Development of evaluation methods to introduce a nanofiltration membrane process in drinking water treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ohgai ◽  
Y. Oguchi ◽  
K. Ohno ◽  
T. Kamei ◽  
Y. Magara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Membrane Process

The objective of this study was to develop a new prediction method for evaluating performance of full-scale nanofiltration (NF) pilot plant by using small-scale pilot plants. Operating experiments using both multistage array pilot plant and two small-scale pilot plants in parallel had been conducted for about a year. From this experiment, it was revealed that data obtained from small-scale pilot plants could predict the performance of multistage pilot plant from the viewpoint of flux and rejection. In other words, both permeate water quantity of multistage pilot plant without noticeable fouling caused by aluminium from coagulant and permeate water quality of multistage pilot plant could be estimated.

scholarly journals Small-scale drinking water treatment unit of filtration and UV disinfection for remote area

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 2106-2118
Author(s):  
Kassim Chabi ◽  
Jie Zeng ◽  
Lizheng Guo ◽  
Xi Li ◽  
Chengsong Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Remote Areas

Abstract People in remote areas are still drinking surface water that may contain certain pollutants including harmful microorganisms and chemical compounds directly without any pretreatment. In this study, we have designed and operated a pilot-scale drinking water treatment unit as part of our aim to find an economic and easily operable technology for providing drinking water to people in those areas. Our small-scale treatment unit contains filtration and disinfection (UV–C irradiation) stages to remove pollutants from source water. The water quality index was determined based on various parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon and bacteria. Water and media samples after DNA extraction were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq throughput sequencing for the determination of bacterial community composition. After the raw water treatment, the reduction of bacteria concentration ranged from 1 to 2 log10. The average removal of the turbidity, ammonium, nitrite, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon reached up to 95.33%, 85.71%, 100%, 28.57%, and 45%, respectively. In conclusion, multiple biological stages in our designed unit showed an improvement of the drinking water quality. The designed drinking treatment unit produces potable water meeting standards at a lower cost of operation and it can be used in remote areas.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in Cauvery Delta Region and Palar Region, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
R. Sophia Porchelvi ◽  
P. Selvavathi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Cauvery Delta

Delta regions of the Cauvery River basin are one of the significant areas of rice production in India. In spite of large-scale utilization of the river basin for irrigation and drinking purposes, the lack of appropriate water management has seemingly deteriorated the water quality due to increasing anthropogenic activities. Vellore is the second most populous district of Tamil Nadu in India where the Palar River flowing towards east for about 295 Km. Vellore is surrounded by many leather tanneries and small scale dying industries and their effluents are discharged into the Palar river causing impact on the quality of the underground water. To assess the extent of deterioration, physicochemical characteristics of surface water were analyzed select regions of Cauvery Delta River basin and Palar region, Tamil Nadu, during March 2016 to May 2016. This study aimed to examine quality of drinking groundwater. The results represented whether the water was suitable or unsuitable for drinking purposes in this area. It was also observed that some areas like Tiruvarur, Needamangalam, Kamalapuram, Arcot, Soraiyur, Ranipet had low quality drinking water. It is suggested to take some necessary measures for supplying desirable water to the people living in these areas.

scholarly journals Long-Term Drinking Water Quality Assessment Using Index and Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Three Water Treatment Plants of Erbil City, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Hayder Mohammed Issa ◽  
Reem Ahmed Alrwai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Safe source of drinking water is always considered as an essential factor in water supply for cities and urban areas. As a part of this issue, drinking water quality is monitored via a useful scheme: developing drinking water quality index DWQI. DWQI is preferably used as it summarizes the whole physicochemical and bacteriological properties of a drinking water sample into a single and simple term. In this study, an evaluation was made for three drinking water treatment plants DWTPs named: Efraz 1, Efraz 2 and Efraz 3 that supply drinking water to Erbil City. The assessment was made by testing thirteen physicochemical and two bacteriological parameters during a long period of (2003 – 2017). It has been found that turbidity, electrical conductivity EC, total alkalinity, total hardness, total coliform and fecal coliform have more influence on drinking water quality. DWQI results showed that the quality of drinking water supplied by the three DWTPs in Erbil City fallen within good level. Except various occasional periods where the quality was varying from good to fair. The quality of the drinking water supply never reached the level of marginal or poor over the time investigated. The applied hierarchical clustering analysis HCA classifies the drinking water dataset into three major clusters, reflecting diverse sources of the physicochemical and bacteriological parameter: natural, agriculture and urban discharges.

scholarly journals Does the recycling of waste streams from drinking water treatment plants worsen the quality of finished water? A case assessment in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-605
Author(s):  
Zhiquan Liu ◽  
Yongpeng Xu ◽  
Xuewei Yang ◽  
Rui Huang ◽  
Qihao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Filter Backwash Water

The overall purpose was to assess the feasibilities of recycling filter backwash water (FBWW) and combined filter backwash water (CFBWW) in a drinking water treatment plant in south China. The variations of regular water-quality indexes, metal indexes (Al, Mn and Cd), polyacrylamide and disinfection by-product indexes (trihalomethanes and their formation potentials) along with the treatment and the recycling processes were monitored. Results showed the recycling procedure caused increases of turbidity, total solids, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), permanganate index (CODMn), and dissolved organic carbon, Al, Mn and Cd concentrations in a mixture of raw water and FBWW or CFBWW compared to those in raw water. However, the recycling procedure had negligible impacts on the qualities of settled water and filtered water because most of the contaminants could be effectively removed by the conventional water treatment process. Although recycling did cause slight increases of NH3-N and CODMn levels in settled water and filtered water, the quality of finished water always conformed to Chinese standards for drinking water quality according to the surveyed indexes in the present study. Thus, it is appropriate to recycle waste streams in water-stressed areas if the source water is well managed and the water treatment processes are carefully conducted.

Study on the Micro-Polluted Water Treatment by GAC-UF

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2049-2052
Author(s):  
Jin Long Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Water Treatment Process

Nowadays drinking water resource has been polluted, while the conventional treatment process cannot effectively remove polluted matters. In order to tackle this problem, the granular activated carbon (GAC) and ultrafiltration membrane (UF) were introduced into drinking water treatment process. The results revealed that when treat the micro-polluted water the effluent water quality of turbidity, permanganate index and color can reach 0.1NTU, 1.3mg/L-2.3mg/L and 5 degree respectively with GAC-UF process. And the total removal efficiency of turbidity, permanganate index and color can reach 98%-99%, 70%~75% and 60% respectively. The GAC can effectively remove organic matters, while the UF membrane can effectively remove suspended solids, colloids. The GAC-UF combined process can get a good water quality when treat the micro-polluted water.

Sustainable improvement of drinking water quality by nanofiltration powered by renewable energy

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. López-Ramírez ◽  
E. Lee ◽  
R. J. Castañeda ◽  
J. Cho ◽  
N. García-Vaquero Marín
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Sustainable Improvement

Desalination membrane technology is increasingly used for water production. However, the main disadvantage of desalination is related to energy consumption and CO2 emissions, so desalination powered by renewable energy (RE) is getting interest. In this study nanofiltration (NF) membranes have been used for drinking water quality improvement in a pilot plant (50 m3/day) powered by RE (11.0 kW). The aims of this paper are: (1) to study the viability of a hybrid RE system to improve drinking water quality, (2) to study the availability of RE for NF desalination, and (3) to improve the chemical and organoleptic quality of tap water and tap water blended with nanofiltered water. Results confirm that desalination powered by RE is an interesting option for water quality improvement. Thanks to the hybrid system of the pilot plant, operation is around 93% of time. After several blind tastings, 82% of the tasters preferred water blended with nanofiltered water rather than current tap water.

Perspectives on drinking water monitoring for small scale water systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Roig ◽  
Estelle Baures ◽  
Olivier Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Regulation Compliance ◽  
Alternative Solutions

Drinking water (DW) is increasingly subject to environmental and human threats that alter the quality of the resource and potentially of the distributed water. These threats can be both biological and chemical in nature, and are often cumulated. The increase of technical frame of water quality monitoring following the evolution of water quality standards guarantee the regulation compliance in general but is not sufficient for the survey of small scale water system efficiency. The existing monitoring is not well suited to insure a good quality of distributed water, especially in the event of a sudden modification of quality. This article aims to propose alternative solutions, from the examination of monitoring practices, in a bid to limit the risk of deterioration of DW quality.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Tuntang Watershed based on Quantity and Quality of Water

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Ugro Hari Murtiono ◽  
Paimin Paimin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Quality Of Water

The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of Tuntang Catchment based on water quantity and quality area ranging from its upstream to downstream. The method used to determine the water quantity was by carrying out ground study on water discharge in the dry season (June 2011) in the research site, while the water quality was determined by conducting a laboratory analysis on the samples obtained from the sites in both the rainy and dry season (January and June 2011). The results indicated that the quantity of water discharge in Tuntang River was categorized “good”, although it was utilized for many uses such as irrigation, hydropower, and drinking water. Most of water discharges were mainly supplied from the upstream of Rawa Pening Lake. The water quality determined from the parameters of total dissolved solids, conductivity, pH, phosphate, and nitrate could be classified as “good”, meanwhile, the turbidity and dissolved oxygen were classified as “poor”.

scholarly journals Water quality of small-scale desalination plants in southwest coastal Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1606-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Atikul Islam ◽  
Md. Ali Akber ◽  
Prosun Kumar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Product Water ◽  
Desalination Plants

Abstract Southwest coastal Bangladesh has an acute scarcity of safe drinking water. Both the government and non-government organizations are now promoting reverse osmosis based small scale desalination plants (SSDPs) to ensure safe drinking water. The aim of this study was to assess the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of the desalination plants (DPs) installed in southwest coastal Bangladesh. Water samples were collected from the inlet and outlet of 10 DPs. The product water mostly complied with water quality standards. High levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) in feed water were reduced significantly after the treatment, although 10% and 20% of the product water samples respectively did not comply with the WHO drinking water standards for those parameters. Compliance of product water with the WHO and Bangladesh drinking water standards for chloride, bicarbonate and sodium were found in respectively 80%, 90% and 70% of the samples, although their concentrations in all the feed water samples were higher than both of the standards. About one-third of the DPs did not meet the drinking water standard for sodium, which may be an important health concern for the people consuming this water. Apart from one of the DPs, all of them complied with the standard for faecal coliform and Escherichia coli. Results suggest that proper maintenance of the SSDPs is necessary to ensure safe drinking water for the coastal population of southwest Bangladesh.

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