%, 76% and 45%, respectively and the mean levels at the entrances to the reservoirs were 380 mg/l, 230 mg/l, and 265 mg/l, respectively. The percent reduction of the various microorganisms tested at the entrance to the reservoir and in the reservoir itself ranged between 83.2% and 99.98%. Significant correlation coefficients were found between the concentrations of the various microbiological indicators tested, as well as between the number of indicator microorganisms and pollution parameters (BOD, COD and TSS). A good correlation was found between BOD vs. COD, BOD vs. TSS, and TSS vs. COD. From this preliminary study it may be concluded that a) storage of wastewater in the reservoirs improves the quality of the effluent, and b) changes in physico-chemical parameters and the concentration of enteric microorganisms are significantly correlated.

scholarly journals Effects of Treated Wastewater on Vegetative Growth and Pigmentation of Forage Crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Paul ◽  
Veerabhadraswamy AL
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Alternative Resource

Abstract Purpose: The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the possibility of whether treated wastewater from industrial units could safely be used to irrigate crop plants and solve the problem of liquid effluent disposal in an eco-friendly manner. Methods: In this study select to evaluate the effects of effluents of textile, pharmaceutical and granite industry and on the germination (early growth) of selected forage crops like Sorghum bicolor, Pennisetum typhoideum and Hordeum vulgare. The present investigation involves the analysis of soil, water and plant analysis like chlorophyll, cartorenoids and growth. Results: The results revealed that pH, EC and chlorides and several other parameters were within the usual range of water used for irrigation purposes. The percentage of germination and vigor index was maximum for bajra and barley. The physico-chemical parameters of soil and wastewater were found to be within the usual range of tolerance limits for the industrial effluent on land prescribed by BIS except for TSS and hardness in some samples. The germination percentage and vigor index of jowar, bajra and barley were higher in granite industry water samples. The plant length of all crop samples had significant heights in all the samples. The total chlorophyll and carotenoid content were also found to be significant amounts in the leaf samples of all the crops grown in different water samples. Conclusion: Treated wastewater can be a prospective source of organic matter and nutrients that could increase the quality of soil, thus may be a beneficial alternative resource to freshwater for irrigation purposes in the offseason. Hence there are great possibilities for growing highly profitable forage crops using treated wastewater in the offseason.

scholarly journals RECYCLING OF WASTE SLUDGE FROM WWTP "GORIĆ" VALJEVO USING THE PROCESS OF STABILIZATION AND SOLIDIFICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Đeković-Šević ◽  
Zoranka Malešević ◽  
Mirjana Jovović
Keyword(s):  
Solidification Process ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hydrophobic Salts

The efficiency of wastewater treatment is not only measured by the quality of treated wastewater, but also by the efficiency of treatment and permanent disposal of sludge that is separated. In addition to harmless, the sludge also contains hazardous substances that are released from wastewater during treatment. This work aims to obtain a neutral and harmless product by treating waste sludge with a stabilization and solidification process using modified MID-MIX technology. Physico-chemical analysis has shown that the obtained solidification or neutral, completely inert material, which has a use-value, can be safely disposed of in a sanitary landfill following EU (European Union) regulations. In terms of chemical composition, it is a mixture of crystal-bound organo-calcium, hydrophobic salts with a low moisture content of 5.8%. The results show that the method is the most environmentally friendly and most economical for the treatment of sludge, which can be applied to other types of waste with minor modifications.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of water quality of the Karra River, Hetauda, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Sadhana Pradhanang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Region

The assessment of water quality of Karra River in Hetauda, Nepal was carried out by determining the changes in the concentration levels of eight physico-chemical parameters (pH, Electric conductivity (EC), bicarbonate, dissolved oxygen (DO), silica, chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate and nitrate). The samples were collected from upstream, industrial belt and downstream of the Karra River. The Karra River is the dumping ground for industrial effluents of Hetauda industrial district (HID). On analysis, the concentrations of most of the physico-chemicals parameters were found to be above the prescribed limits for industrial wastewater into inland surface waters. Dissolved Oxygen was found to be in the range of 0.49- 8.47 mg/L while COD, nitrate and phosphate were recorded in the range of 8.3-367 mg/L, 0.35- 78.22 mg/L and 0.01-1.64 mg/L, respectively. Concentrations of most of these parameters were within the prescribed limits in the samples collected from upstream and downstream, revealing the river still in good condition at these points indicating less human interference at the head water region and good self-purification capacity at downstream. However the concentrations of the pollutants’ parameters are higher at the sample points just after effluent discharge.Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology, Vol. 8(1) p.58-65

scholarly journals Assessment of Quality of Ground Water Body of Neelangarai and Triplicane Area in Chennai, Tamil Nadu in The Post Inundation Circumstances

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rajendran ◽  
C. Mansiya ◽  
M. Shanmuganathan
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract Although flood hit the entire part of Chennai, Tamil nadu some three years ago, the quality of water is still found to be worse because of major inundation in these areas. The current inspection deals with the physico-chemical analysis of the ground water samples collected from ten locations in Neelangarai and Triplicane area in Chennai, Tamil Nadu and assessed using Heber Water Quality Index (HWQI) in the post tsunami circumstances. The factors examined were pH, fecal coliform, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and turbidity. In addition to these parameters, pointers like electrical conductivity and salinity were also taken into consideration. The over all HWQI outcomes for all the trials in Neelangarai area were determined between 65.02 and 72.25 and Triplicane area was 66.64 - 70.71, which suggest that all the samples are medium to good in quality and could used for human consumption.

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