scholarly journals Water smart technologies for irrigation water management of elephant foot yam in tropical zones of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1495-1504
Author(s):  
S. Sunitha ◽  
James George ◽  
G. Suja ◽  
A. N. Jyothi ◽  
A. Rajalekshmi
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Super Absorbent Polymer ◽  
Elephant Foot Yam ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Absorbent Polymer

Abstract Water is the most crucial input in agriculture and declared to become the most scarce input in the near future, hence, judicious management of irrigation water is the need of the hour in tropical countries. In this study, a comparison of different water smart technologies, namely, porous ground cover mat, super absorbent polymer, partial root zone drying technique, bio mulching and foliar application of antitranspirant was made for enhancing water productivity in tuber crops using elephant foot yam as the test crop. Elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) is an important tropical tuber crop in India, and has attained commercial status in many states under assured irrigation. Mulching with ground cover mat and soil application of cassava starch-based super absorbent polymer recorded higher water productivity, reduced irrigation water requirement to 50% and enhanced the corm yield of elephant foot yam by 8–12% and energy use efficiency by 24–28% as compared to 100% irrigation. In the context of expected climate change and water scarcity, water smart technologies such as ground cover mats and super absorbent polymers would help in the cultivation of the tuber crop elephant foot yam with less irrigation, without adversely affecting the corm yield under humid tropical situations.

scholarly journals Field and Modeling Study on Saving Mineral Fertilizers, Increasing Farm Income and Improving Soil Fertility Using Bio-Irrigation with Drainage Water from Fish Farms

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2998
Author(s):  
Abdelraouf R. E. ◽  
Ayman El-Sayed ◽  
Ibrahim A. Alaraidh ◽  
Abdulaziz Alsahli ◽  
Mohamed El-Zaidy
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Four Levels

The reuse of new and non-traditional sources of water for the purpose of irrigation is the primary goal of all countries that are located in dry areas and suffer from water scarcity, including Egypt in particular. This study was conducted to determine the appropriateness and quantify the benefits of using fish farm wastewater (DWFF), as an alternative to fresh irrigation water (IW), for the irrigation of barley. Two types of water quality were tested for the irrigation of barley, namely DWFF and IW, in addition to four levels of fertilization rates, 100%N, 80%N, 60%N, and 40%N, where 100%N represents 156 kg of nitrogen per hectare. The results showed a positive effect of increasing the nitrogen fertilization rate with irrigation water on the crop with the use of DWFF and IW for irrigating barley in two seasons: 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. The yield when using DWFF for the irrigation of barley was higher than the yield when using IW, which was in the range of 5.1% and 25.9% in 2017/2018 and between 9.8% and 33.3% in 2018/2019. This was due to the additional amount of dissolved biological nitrogen and other nutrients contained in DWFF. Notably, an additional amount of dissolved nitrogen is inherent in DWFF (12.81 kg nitrogen ha−1 in 2017/2018 and 12.43 kg nitrogen ha−1 in 2018/2019) and other elements, such as phosphorus and potassium, which are two macronutrients for crops. The SALTMED model was used to simulate soil moisture content, water application efficiency, nitrogen concentration in the soil layer in the effective root zone, N uptake, the dry matter of grown barley, and yield and water productivity for all treatments, with R2 values of 0.94, 0.89, 0.99, 0.916, 0.89, 0.915, and 0.919 respectively. The research concluded that the use of DWFF is an effective alternative to IW for irrigating barley. It also helped to achieve higher yields while applying lower amounts of IW and chemical fertilizers. There are also additional benefits, such as reducing the drainage to the drainage network and increasing the income of farmers.

scholarly journals Penerapan Irigasi Tetes Emiter Tali Dengan Bebagai Selang Waktu Irigasi Pada Tanaman Semangka

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Muhammad Idrus Idrus ◽  
Surya Surya
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Irrigation Water Productivity

The objectives of the research were (1) To know watermelon yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon by used drip irrigation with nylon rope emitter on various time irrigation intervals, (2) To determined the good time irrigation interval for watermelon production by using the drip irrigation with nylon rope emitter. The research was conducted at the research field with four-time irrigation intervals were 1,2,3, and 4 days of time irrigation interval. The research was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design. The result of the research showed that the time irrigation interval was not significantly affected yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon. The soil moisture in the root zone at 30 cm depth of 23,23—23,88% before irrigation still in range of the available soil moisture content for plants. The average of watermelon yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon were 5,07—5,45 kg/plant and 115,15—123,79 kg/m3. The good time interval of irrigation for watermelon production by using drip irrigation with rope emitter was 4 days time interval of irrigation.

scholarly journals Efficient IoT-Based Control for a Smart Subsurface Irrigation System to Enhance Irrigation Management of Date Palm

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3942
Author(s):  
Maged Mohammed ◽  
Khaled Riad ◽  
Nashi Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Amount

Drought is the most severe problem for agricultural production, and the intensity of this problem is increasing in most cultivated areas around the world. Hence improving water productivity is the primary purpose of sustainable agriculture. This study aimed to use cloud IoT solutions to control a modern subsurface irrigation system for improving irrigation management of date palms in arid regions. To achieve this goal, we designed, constructed, and validated the performance of a fully automated controlled subsurface irrigation system (CSIS) to monitor and control the irrigation water amount remotely. The CSIS is based on an autonomous sensors network to instantly collect the climatic parameters and volumetric soil water content in the study area. Therefore, we employed the ThingSpeak cloud platform to host sensor readings, perform algorithmic analysis, instant visualize the live data, create event-based alerts to the user, and send instructions to the IoT devices. The validation of the CSIS proved that automatically irrigating date palm trees controlled by the sensor-based irrigation scheduling (S-BIS) is more efficient than the time-based irrigation scheduling (T-BIS). The S-BIS provided the date palm with the optimum irrigation water amount at the opportune time directly in the functional root zone. Generally, the S-BIS and T-BIS of CSIS reduced the applied irrigation water amount by 64.1% and 61.2%, respectively, compared with traditional surface irrigation (TSI). The total annual amount of applied irrigation water for CSIS with S-BIS method, CSIS with T-BIS method, and TSI was 21.04, 22.76, and 58.71 m3 palm−1, respectively. The water productivity at the CSIS with S-BIS (1.783 kg m−3) and T-BIS (1.44 kg m−3) methods was significantly higher compared to the TSI (0.531 kg m−3). The CSIS with the S-BIS method kept the volumetric water content in the functional root zone next to the field capacity compared to the T-BIS method. The deigned CSIS with the S-BIS method characterized by the positive impact on the irrigation water management and enhancement on fruit yield of the date palm is quite proper for date palm irrigation in the arid regions.

scholarly journals Water Retention Techniques under Crop’s Root Zone a Tool to Enhance Water Use Efficiency and Economic Water Productivity for Zucchini

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Ali Hassan Hommadi ◽  
Sabah Anwer Almasraf
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Membrane Sheet

 A new technique in cultivation by installing membrane sheet below the crop’s root zone was helped to save irrigation water in the root zone, less farm losses, increasing the field water use efficiency and water productivity. In this paper, the membrane sheet was installed below the root zone of zucchini during the summer growing season 2017 in open field.  This research was carried out in a private field in Babil governorate at Sadat Al Hindiya Township reached 72 km from Baghdad. Surface trickle irrigation system was used for irrigation process. Two treatment plots were used, treatment plot T1 using membrane sheet and treatment plot T2 without using the membrane sheet. The applied irrigation water, time of irrigation, soil moisture contents before irrigation were calculated and recorded daily for the two treatments plots. Values of crop yield, Field water use Efficiency and economic water productivity were discussed and compared between the plots. The obtained results indicate that field water use efficiency for the two plots, T1 and T2 were: 6.04 and 4.64 kg/m3, respectively.  The increasing value in field water use efficiency (FWUE) of plot T1 comparing with plot T2 was 30.2 %. Additionally, the value of economic water productivity of zucchini crop for plots T1 and T2 was: 20514.1 and 15031.7 ID/m3, respectively. The increasing value of the Economic water productivity (EWP) of plot T1 comparing with plot T2 was 36.5 %. The value of water saving in plot T1 was 16.7%. The reduction in frequency of irrigation at T1 was 12 %.            zucchini, water use efficiency, membrane sheet, and economic water productivity.

scholarly journals ESTIMATIVA DO COEFICIENTE DE COBERTURA EM UMA CULTURA DE MELÃO

Irriga ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Wilson Tavares Bezerra ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
Thales Vinícius de Araújo Viana ◽  
Francisco De Queiroz Porto Filho
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Partial Wetting

ESTIMATIVA DO COEFICIENTE DE COBERTURA EM UMA CULTURA DE MELÃO  José Wilson Tavares Bezerra1;  Benito Moreira de Azevedo1; Thales Vinícius de Araújo Viana1; Francisco de Queiroz  Porto Filho21Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará, UFC. Curso de Mestrado em Irrigação e 2Drenagem,  [email protected] Superior de Agricultura de Mossoró-ESAM. Mossoró-RN  1 RESUMO  Na irrigação localizada a economia de água se tornou uma grande vantagem em relação aos outros métodos.  Esta economia de água deve-se, principalmente, ao fato deste método de irrigação umedecer somente parte do solo no qual se encontram as raízes da planta.  O cálculo da quantidade de água necessária a cultura, pode ser obtido indiretamente a partir do coeficiente de cobertura do solo, utilizando o coeficiente de redução.  O objetivo deste trabalho foi de estimar o coeficiente de cobertura para a cultura do melão para as condições do município de Mossoró – RN.  Na pesquisa, o ciclo da cultura foi subdividido em cinco fases, sendo o, coeficiente de cobertura estimado no final e no ponto médio de cada fase. Os resultados mostraram que o coeficiente de cobertura variou entre os valores de 2,40 e 80,50 % nos finais das fases inicial e de floração, respectivamente.  Aos 52 dias após o plantio,  o coeficiente de cobertura atingiu 100%, este ponto coincidiu com o ponto médio da fase de frutificação.  UNITERMOS: Irrigação localizada, desenvolvimento vegetativo e ciclo da cultura.  BEZERRA, J. W. T.; AZEVEDO, B. M. de; VIANA, T. V. de A.; PORTO FILHO, F. de Q. ESTIMATE OF COVERING COEFFICIENT FOR  MELON CULTURE  2 ABSTRACT  In localized irrigation water saving has become a great advantage in comparison to the other methods.  This water saving occurs mainly because this system causes partial wetting of the soil in the root zone.  Calculating how much water is necessary for the crop can be done indirectly using the reduction factor based on the crop ground cover. This paper aimed to estimate the ground cover coefficient for melon in Mossoró – RN.  In this study the melon growing cycle was divided into five development stages and the ground cover coefficient was estimated at the average and finals point of each stage.  The results showed that the covering coefficient varied between 2.40 and 8.50% in the end of the initial and flowering phases, respectively.  At 52 days after the melon planting, the ground cover coefficient reached 100%, which was the same one as the fructification stage.  KEYWORDS: drip irrigation, vegetative development and cycle of the culture.

scholarly journals Effect of A200 super absorbent polymers on corn growth and yield under Partial Root-Zone Drying Irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M. Sakaki ◽  
A. Shahnazari ◽  
M. A. Gholami
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Proper Solution ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Super Absorbent Polymer ◽  
Volume Unit

Water crisis: One of the most important and effective solutions to cope with water crisis is optimum use of consuming water in agriculture section. In other word, increasing “agricultural water productivity” is unavoidable in future planning and decision making as an effective factor. Therefore, deficit irrigation is stated as a proper solution in water limitation aiming to maximally use water volume unit. In addition to applying irrigation management methods, using developed techniques to save soil moisture is of the effective measures to increase irrigation efficiency and achieving sustainable agriculture. One of the strategies for optimal use of water resources and its preservation is using super absorbent polymers. This study was conducted during two growth seasons and within 2014-2015 in the farm and in Sari University of agricultural sciences and natural resources on single cross 704silage maize. The treatments included three irrigation regimes (as the main plot) and three levels of super absorbent (as subplots) with three replications. Irrigation treatments included complete and partial root irrigation in two levels of 55 and 65% (PRD65, PRD55) and three levels of water super absorbent polymer of A200 type, including 20, 40 and 60kg/hectare. Based on the obtained results, the plants, were regularly irrigated during their growth period and cultivated in the conditions of 60kg/hectare of super absorbent, had the most rate of yield components but they weren’t significantly different from those plants, irrigated with 55 and 65% volume. In other word, the function of super absorbent in these treatments increased the efficiency of water use and partial irrigation in 55 and 65% volume has been able to generate an equal yield with the conditions of complete irrigation.

IRRIGATION SCHEDULE OF LONG-FRUIT CUCUMBERS AND HYDROAMELIORATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIP IRRIGATION IN PLASTIC GREENHOUSE

2019 ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Rumiana Kireva ◽  
Roumen Gadjev
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
Pressure Flows ◽  
Efficient Water Use

The deficit of the irrigation water requires irrigation technologies with more efficient water use. For cucumbers, the most suitable is the drip irrigation technology. For establishing of the appropriate irrigation schedule of cucumbers under the soil and climate conditions in the village of Chelopechene, near Sofia city, the researchеs was conducted with drip irrigation technology, adopting varying irrigation schedules and hydraulic regimes - from fully meeting the daily crops water requirements cucumbers to reduced depths with 20% and 40%. It have been established irrigation schedule with adequate pressure flows in the water source, irrigation water productivity and yields of in plastic unheated greenhouses of the Sofia plant.

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