scholarly journals Perception welfare assessment of water reuse in competitive categories

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1525-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Zabala ◽  
Mª Dolores de Miguel ◽  
José M. Martínez-Paz ◽  
Francisco Alcon
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Heterogeneous Preferences ◽  
Welfare Impact ◽  
Welfare Impacts ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Reuse Options

Abstract The supply of reclaimed water to ecosystems increases their ecosystem service flows, which is directly translated into terms of social welfare. This study explores the factors that determine the different perceptions of the welfare impact of supplying reclaimed water to different, and competitive, ecosystems in the Segura River Basin (southern Spain): specifically, an agroecosystem (agricultural irrigation) and a river (higher river flow). The results of a contingent valuation exercise with the population of the Murcia Region show four different groups of respondents, depending on their willingness to pay (WTP) preferences. The factors that identify differences among welfare impacts are the age, the gender, the education level, the monthly income, the nearness of the household to the river, and, above all, the degree of satisfaction with funding of water reclamation. This study broadens our knowledge of individuals' heterogeneous preferences in water reuse options, which is crucial for policy makers in the development of socially accepted and sustainable water resource management strategies.

scholarly journals Regional Response to Global Warming: Water Temperature Trends in Semi-Natural Mountain River Systems

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Kędra
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Mountain River ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Temperature Trends

River water temperature (TW) is a key environmental factor that determines the quality of the fluvial environment and its suitability for aquatic organisms. Atmospheric warming, accompanied by more frequent extreme weather phenomena, especially heat waves and prolonged drought, may pose a serious threat to the river environment and native river ecosystems. Therefore, reliable and up-to-date information on current and anticipated changes in river flow and thermal conditions is necessary for adaptive water resource management and planning. This study focuses on semi-natural mountain river systems to reliably assess the magnitude of water temperature change in the Polish Carpathians in response to climatic warming. The Mann–Kendall test was used to detect trends in water temperature series covering the last 35 years (1984–2018). Significant, rising trends in annual water temperature were found for all studied sites, with differences in intensity (0.33–0.92 °C per decade). Trends in TW were strongest in summer and autumn (0.75–1.17 and 0.51–1.08 °C per decade), strong trends were found in spring (0.82–0.95 °C per decade), and weaker in winter (0.25–0.29 °C per decade). Simultaneous air temperature trends were broadly consistent with water temperature trends. This indicates the urgent need for adaptive management strategies to counteract thermal degradation of the fluvial environment under study.

Reclaimed water reuse in the Mediterranean region: some considerations on water resources, standards and bacterial re-growth phenomena

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nurizzo
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Reuse Options ◽  
Economical Feasibility

Problems related to wastewater reclamation and reuse in the countries of the Mediterranean region are discussed with reference to growing conflicts among agriculture, tourism, cities and industries. All reuse options are strongly influenced by requested water quality, especially the microbiological one, and for this reason standards for reclaimed water have to be fixed having in mind both the safety of reuse and its practical and economical feasibility. The paper will discuss, as an example of a type of approach, also the regulations' evolution with reference to the Italian situation. Some considerations on the feasibility of current indicator bacteria will be done, making reference also to the bacterial re-growth potential associated with various disinfection agents and to the applicability of advanced methods capable to individuate partially damaged cells and therefore useful to a better evaluation of the possible re-growth phenomena.

scholarly journals Water reuse for irrigated agriculture in Jordan: challenges of soil sustainability and the role of management strategies

2010 ◽  
Vol 368 (1931) ◽  
pp. 5315-5321 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Carr ◽  
S. Nortcliff ◽  
R. B. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Soil Sustainability

Reclaimed water provides an important contribution to the water balance in water-scarce Jordan, but the quality of this water presents both benefits and challenges. Careful management of reclaimed water is required to maximize the nutrient benefits while minimizing the salinity risks. This work uses a multi-disciplinary research approach to show that soil response to irrigation with reclaimed water is a function of the management strategies adopted on the farm by the water user. The adoption of management methods to maintain soil productivity can be seen to be a result of farmers’ awareness to potentially plant-toxic ions in the irrigation water (70% of Jordan Valley farmers identified salinization as a hazard from irrigation with reclaimed water). However, the work also suggests that farmers’ management capacity is affected by the institutional management of water. About a third (35%) of farmers in the Jordan Valley claimed that their ability to manage salinization was limited by water shortages. Organizational interviews revealed that institutional awareness of soil management challenges was quite high (34% of interviewees described salinization as a risk from water reuse), but strategies to address this challenge at the institutional level require greater development.

scholarly journals Public Perceptions On Water Reuse Options: The Case Of Sulaibiya Wastewater Treatment Plant In Kuwait

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasem M. Alhumoud ◽  
David Madzikanda
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Reuse Options ◽  
Willingness To Use

The main sources of water in Kuwait are seawater desalination and groundwater. Reclaimed wastewater effluent could be an additional water source. Its use would reduce the volumes of recycled water being disposed of to the environment and it could reduce the demand for fresh water supplies. The results of a questionnaire survey of more than 1,500 random households residing in 64 districts in Metropolitan Kuwait are presented. The frequency distribution of the education level, knowledge of wastewater reuse, age, nationality and gender of the sample population are presented. In addition, we have presented the results of a survey of attitudes amongst residents of their willingness to use reclaimed water for a variety of purposes. The research analyzes the costs and benefits of using reclaimed water. The study concludes with useful recommendations for both the authorities and the citizens of Kuwait.

Water reuse for irrigation in Jordan: plant beneficial nutrients, farmers’ awareness and management strategies

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Carr ◽  
S. Nortcliff ◽  
R. B. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Reuse Of Treated Wastewater ◽  
Inorganic Fertilisers

The reuse of treated wastewater (reclaimed water) is particularly well suited for irrigated agriculture as it often contains significant quantities of plant essential nutrients. This work has shown that reclaimed water in Jordan can have adequate concentrations of potassium, phosphate, sulphate and magnesium to meet all or part of the crop’s requirements. To fully benefit from these inputs farmers must have an awareness of the water quality and reduce the application of inorganic fertilisers accordingly. Interviews with farmers have shown that 75 per cent of farmers indirectly using reclaimed water are aware of the nutrients. Farmers’ decision making as to the application of inorganic fertilisers appears to be influenced by a range of factors which include the type of crops being cultivated, the provision of training on nutrient management and the availability of information on the nutrient content of the reclaimed water.

Economic considerations and decision support tool for wastewater reuse scheme planning

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hochstrat ◽  
D. Joksimovic ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
T. Melin ◽  
D. Savic
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Economic Considerations

The reuse of upgraded wastewater for beneficial uses is increasingly adopted and accepted as a tool in water management. However, funding of schemes is still a critical issue. The focus of this paper is on economic considerations of water reuse planning. A survey of pricing mechanisms for reclaimed water revealed that most schemes are subsidised to a great extent. In order to minimise these state contributions to the implementation and operation of reuse projects, their planning should identify a least cost design option. This also has to take into account the established pricing structure for conventional water resources and the possibility of gaining revenues from reclaimed water pricing. The paper presents a case study which takes into account these aspects. It evaluates different scheme designs with regard to their Net Present Value (NPV). It could be demonstrated that for the same charging level, quite different amounts of reclaimed water can be delivered while still producing an overall positive NPV. Moreover, the economic feasibility and competitiveness of a reuse scheme is highly determined by the cost structure of the conventional water market.

scholarly journals Regulatory Challenges for the Use of Reclaimed Water in Mexico: A Case Study in Baja California

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Gilabert-Alarcón ◽  
Saúl Salgado-Méndez ◽  
Luis Daesslé ◽  
Leopoldo Mendoza-Espinosa ◽  
Mariana Villada-Canela
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Study Results

In Mexico, water planning is based on the National Water Law, the core of which is Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). The municipality provides wastewater treatment and reuse, and an integrated approach is mandatory for these processes. However, a traditional (non-integrated) management regime has prevailed in water legislation, resulting in pollution and the inefficient use of water. The objectives of this research were to analyze the Mexican legal framework and international guidelines in the use of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation and environmental discharges, and to evaluate challenges facing reclaimed water in the Maneadero Valley, Baja California, as a case study. Results show that wastewater reuse was implemented in the absence of integrative planning and assessment of the potential impacts on the environment and public health. In addition, gaps between decisions linked to the legal attributes of the relevant institutions were identified. Defined roles across the three levels of authority, transparent and congruent funding, coherent water-quality requirements and the strengthening of stakeholder participation are needed to adopt integrated water resource management for reclaimed water use. The alignment of common goals on public health, environmental protection and agricultural development between authorities and the different sectors is crucial to bridge these challenges.

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