WATER CONSERVATION PLANNING IN AUSTIN, TEXAS

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Gregg ◽  
Drema Gross
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Task Force ◽  
City Council ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Conservation Program ◽  
Conservation Task ◽  
The City

Despite a long-standing, aggressive water conservation program, the City of Austin needed to develop additional conservation strategies to meet a City Council goal of reducing water use by 1 percent a year for ten years. This paper details the strategies discussed and ultimately recommended by staff and a Council-formed Water Conservation Task Force over a hectic 120-day period.

Conceptualizing trade-offs of water conservation strategies and unintended consequences using a system dynamics approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Odongo ◽  
Giuliano Di Baldassarre ◽  
Maurizio Mazzoleni
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Use Efficiency

<p>Improving water use efficiency in agriculture is a key strategy in reducing water scarcity, especially during drought seasons. However, the benefits of these water saving strategies can be reduced if farmers switch to more profitable and water consuming crops or increasing irrigable area, i.e. rebound effects. These feedbacks will likely offset the water savings benefits and subsequently intensify agricultural water use. Here we propose a new system dynamic model that represents the interactions and feedback loops between hydrological and social processes to explore rebound effects by analysing competing water needs for both urban and agricultural allocation. The model is then used to explore the dynamics of different mitigation policy options to alleviate the phenomenon: (i) Restricting water allocation (ii) Limiting size of agricultural land (iii) Changing cropping patterns (iv) Deficit irrigation.</p><p> </p>

Application of “R” principles to enhance the efficiency of water usage in construction sites

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G.A.S. Waidyasekara ◽  
Lalith De Silva ◽  
Raufdeen Rameezdeen
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Construction Operations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Use Efficiency

Purpose Water conservationists have been promoting a hierarchy of measures to preserve water resources in the face of decreasing freshwater availability in the world. However, applicability of water hierarchy to the construction industry is yet to be investigated. To fill this knowledge gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate water usage, water use efficiency, and conservation measures relevant to the construction operations. Design/methodology/approach A triangulation-based mixed-methods approach was adopted for the collection and analysis of data. First, four case studies were carried out to explore the current practices and the possibilities of applying the water hierarchy to the construction operations. This was followed by a questionnaire survey, administered among construction professionals to obtain their views and to verify the findings of case studies. Findings Strategies such as reuse and recycling were found to be less applicable and least preferred by the construction professionals compared to reduce, replace, and eliminate. Based on the research findings, three enabling measures, namely, regulation, responsibility, and reward, were found to enhance the effectiveness of these conservation strategies. Practical implications Knowledge on preferences of different water conservation measures among the construction professionals and their effectiveness on construction site could help the construction companies to device strategies to mitigate water wastage and enhance water use efficiency. It could also help policy-makers to develop guidelines that would have higher probability of acceptance among construction stakeholders. Originality/value The study proposes an extended water hierarchy (3R.6R) by integrating three enabling measures discussed above for the construction project sites.

Water conservation education as a tool to empower water users to reduce water use

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hoy ◽  
S. Stelli
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Education And Awareness

There is a finite supply of global fresh water available for human consumption, which is in great demand from both humans and the environment. As technology and populations increase, so do the demands and pressure on this limited resource. Demand far too often outstrips supply, requiring authorities to impose restrictions on water use. Recent research undertaken by Rand Water, in the Rand Water supply area (in and around Gauteng, South Africa) points to the desire from end users to be empowered with knowledge to make their own decisions on water use reduction, rather than to have authoritative restrictions imposed on them. This observation indicates the importance of water conservation education and awareness campaigns to facilitate the reduction in water consumption by consumers, and suggests that education is a priority in the implementation of water conservation strategies.

scholarly journals Integrating Stakeholder Input into Water Policy Development and Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Guerrero ◽  
Steve Amosson ◽  
Lal Almas
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Stakeholder Input

Agricultural water use is becoming an issue in much of the South due to population growth. Results of projects evaluating the impacts of conservation strategies aimed at reallocating or extending the life of water supplies are being met with great skepticism by stakeholder groups. In order to gain acceptance of results, it is essential that stakeholder groups be involved from the beginning in the identification of potential water conservation strategies and be kept informed throughout the project. The objective of this paper is to review previous attempts at involving stakeholders and the methodology currently being employed in the Ogallala Aquifer Project.

scholarly journals Predicting impacts of water conservation with a stochastic sewer model

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 2148-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bailey ◽  
T. C. Arnot ◽  
E. J. M. Blokker ◽  
Z. Kapelan ◽  
J. A. M. H. Hofman
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Region ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Discharge Patterns ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Scenario Testing

Abstract Population growth and climate change put a strain on water resources; hence, there are growing initiatives to reduce water use. Reducing household water use will likely reduce sewer input. This work demonstrates the use of a stochastic sewer model to quantify the effect water conservation has on sewer hydraulics and wastewater concentration. Probabilistic discharge patterns have been developed using SIMDEUM WW® and fed into hydraulic modelling software InfoWorks ICM® to produce likely flow and quality profiles for five future water use scenarios. The scenarios tested were developed to outline how commercial and political factors may change water use in future. Scenario testing revealed that 15–60% water reduction reflected a 1–48% drop in the morning peak flow. The water use reduction was predicted to increase wastewater concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and total phosphorus (TPH) by 55–180%, 19–116% and 30–206% respectively. The sewer flow model was developed, calibrated and validated using a case study in the Wessex Water region of the UK and all future scenarios were compared to the validated baseline case. This wastewater flow and quality model allows scenario testing, which could help redesign future sewer networks to better prepare for water conservation strategies.

scholarly journals PRESERVING THE VENETIAN FORTRESS OF BERGAMO: QUICK PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEY FOR CONSERVATION PLANNING

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mirabella Roberti ◽  
V. M. Nannei ◽  
P. Azzola ◽  
A. Cardaci
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Cultural Relevance ◽  
City Council ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
City Walls ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Maintenance Plan

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The historical and cultural relevance of the City Walls built by the ‘Serenissima’ Republic of Venice in the second half of 16th century was recognized in 2017 by the insertion of Bergamo, together with other Venetian Fortresses in Italy, Croatia and Montenegro, in the World Heritage List of UNESCO as transnational site. In the framework of the nomination to the WHL, the City Council together with the University of Bergamo started a campaign of studies and surveys aimed to prepare a conservation planning. The goal of this plan is to assure a constant monitoring of this artwork, so that a strict routine of controls, cleaning and small strengthening works would prevent more relevant interventions, which could corrupt the material integrity of the building.</p><p>This paper delineates the methodological and operational workflow applied to the preparation of the maintenance plan, now in progress, for the Venetian City Walls of Bergamo, where the photogrammetric survey by means of UAV plays an important role. The different working phases, the adopted instrumentation, the difficulties encountered and the choices made are described, and some case studies are also illustrated that represent well the typical problems encountered for the conservation of the Walls.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Usage and Water Management in Mae Fah Luang University

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Yanasinee Suma ◽  
Nittaya Pasukphun ◽  
Anuttara Hongthong ◽  
Vivat Keawdounglek
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
High Water ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Use Behavior

A university may be compared by its size of population and activities to a small city, with high water consumption and in need of effective water conservation strategies. This study presents the results of a study of water consumption on the Mae Fah Luang University campus in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Consumption was classified by activity type, water usage and water saving behavior of students and staff. The results suggest strategies for water conservation on campus. With a water conservation plan focusing on residential areas (halls and homes), which accounted for the highest levels of consumption on the campus. The study also identified activities where water-use behavior was wasteful; hence, we propose practical strategies to reduce the university’s water use by a) raising awareness of the costs of wasting water; b) education to improve knowledge, attitude, and behavior in regard to water conservation, with examples of good practice.

scholarly journals Penghematan Air di Hotel X Kota Batam Provinsi Kepulauan Riau dengan Menerapkan Daur Ulang Air Limbah

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rio Andi Suhandi ◽  
Eka Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Water Savings ◽  
The City

Hotel X is a hotel located in the city of Batam,  the province of the Riau Islands, which is expected to be visited by tourists on holiday  in the city of Batam. As the main means of providing comfort and health to guests, Hotel X should  plan a good clean water supply system in terms of quality, quantity, and continuity. Currently available clean water sources are limited, such that sufficient efforts must be made to recycle clean water. This research  aims to plan water savings at Hotel X using the Green Building concept in the aspect of water conservation. The concept of  this research is to recycling greywater into a second quality water source that can be used for rinsing and sprinkling water. Calculating  of water requirements,  generation of grey water wastewater refers to the Regulation of the 2017 Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Regulation, No. 4, Domestic  Wastewater  Management  System. The greywater recycling process is conducted  using biological and chemical processes. Based on the research use of recycled water research has the potential to conserve water use  amounted to 200.32 m3/ day of total water use of 313 m3/ day or the percentage of water savings of 64%. 

scholarly journals Water-Use and Conservation in the Commercial Vehicle Washing Industry in Urban Ghana: The Case of Cape Coast Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
J. N. Quayson ◽  
E. Awere
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
General Managers ◽  
Washing Process

Commercial vehicle washing businesses have gained popularity in urban Ghana. Most vehicle washing bays operating in the Cape Coast Metropolis rely on Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL) for their water supply. With increasing vehicular numbers, the pressure on the limited safe water quantities is likely to increase. There is the need to regulate the operations of the commercial vehicle washing industry to ensure water conservation and its associated environmental and social impacts. This study is aimed at assess the water-use and conservation strategies in the commercial vehicle washing industry in the Cape Coast Metropolis. The study focused on all the sixteen (16) commercial vehicle washing bays in the Cape Coast metropolis which are registered with and certified by the Metropolitan Assembly and are also members of the Vehicle Washing Bay Operators Association, Cape Coast Branch. Data was collected through the use of pre-tested questionnaire and interview guide as well as personal observation and measurement. A total of Thirty-two (32) questionnaires were distributed to the General Managers and Operation Managers of all the 16 washing bays in the metropolis. In addition, officials of Cape Coast Metropolitan Assembly (CCMA) and Central Regional office of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were interviewed. Trained Research Assistants were assigned to each vehicle washing bay for one week including Saturdays and Sundays to count the number of vehicles washed daily and the quantity of water used for washing. The study revealed that the most common technique used by the washing bays is the manual and semi-automatic washing process. On the average, the quantity of water required for washing vehicles ranges between 162.0 litres for saloon vehicles and 532.0 litres for tipper trucks. A minimum of 96 vehicles are washed daily utilizing approximately 19,346.00 litres (19.346 m3) of water. There are no water efficiency and wastewater reclamation regulations in place for the vehicle washing industry. It is concluded that the existing commercial vehicle washing facilities in use does not ensure efficient water use and conservation.

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