scholarly journals Investigating the presence of enteric bacteria and their antibiotic resistance in drinking water samples of slum households in Port City Chattogram, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidratun Nur Chowdhury ◽  
Nazifa Rafa ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Nazim Uddin ◽  
A. K. M. Moniruzzaman Mollah
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Port City ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Unsafe Water

Abstract Globally, unsafe water supplies due to contamination with fecal coliforms are major issues in urban slums. To determine the presence of microbial risk, water samples were collected from three slums in the port city Chattogram and the most probable number (MPN) method was used to test for the presence of fecal coliform. All of the samples tested positive by the MPN test. The highest count was 1,100 MPN/100 mL and the lowest count was 7.2 MPN/100 mL. Water stored in containers was prone to being more contaminated than water collected directly from the source. To understand the antibiotic resistivity of the coliform bacteria isolated from the water samples, antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer disc method for six antibiotics. All the bacteria were 100% resistant to penicillin-G and ampicillin, and 91.7% showed resistance to amoxicillin and mecillinam. An integrated approach to water, sanitation, and hygiene education must be undertaken when providing sustainable interventions in slums.

scholarly journals Bacteriological quality of water in private wells and boreholes in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Adi Agyo ◽  
Raph Agbo Ofukwu ◽  
Anthony Ekle J. Okoh ◽  
Charity A. Agada
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Private Wells

Aim: This study aimed at examined the presence of coliform bacteria in private wells and boreholes (BH) in peri-urban areas of Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria, using the approaches of most probable number (MPN) index and coliform count. Materials and Methods: Seven hundred and sixty-eight water samples were randomly collected during a 1-year period from non-cased wells, burn brick cased wells (BBW), concrete cased wells, and BH in four locations; A, B, C, and D during the wet and dry seasons. One liter of water was obtained from each well at every visit to the four sites, and eight water samples were collected from each visit. The samples were analyzed using multiple tube fermentation methods and pour plate techniques to determine the MPN of coliform/100 ml of water, reading from the MPN statistics table. Results: One-way analysis of variance statistics was applied using Duncan's new multiple range test to separate the means where there was a significant difference. The result revealed that the MPN index and total coliform counts in all the wells in the locations were above the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit for potable water. The highest MPN index of 54.807 was recorded in Location A and followed by 42.679 in Location B. The MPN index in Locations C and D was 36.740 and 30.943, respectively. There was significantly (p=0.000) higher total coliform count in the wet season (41.48±7.09) than in the dry season (38.33±2.83). Conclusion: This study shows the presence of coliform bacteria isolates in all the wells and BH that exceeded the WHO permissible limits for drinking water. The water from these sources is unsafe for drinking except after dosing with appropriate germicides. Sensitization of the population on the actions they can take to make the water safe for domestic use is suggested.

scholarly journals Kualitas Sumber Air Minum Masyarakat Kampung Yokiwa Distrik Sentani Timur Secara Bakteriologis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Ima F. Patasik ◽  
Daniel Lantang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Number Series ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Biology Laboratory

The aim of this study was to observe the presence of coliform bacteria and the level of contamination in outlet water of Sentani lake, especially in Jaifuri river. The study was done from Januari-April 2009 in 3 sampling areas: outlet of the lake (A), in between outlet and the river (B), and in Jaifuri river (C). Samples then be analized in Biology Laboratory, FMIPA University of Cenderawasih using MPN (Most Probable Number) series 3-3-3. Furthermore, the result then compared with the quality standard of dringking water (Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No 416/MENKES/PER/IX1990). The result showed that coliform of sample A was 9.300 MPN/ 100 ml, sample B was 4.300 MPN/100 ml and sample C was 24.000 MPN/ 100 ml. That condition was above the maximum level of contamination of dringking water (0/100 ml). In addition, the biochemical test showed that Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were found in that water samples.  Key words: Coliform, Escherichia coli, outlet of Sentani lake, Jaifuri river, East Sentani. 

scholarly journals Qualitative analysis of drinking water through the most probable number (MPN) method

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnia Ahmed ◽  
Sagar Baidya ◽  
Mrityunjoy Acharjee ◽  
Tasmina Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Unsafe Water

Water borne disease outbreaks associated with the drinking of unsafe water, containing pathogenic bacteria of fecal origin, is common in densely populated countries like Bangladesh. Present study was attempted to detect indicator bacteria from drinking water samples for the presumptive occurrence of fecal contaminations that are responsible for health associated problems. Therefore, a laboratory scale qualitative analysis through most probable number (MPN) method was employed. The indicator bacterium Escherichia coli were detected in 24 water samples out of 75 samples as revealed consequently by the presumptive, confirmed and completed tests of MPN method. Other Gram negative bacteria found in the samples included Alcaligenes faecalis, Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp. and Proteus spp. Almost all of the identified bacteria showed resistance against commonly used antibiotics which is of significant health concern. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v3i1.22745 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.3(1) 2013: 9-16

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF HYDRIC RESOURCES PROVIDED BY THE TIETÊ RIVER, DISTRICT OF VITORIANA, BOTUCATU, SP, BRAZIL

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
T.A.F. Corrêa ◽  
V.L.M. Rall ◽  
M.G. Silva ◽  
C.A.M. Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Tietê River ◽  
Recreational Use

ABSTRACT Water, fundamental to the existence of mankind, demands the attention of competent authorities since its contamination could become a vehicle for transmission of infectious diseases. Thus the present work aimed to investigate the presence of fecal and total coliforms in water samples taken from wells, a lake and both the margin and channel of the Tiete River, Barra Bonita Dam, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. The necessity of investigation arose by virtue of a high gastrenteritis index detected in the population that utilizes these hydric resources. The most probable number (MPN) of fecal and total coliforms was determined for 168 water samples through the method of multiple tubes. The results showed that only 42% of the samples collected in 4 wells investigated were considered of good quality for human consumption, by not presenting fecal coliforms in 100 mL of water, according to Decree Nº 518 de 25/103/2004. Regarding suitability for bathing/recreational use, according to CONAMA Resolution 357 of 17/03/2005, it was observed that in the locations investigated, only 10% of the samples analyzed were considered inappropriate for bathing and 90% of the remainder were considered satisfactory.

scholarly journals DETEKSI BAKTERI Escherichia coli DALAM AIR MINUM ISI ULANG YANG DISTERILISASI ULTRAVIOLET DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN JAGAKARSA

Jurnal BIOMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Rezki Rachmawati ◽  
Muzajjanah Muzajjanah ◽  
Yoswita Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Coliform Bacterium ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biological Contamination ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Refill Water Depot is currently more widely circulated and used as an alternative drinking water supply by the public. However the still unclear about the quality of the drinking water refill generated primarily of biological content. Parameters of biological contamination in drinking water caused by the Escherichia coli and coliform bacterium. This study aims to identify E. coli and coliforms in drinking water refill. Refill drinking water samples obtained from 16 drinking water refill from Jagakarsa subdsitrict. The method used is descriptive. Refill drinking water samples was taken and tested in the MPN (Most Probable Number) method and then to be tested in identification of E. coli. The results of testing the drinking water refill obtained 15 samples positive for coliform bacteria. Samples were positive for E. coli bacteria that sample B.1 and F.2.

Evaluation of Ice Slurries as a Control for Postharvest Growth of Vibrio spp. in Oysters and Potential for Filth Contamination

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1375-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
KERI ANN LYDON ◽  
MELISSA FARRELL-EVANS ◽  
JESSICA L. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Route Of Exposure ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Vibrio Spp

Raw oyster consumption is the most common route of exposure for Vibrio spp. infections in humans. Vibriosis has been increasing steadily in the United States despite efforts to reduce the incidence of the disease. Research has demonstrated that ice is effective in reducing postharvest Vibrio spp. growth in oysters but has raised concerns of possible contamination of oyster meat by filth (as indicated by the presence of fecal coliform bacteria or Clostridium perfringens). This study examined the use of ice slurries (<4.5°C) to reduce Vibrio growth. Ice slurries showed rapid internal cooling of oysters, from 23.9°C (75°F) to 10°C (50°F) within 12 min. The initial bacterial loads in the ice slurry waters were near the limits of detection. Following repeated dipping of oysters into ice slurries, water samples exhibited significant (P < 0.05) increases in median levels of fecal coliforms (9.5 most probable number [MPN]/100 ml), C. perfringens (280 MPN/100 ml), Vibrio vulnificus (11,250 MPN/ml), and total Vibrio parahaemolyticus (3,900 MPN/ml). The microbial load in oyster meat, however, was unchanged after 15 min of submergence, with no significant differences (P < 0.05) in levels of filth indicator (range, 250 to 720 MPN/100 g) or Vibrio spp. (range, 9,000 to 20,000 MPN/g) bacteria. These results support the use of ice slurries as a postharvest application for rapid cooling of oysters to minimize Vibrio growth.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of drinking water of urban and rural communities, Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Nogueira ◽  
Celso V Nakamura ◽  
Maria CB Tognim ◽  
Benício A Abreu Filho ◽  
Benedito P Dias Filho
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Untreated Water

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the microbiological quality of treated and untreated water samples came from urban and rural communities and to examine the relationship between coliforms occurrence and average water temperature, and a comparison of the rainfall levels. METHODS: A sample of 3,073 untreated and treated (chlorinated) water from taps (1,594), reservoir used to store treated water (1,033), spring water (96) and private well (350) collected for routine testing between 1996 and 1999 was analyzed by the multiple dilution tube methods used to detect the most probable number of total and fecal coliforms. These samples were obtained in the region of Maringá, state of Paraná, Brazil. RESULTS: The highest numbers water samples contaminated by TC (83%) and FC (48%) were found in the untreated water. TC and FC in samples taken from reservoirs used to store treated water was higher than that from taps midway along distribution lines. Among the treated water samples examined, coliform bacteria were found in 171 of the 1,033 sampling reservoirs. CONCLUSIONS: Insufficient treatment or regrowth is suggested by the observation that more than 17% of these treated potable water contained coliform. TC and FC positive samples appear to be similar and seasonally influenced in treated water. Two different periods must be considered for the occurrence of both TC and FC positive samples: (i) a warm-weather period (September-March) with high percentage of contaminated samples; and (ii) cold-weather period (April-August) were they are lower. Both TC and TF positive samples declined with the decreased of water temperature.

scholarly journals Assessment of microbiological and physico-chemical characterıstics of water samples in households of Bangalore city, Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessen George ◽  
Siri Karthiyayani Nagaraja ◽  
Ajisha A.
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Bangalore City ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract Access to safe drinking water is one of the basic human rights and is essential to human health. The present study investigated the concentration of pathogenic microbial flora and health risk in drinking water samples in households of Bangalore city, Karnataka, India. The samples were analysed for microbiological and physico-chemical parameters. In this study, most probable number and heterotrophic plate count were used to assess the microbial load. The results of the study show that most of the household water samples were contaminated with the presence of coliform bacteria. The dominant bacterial species are Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella and Enterobacter. The bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae showed maximum occurrence in water samples. The overall results of the study showed that the consumption of such contaminated drinking water at the end-user point may cause potential health hazards to the inhabitants.

scholarly journals The origin of bacterial contamination in AL-Habania reservoir in Iraq

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Fecal Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Streptococci ◽  
Faecal Streptococci

Bacterial contamination of AL-Habania reservoir was studied during the period from February 2005 to January 2006; samples were collected from four stations (AL-Warrar, AL-Theban regulator, middle of the reservoir and the fourth was towards AL-Razzaza reservoir). Coliform bacteria, faecal Coliforms, Streptococci, and faecal Streptococci were used as parameters of bacterial contamination in waters through calculating the most probable number. Highest count of Coliform bacteria (1500 cell/100ml) was recorded at AL-Razaza during August, and the lowest count was less than (300 cell/100ml) in the rest of the collection stations for all months. Fecal Coliform bacteria ranged between less than 300 cells/100ml in all stations for all months to 700 cell/100ml in AL-Warrar, AL-Razaza and in the middle of the reservoir stations during August. Streptococci bacteria count ranged between less than 300 cell/100ml to 700 cell/100ml as a highest record in AL-Razaza station during August for both. The ratio between fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci (FC: FS) was detected to determined the origin of the pollution in the reservoir depending on Geldrich statistical law in this research, the ratio ranged between (1) to (2.3).

scholarly journals Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia coli dalam Air Minum Galon pada Kantin yang ada di Universitas Andalas Padang

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rayhan Braja Gitawama ◽  
Netti Suharti ◽  
Nora Harminarti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Agency ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

The National Food and Drug Agency has controlled the refill drinking water in drinking water depots and also controlled food at school canteens ranging from elementary, junior high, to high school, but the National Food and Drug Agency never do food quality controlling in canteens at universities. Objectives: To identified the contamination by coliform and E. coli bacteria in drinking water at Andalas University canteen. Methods: This research was descriptive to identify coliform bacteria on  15 drinking water at the Andalas University faculty canteens.  Samples were taken directly using a sterile bottle, while data analysis using Most Probable Number  (MPN)  tables 5-1-1 and the presence of E. coli bacteria colonies from drinking water samples. Results: 9 of 15 water samples were contaminated by coliform bacteria with the highest MPN index of 240/100 ml that was found in 2 samples. From 9 samples containing coliform bacteria, all of them were found to contain E. coli bacteria. Conclusion: Most of the samples were contaminated by coliform and E. coli bacteria. Drinking water served using a kettle was more contaminated than drinking water served using gallons.Keywords: Coliform, Escherichia coli, MPN

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