scholarly journals System for controlled distribution of non-demand-covering water availability: concept, design and modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Walter ◽  
Philipp Klingel
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
System Input

Abstract This paper presents a novel water supply system to distribute limited water resources with varying quantity. The system enables a controlled, planned and, thus, fair distribution of the water availability independently from the consumption patterns. The system input is transported by gravitation through a branched pipe system to decentralised storage tanks. Each storage tank is allocated to a supply unit which comprises several consumers and, possibly, distribution structures connecting the consumers and the tank. At every junction the water is divided by a distribution tank with several chambers that are separated by weir overflows. Water that is not consumed is redistributed in the system automatically. The concept, the components, planning criteria and system design as well as the system modelling are described within the paper. The application of the solution in a supply area located in northern Vietnam is outlined.

scholarly journals The effect of household storage tanks/vessels and user practices on the quality of water: a systematic review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Manga ◽  
Timothy G. Ngobi ◽  
Lawrence Okeny ◽  
Pamela Acheng ◽  
Hidaya Namakula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Water Storage Tank ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Vessel Material

Abstract Background Household water storage remains a necessity in many communities worldwide, especially in the developing countries. Water storage often using tanks/vessels is envisaged to be a source of water contamination, along with related user practices. Several studies have investigated this phenomenon, albeit in isolation. This study aimed at developing a systematic review, focusing on the impacts of water storage tank/vessel features and user practices on water quality. Methods Database searches for relevant peer-reviewed papers and grey literature were done. A systematic criterion was set for the selection of publications and after scrutinizing 1106 records, 24 were selected. These were further subjected to a quality appraisal, and data was extracted from them to complete the review. Results and discussion Microbiological and physicochemical parameters were the basis for measuring water quality in storage tanks or vessels. Water storage tank/vessel material and retention time had the highest effect on stored water quality along with age, colour, design, and location. Water storage tank/vessel cleaning and hygiene practices like tank/vessel covering were the user practices most investigated by researchers in the literature reviewed and they were seen to have an impact on stored water quality. Conclusions There is evidence in the literature that storage tanks/vessels, and user practices affect water quality. Little is known about the optimal tank/vessel cleaning frequency to ensure safe drinking water quality. More research is required to conclusively determine the best matrix of tank/vessel features and user practices to ensure good water quality.

scholarly journals Optimal Sizing of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting Tanks for Sustainable Domestic Water Use in the West Bank, Palestine

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Sameer Shadeed ◽  
Sandy Alawna
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
The West ◽  
Average Family ◽  
Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting

In highly water-poor areas, rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) can be used for a self-sustaining and self-reliant domestic water supply. The designing of an optimal RRWH storage tank is a key parameter to implement a reliable RRWH system. In this study, the optimal size of RRWH storage tanks in the different West Bank governorates was estimated based on monthly (all governorates) and daily (i.e., Nablus) inflow (RRWH) and outflow (domestic water demand, DWD) data. In the estimation of RRWH, five rooftop areas varying between 100 m2 and 300 m2 were selected. Moreover, the reliability of the adopting RRWH system in the different West Bank governorates was tested. Two-time series scenarios were assumed: Scenario 1, S1 (12 months, annual) and scenario 2, S2 (8 months, rainy). As a result, reliable curves for preliminary estimation of optimal RRWH storage tanks for the different West Bank governorates were obtained. Results show that the required storage tank for S1 (annual) is more than that of the S2 (rainy) one. The required storage tank to fulfill DWD is based on the average rooftop area of 150 m2, the average family members of 4.8, and the average DWD of 90 L per capita per day (L/c/d) varies between (75 m3 to 136 m3) and (24 m3 to 84 m3) for S2 for the different West Bank governorates. Further, it is found that the optimal RRWH tank size for the 150 m2 rooftop ranges between 20 m3 (in Jericho) to 75 m3 (in Salfit and Nablus) and between 20 m3 (in Jericho) to 51 m3 (in Jerusalem) for S1 and S2 scenarios, respectively. Finally, results show that the implementation of an RRWH system for a rooftop area of 150 m2 and family members of 4.8 is reliable for all of the West Bank governorates except Jericho. Whereas, the reliability doesn’t exceed 19% for the two scenarios. However, the reduction of DWDv is highly affecting the reliability of adopting RRWH systems in Jericho (the least rainfall governorate). For instance, a family DWDv of 3.2 m3/month (25% of the average family DWDv in the West Bank) will increase the reliability at a rooftop area of 150 m2 to 51% and 76% for S1 and S2, respectively.

Application of data-driven methods for energy system modelling demonstrated on an adaptive cooling supply system

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 120894
Author(s):  
Thomas Schreiber ◽  
Christoph Netsch ◽  
Sören Eschweiler ◽  
Tianyuan Wang ◽  
Thomas Storek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
System Modelling

Floating Roof Influence on Seismic Response of Large Vertical Storage Tank

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 1399-1402
Author(s):  
Ying Sun ◽  
Jian Gang Sun ◽  
Li Fu Cui
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Base Shear ◽  
The Impact

To study the impact of floating roof on seismic response of vertical storage tank structure system subjected to seismic excitation, select 150000m3 storage tanks as research object, and the finite element analysis model of storage tanks with and without floating roof were established respectively. The seismic response of these two types of structure in different site conditions and seismic intensity were calculated and the numerical solutions were compared. The results show that floating roof has little impact on base shear and base moment in different site conditions and seismic intensity. Floating roof can effectively reduce the sloshing wave height. The influence of floating roof on dynamic fluid pressure decreases with the increase of seismic intensity, which is less affected by ground conditions.

scholarly journals Seasonality and criteria for concession of water in the Ivinhema basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e1969108391
Author(s):  
Fabiane Kazue Arai ◽  
Diovany Doffinger Ramos ◽  
Hugo Justino Inocêncio ◽  
Felipe André dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Reference Flow ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
Growth Economic

Global demand for water has been increasing per year due to population growth, economic development, and changes in consumption patterns, among other factors. This increase in water demand is expected to continue in the next decades. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of different criteria to grant the use of water from the Ivinhema river basin, Brazil. Monthly periods were compared to annual periods to calculate the reference flows Q7,10 and Q95. The relative differences in water availability using different reference flow rates for water concession were quantified. The replacement of the annual criteria (standard in Brazil) for water concession by 50% of monthly Q7,10 and 70% of monthly Q95 can potentially increase the use and improve the management of water resources. The best criteria to award grants is the monthly Q7,10, which despite being more restrictive, it allows higher flow rates when there is excess water, and lower rates in the months of low water availability.

scholarly journals Research solutions technical - water technology to reduce the water loss for water supply system of Hochiminh city

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Tuan Anh Vo
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Pipe Line

The HCMC water supply system have built from the French Colonial period, and developed without planning and systematic study during the war time. In the beginning, this system used for the small town Saigon- Gia Dinh. Today, the capacity of water supply system is 1,85 million m3/day and will increase up to 2,5 million in next few year and up to 4-5 million m3/day according with the HCMC water supply system planning approved by Government. The climate change issues, salt water lever increase, polution... affect directly into the raw water resource of the existing and future water treatment plant. Beside that, the big size water supply transmission pipe line and the distribution water supply system of 06 hydrolique zone in HCMC damaged according with time : bad quality and No- update information of pipe system… It bring the real water loss level in HCMC so high up to 40% - 50% .The acceptable technologies & techniques solution to find the leak, optimal management for the water supply system to reduce the water loss is extremely essential, to support the clean water resources for the sustainable development of the HCM City.

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