scholarly journals Seasonal patterns of drinking water consumption pattern in Mysore City, Karnataka, South India

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-575
Author(s):  
Jessen George ◽  
S. Suriyanarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
South India ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Human Populations

The aim of this study is to determine the general drinking water consumption pattern in Mysore city, Karnataka, South India with special reference to cold water (without boiling), and to construct a data base for water consumption habits of Mysore people. In developing countries microbial risk assessment studies, water intake values are often adopted from developed countries. However, these values may not be suitable for the risk characterization of human populations from tropical regions of developing countries. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the water consumption pattern among the general population in Mysore city as a first attempt in this region. To compare seasonal variations in water consumption patterns, our study was carried in two major seasons, i.e. in the summer (n = 1,256) and winter (n = 1,230) of 2012–2013. Cold water intake rates were assessed by age, gender and season. The results of this study indicate that the average cold water consumption rate during the summer was 1.12 L/day per person and in the winter season was 0.92 L/day per person. The present survey study is believed to be the first attempt to quantify the intake of cold water consumption in Mysore city, Karnataka, South India.

scholarly journals Drinking water consumption patterns in Sweden

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Westrell ◽  
Yvonne Andersson ◽  
Thor Axel Stenström
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Waterborne Outbreak ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Consumption Data

Estimates on drinking water consumption are necessary in risk assessments on microbial hazards in drinking water. Large differences in consumption habits between countries have been reported. In order to establish estimates for the Swedish population, water consumption data from a waterborne outbreak investigation (157 people), a small water consumption study (75 people) and a large study on health and environmental factors (10,957 people) were analysed. A lognormal distribution for the daily direct/cold water intake in litres with μ=−0.299 and σ=0.570 was fitted to the quantitative data, representing the general population. The average daily consumption of tap water as plain drinking water and as heated tap water, e.g. in coffee and tea, was 0.86±0.48 l and 0.94±0.69 l, respectively. Women consumed more cold tap water than did men, while men appeared to have a higher consumption of heated tap water. Cold tap water intake was highest in the oldest age group, (≥70 years). The consumption of bottled water was very low (mean 0.06 l/d) when compared to other countries.

Total water intake and its contributors in infants and young children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Chouraqui ◽  
Simon N. Thornton ◽  
Louise Seconda ◽  
Stavros A. Kavouras
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Infants And Young Children ◽  
Total Water Intake

Abstract Hydration is a particular concern for infants and young children due to their greater risk of dehydration. However, studies on their water intakes are scarce. The current survey aimed to analyze total water intake (TWI) in non-breastfed children aged 0.5-35 months compared to the adequate intake (AI) for the same age group set by the EFSA and to examine the different contributors to TWI as well as beverage consumption patterns. Nationally representative data from the Nutri-Bébé cross-sectional survey were used to assess food, beverage, and plain water consumption by age group over three non-consecutive days. With age, median TWI in 1,035 children increased from 732 to 1010 mL/d, without differences between sex, but with a great inter-individual variation, and the percentage of children who did not meet the AI increased from 10% to 88%. Median weight-related TWI decreased from 136.6 to 69.0 mL/kg/d. Among infants, 90% had a ratio of water/energy below the AI, similarly for about 75% of toddlers. Milk and milk products were the main contributors to TWI, while the part of plain water increased gradually to be 25% in the older toddlers, half of which was tap water. The beverage consumption pattern varied in types and timing, with little consumption of juices and sweetened beverages. Vegetables and fruits accounted for 20% of TWI after the age of 6 months. These initial results, showing strong discrepancies between actual and recommended water intakes in young children, should help identify ways to increase children’s water consumption.

scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Advertising Types on Improving the Water Consumption Behavior: An Application of Integrated Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy VIKOR Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Salimi ◽  
Amir Noori ◽  
Hossein Bonakdari ◽  
Jafar Masoompour Samakosh ◽  
Ehsan Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Fuzzy Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Vikor ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, many cities have suffered from a shortage of drinking water, mainly due to population growth. Hence, the desire to curb undue water consumption through the identification of the main factors affecting consumer behavior has become very important in managing drinking water supplies. Modifying the consumption pattern means institutionalizing of a sustainable culture in water consumption among consumers and the identification of the main criteria affecting their behavior. In 2018, a survey was applied to examine the role of mass media advertising in modifying the water consumption pattern in Iran. An integration of fuzzy AHP and fuzzy VIKOR was proposed based on group decision making, and fuzzy trapezoidal sets used to model linguistic variables and to deal with uncertainty in opinions. We devised and conducted a questionnaire with 24 main criteria and 8 sub-criteria to measure the impact of advertising on water consumption. The case study population in this study included all urban households over 15 cities of Iran. A total of 5630 questionnaires were distributed among the various populations with cluster method. Then, by analyzing the results, advertisements using animation had the highest impact on consumer behavior, among the available alternatives, and could play a significant role in modifying the water consumption pattern. Additionally, a fuzzy evaluation technique is performed to validate the result of the applied method. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate the stability of the final ranking. Finally, the prioritization results of the types of advertising by the proposed method were compared with the results of the fuzzy AHP method.

scholarly journals Water consumption patterns in rural Bangladesh: are we underestimating total arsenic load?

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Hasnat Milton ◽  
Habibur Rahman ◽  
Wayne Smith ◽  
Rupendra Shrestha ◽  
Keith Dear
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
The Us ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Morbidity Risks

Risk related to the ingestion of any water contaminants depends on many factors, including the daily per capita amount of consumed water relative to body weight. This study explored the water consumption pattern of a rural arsenic-affected population in Bangladesh. The study findings are likely to contribute to the risk estimation attributable to ingestion of arsenic and other drinking water contaminants. A total of 640 individuals participated in this cross-sectional study carried out in an arsenic-affected rural population in Bangladesh. In this study daily per capita water consumption for drinking purposes was found to be 73.04 ml/kg/d (range = 71.24–74.84 ml/kg/d), which is higher than for both the US and Taiwan populations. This difference in per capita drinking water consumption might contribute to much higher lifetime cancer mortality and other morbidity risks from arsenic among the Bangladesh population compared to either the US or Taiwan populations. Arsenic is also ingested through cooking water which, if considered, might increase the risk further. The findings of this study highlight the urgent need for a holistic water supply programme for Bangladesh, with special emphasis on the arsenic-affected population.

EFFECTS OF THE TEMPERATURE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE DRINKING WATER ON THE BODY TEMPERATURE AND WATER CONSUMPTION OF SHEEP

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Bailey ◽  
R. Hironaka ◽  
S. B Slen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Environmental Temperatures ◽  
Reduced Water

Temperatures in the rumen, rectum, and subcutaneous tissues of four sheep receiving [Formula: see text] pounds of alfalfa hay per day were recorded at environmental temperatures of 15 °C. and −12 °C. The temperature of the drinking water was 20 °C. when the environmental temperature was 15 °C. and variously 0°, 10°, 20°, and 30 °C. during four different periods when the environmental temperature was −12 °C. At both environmental temperatures, the temperature in the rumen was higher than that in the rectum which, in turn, was higher than that in the subcutaneous tissues. The consumption of feed caused a transient increase in the temperature in the rumen and rectum while the consumption of water caused a transient decrease in the temperature in the rumen. A reduction in environmental temperature from 15 °C. to −12 °C. caused decreases in the temperatures in the rumen, rectum, and subcutaneous tissues, and reduced water intake from about 1600 to about 800 milliliters/day. At an environmental temperature of −12 °C., the temperature of the drinking water did not influence the amount of water consumed. It did, however, have an effect on body temperature because the average temperature in the rectum was slightly higher when the drinking water was 0 °C. than when it was 30 °C.

scholarly journals Water Consumption during a School Day and Children’s Short-Term Cognitive Performance: The CogniDROP Randomized Intervention Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Drozdowska ◽  
Michael Falkenstein ◽  
Gernot Jendrusch ◽  
Petra Platen ◽  
Thomas Luecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Urine Color ◽  
Randomized Intervention

There is still little research examining the relationship between water consumption in school and specific cognitive performance. The aim of this cluster-randomized intervention CogniDROP trial was to investigate the short-term effects of drinking water during the morning on executive functions. The participants were from the 5th and 6th grade of a comprehensive school in Germany (14 classes, n = 250, 61.6% boys). The classes were randomly divided into an intervention group (an education on healthy drinking behavior and a promotion of water consumption) and a control group. A battery of computerized tasks (Switch Task, 2-Back Task, Corsi Block-Tapping Task and Flanker Task) was used to test executive functions. Urine color and thirst were evaluated to check the hydration level. Physical activity over the past 24 h was measured using GT3X ActiGraph. A non-linear relationship was observed between the amount of drinking water and executive performance. Consuming water up to 1000 mL (or up to 50% of Total Water Intake) had benefits during memory tasks. Urine color and number of steps on the study day correlated with water consumed. The results suggest that a water-friendly environment supports school-aged children in adequate water intake resulting in better cognitive performance, especially short-term memory.

scholarly journals Indigenous drinking-water consumption pattern of residents in Kuching city: results of a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-824
Author(s):  
King Kuok Kuok ◽  
Po Chan Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Tropical Regions

Abstract Identifying the demographic factors that affect patterns is very important for determining drinking water sources within a community. Previous empirical studies mainly focussed on demographic factors affecting water demand in urban and semi-urban areas facing water shortage with little rainfall. However, studies on water consumption in tropical regions (average annual ∼4,000 mm) is limited. This study aims to investigate relationships between drinking water patterns and demographic factors for Kuching community, Sarawak, Malaysia. Survey data were collected from 100 respondents using structured questionnaires through mail, drop-off and telephone surveys in March–December 2016. Results revealed that drinking water patterns are significantly correlated with source, income and education level. 46% of respondents preferred tap water as their drinking water source, followed by 31% for in-home water-treatment devices, 19% chose bottled water and only 4% still drink raw water. In terms of income and education level, 25% of respondents with diploma, degree and postgraduate academic qualifications, quantified as higher income group, installed in-home water-treatment devices. 21% of respondents with monthly income more than RM2500 also initiated installation of in-home water-treatment devices. In contrast, age, gender and religion were found to have little affect on drinking-water consumption patterns.

Estimation of Carcinogenic Risks of Drinking Water Consumption in the Cities of Dnipro and Kamyan'sk

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
V. V. Zaitsev ◽  
◽  
N. I. Rublevskaya ◽  
T. V. Krasota ◽  
Y. V. Bannikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption

Methodological Approaches to Organization of Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Novikova ◽  
I.O. Myasnikov ◽  
A.A. Kovshov ◽  
N.A. Tikhonova ◽  
N.S. Bashketova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Supply Systems

Summary. Introduction: Drinking water is one of the most important environmental factors sustaining life and determining human health. The goal of the Russian Federal Clean Water Project is to improve drinking water quality through upgrading of water treatment and supply systems using advanced technologies, including those developed by the military-industrial complex. The most informative and reliable sources of information for assessing drinking water quality are the results of systematic laboratory testing obtained within the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring (SGM) and production control carried out by water supply organizations. The objective of our study was to formulate approaches to organizing quality monitoring programs for centralized cold water supply systems. Materials and methods: We reviewed programs and results of drinking water quality laboratory tests performed by Rospotrebnadzor bodies and institutions within the framework of SGM in 2017–2018. Results: We established that drinking water quality monitoring in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation differs significantly in the number of monitoring points (566 in the Krasnoyarsk Krai vs 10 in Sevastopol) and measured indicators, especially sanitary and chemical ones (53 inorganic and organic substances in the Kemerovo Region vs one indicator in the Amur Region). Discussion: For a more complete and objective assessment of drinking water quality in centralized cold water supply systems, monitoring points should be organized at all stages of water supply with account for the coverage of the maximum number of people supplied with water from a particular network. Thus, the number of points in the distribution network should depend, inter alia, on the size of population served. In urban settlements with up to 10,000 inhabitants, for example, at least 4 points should be organized while in the cities with more than 3,000,000 inhabitants at least 80 points are necessary. We developed minimum mandatory lists of indicators and approaches to selecting priority indices to be monitored at all stages of drinking water supply.

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