Towards a climate neutral water cycle

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Peter van der Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water System ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
System Management ◽  
And Control

Waternet, the first water cycle company in the Netherlands, is responsible for drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and water system management and control in and around Amsterdam. Waternet has the ambition to become climate neutral in 2020. To realise this ambition, measures are required to compensate for the emission of 53,000 t CO2-eq/year. Energy recovery from the water cycle looks very promising. From wastewater, ground water, surface water and drinking water, all elements of the water cycle, renewable energy can be recovered. This can be thermal energy and chemical energy. First calculations reveal that energy recovery from the water cycle in and around Amsterdam can contribute to a total reduction in greenhouse gas emissions up to 74,900 t CO2-eq/year. The challenge for the coming years is to choose robust combinations of all the possibilities to fulfil the energy demand at any time. Only then can the use of fossil fuel be abandoned and the target of becoming climate neutral in 2020 be reached.

Energy from the water cycle: a promising combination to operate climate neutral

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. van der Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Green House Gas ◽  
And Control

Waternet, the first water cycle company in the Netherlands, is responsible for drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and watersystem management and control in and around Amsterdam. Waternet has the ambition to operate climate neutral in 2020. To realise this ambition, measures are required to compensate for the emission of 53,000 ton CO2-eq/year. Energy recovery from the water cycle looks very promising. From wastewater, ground water, surface water and drinking water, all elements of the water cycle, renewable energy can be recoverd. This can be thermal energy and chemical energy. First calculations reveal that energy recovery from the water cycle in and around Amsterdam can contribute to a total reduction in green house gas emissions up to 148,000 ton CO2-eq/year. The challenge for the coming years is to choose robust combinations of all the possibilities to fulfil the energy demand at any time. Only then the use of fossil fuel can be abandoned and the target of operating climate neutral in 2020 can be reached.

Climate change mitigation by recovery of energy from the water cycle: a new challenge for water management

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. van der Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Surface Water Management ◽  
And Control

Waternet is responsible for drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and surface water management and control (quality and quantity) in and around Amsterdam. Waternet has the ambition to operate climate neutral in 2020. To realise this ambition, measures are required to compensate for the emission of 53,000 ton CO2-eq/year. Energy recovery from the water cycle looks very promising. First, calculations reveal that energy recovery from the water cycle in and around Amsterdam may contribute to a total reduction in greenhouse gas emissions up to 148,000 ton CO2-eq/year. The challenge for the coming years is to choose combinations of all the possibilities to fulfil the energy demand as much as possible. Only then the use of fossil fuel can be minimized and inevitable greenhouse gas emissions can be compensated, supporting the target to operate climate neutral in 2020.

scholarly journals Formation and Control of C- and N-DBPs during Disinfection of Filter Backwash and Sedimentation Sludge Water in Drinking Water Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 116964
Author(s):  
Yunkun Qian ◽  
Yanan Chen ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
David Hanigan ◽  
Paul Westerhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
C And N ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals The occurrence and control of waterborne viruses in drinking water treatment: a review

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 130728
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Yang Deng ◽  
Shengkun Dong ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Pan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Waterborne Viruses ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Hydropower Potential from the AUSINO Drinking Water System

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Viccione ◽  
Rosaria Amato ◽  
Massimo Martucciello
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Water System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Pressure Relief Valves

The urban water cycle spends energy to provide communities drinking water and to treat produced wastewater. The same cycle can also provide energy by exploiting the kinetic energy of water flowing into the network to turn turbines and generate electricity. In this framework, this work focuses on the hydropower potential arising from the installation of a water turbine at the end of the pipeline of the water supply system “New Aqueduct”, managed by the “Ausino S.p.A. Servizi Idrici Integrati” in the Campania Region, Italy. The plant allows to reach—in some circumstances—a minimum power level at which the return of the investment occurs in a reasonable time period. In facts, the supply system exhibits somewhere pressure heads of up to hundreds meters, a matter which has been seen of a certain relevance as attenuation systems such as pressure relief valves were adopted to reduce pressure levels. Today, this related 'waste of available potential energy’ can be conveniently avoided by installing proper energy recovery apparatuses as detailed in this study.

A novel low-cost multi-barrier system for drinking water treatment in rural and suburban areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Siwila ◽  
Isobel C. Brink
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Granular Media ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water System ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Novel Concept

Abstract A low-cost multi-barrier drinking water system incorporating geotextile fabric for pre-filtration, silver-coated ceramic granular media (SCCGM) for filtration and disinfection, granular activated carbon (GAC) as an adsorption media and a safe storage compartment for treated water has been developed and tested. The developed system offers a novel concept of point-of-use drinking water treatment in rural and suburban areas of developing countries. The system is primarily aimed at bacterial and aesthetic improvement and has been optimised to produce >99.99% E. coli and fecal coliforms removal. Although particular emphasis was placed on the elimination of bacteria, improvement of the acceptability aspects of water was also given high priority so that users are not motivated to use more appealing but potentially unsafe sources. This paper discusses key system features and contaminant removal performance. A system using SCCGM only was also tested alongside the multi-barrier system. Strengths and weaknesses of the system are also presented. Both the developed and SCCGM-only systems consistently provided >99.99% E. coli and fecal coliforms removal at an optimum flow of 2 L/h. The developed system significantly recorded improvements of aesthetic aspects (turbidity, color, taste and odor). Average turbidity removals were 99.2% and 90.2% by the multi-barrier and SCCGM-only systems respectively.

scholarly journals Opportunistic pathogens and faecal indicators in drinking water associated biofilms in Cluj, Romania

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Farkas ◽  
M. Drăgan-Bularda ◽  
D. Ciatarâş ◽  
B. Bocoş ◽  
Ş. Ţigan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Faecal Indicators

Biofouling occurs without exception in all water systems, with undesirable effects such as biocorrosion and deterioration of water quality. Drinking water associated biofilms represent a potential risk to human health by harbouring pathogenic or toxin-releasing microorganisms. This is the first study investigating the attached microbiota, with potential threat to human health, in a public water system in Romania. The presence and the seasonal variation of viable faecal indicators and opportunistic pathogens were investigated within naturally developed biofilms in a drinking water treatment plant. Bacterial frequencies were correlated with microbial loads in biofilms as well as with physical and chemical characteristics of biofilms and raw water. The biofilms assessed in the current study proved to be extremely active microbial consortia. High bacterial numbers were recovered by cultivation, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, intestinal enterococci and Clostridium perfringens. There were no Legionella spp. detected in any biofilm sample. Emergence of opportunistic pathogens in biofilms was not significantly affected by the surface material, but by the treatment process. Implementation of a water safety plan encompassing measures to prevent microbial contamination and to control biofouling would be appropriate.

Objectives for optimization and consequences for operation, design and concept of drinking water treatment plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. C. van der Helm ◽  
L. C. Rietveld ◽  
Th. G. J. Bosklopper ◽  
J. W. N. M. Kappelhof ◽  
J. C. van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Regeneration Frequency ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Optimization for operation of drinking water treatment plants should focus on water quality and not on environmental impact or costs. Using improvement of water quality as objective for optimization can lead to new views on operation, design and concept of drinking water treatment plants. This is illustrated for ozonation in combination with biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration at drinking water treatment plant Weesperkarspel of Waternet, the water cycle company for Amsterdam and surrounding areas. The water quality parameters that are taken into account are assimilable organic carbon (AOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and pathogens. The operational parameters that are taken into account are the ozone dosage and the regeneration frequency of the BAC filters. It is concluded that ozone dosage and regeneration frequency should be reduced in combination with application of newly developed insights in design of ozone installations. It is also concluded that a new concept for Weesperkarspel with an additional ion exchange (IEX) step for natural organic matter (NOM) removal will contribute to the improvement of the disinfection capacity of ozonation and the biological stability of the produced drinking water.

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