scholarly journals Molecular Diversity Analysis of Two Irradiated Potato Varieties in vitro Revealed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 611-624
Author(s):  
Ayman El-Fiki ◽  
Zakia Adam ◽  
Thoria Rashad ◽  
Shaimaa Sobieh ◽  
Amal Salah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Potato Varieties

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity Analysis in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) through RAPD Markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Hoque ◽  
H Huq ◽  
NJ Moon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Leaf Sample ◽  
Dna Profile ◽  
Potato Varieties

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the molecular diversity of 12 popular potato varieties in Bangladesh. DNA was extracted from tender leaf sample for PCR amplification. The PCR amplified DNA profile was visualized on 2% agarose gel, staining with ethidium bromide. Eight RAPD primers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of potato varieties. Some total of 36 DNA fragments were amplified and out of them 24 were polymorphic. Those primers generated 61.53% of polymorphic DNA band. The primer OPX 04 produced highest (9) number of DNA band and out of 9 amplicon 6 were polymorphic. Lowest number of amplification was observed in the primer OPA-17 and it was only 3. The highest Nei’s genetic distance (0.9701) was noticed between the variety Granola and Provinto. The highest (0.8205) number of genetic identity/similarity was observed between the varieties Cardinal and Diamant. The unweighted pair group method of arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance revealed that the 12 varieties followed into two main clusters. The present finding showed that there was high level of genetic diversity among the varieties which can be used for parental selection in potato breeding program. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i2.18405 SAARC J. Agri., 11(2): 95-102 (2013)

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity Analysis of Two in vitro and Irradiated Potato Varieties Expressed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman El-FIKI ◽  
Zakia ADAM ◽  
Thoria MOHAMED ◽  
Shimaa SOBIEH ◽  
Amal SALAH
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Radiation Treatments

Potato buds cvs. ҅Valor’ and ‘Spunta’ were cultured in vitro on MS solid medium with 0.2 mg -1 BAP. The resulting plantlets were irradiated with gamma radiation doses 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy. Irradiated segments were transferred onto fresh MS with BAP and plantlets survival percentage was calculated after eight weeks. Gamma radiation caused the death of 3.8% to 81% in cv. ҅Spunta’ and 2.9% to 83.9% in cv. ҅Valor’. Microtubers produced from irradiated plantlets were decreased with increasing gamma radiation doses, with notable changes in shape, size and numbers. The proline contents in irradiated plantlets were steady increase with gamma radiation doses. The genomic DNA of the two cultivars and ten radiation treatments was amplified with 10 RAPD primers that generated 53 polymorphic bands. The highest number of genetic identity was 0.9672 showed between irradiated plantlets with 20 and 30 Gy in cv. ҅Valor’. However, the highest genetic distance was 0.3995 observed between irradiated plantlets with dose 20 Gy in cv. ҅Valor’ and 30 Gy in cv. ҅Spunta’. The dendrogram generated by cluster analysis distinguished the irradiated plantlets genetically.

scholarly journals Two new species of Undifilum, fungal endophytes of Astragalus (locoweeds) in the United States

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 866-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deana L. Baucom ◽  
Marie Romero ◽  
Robert Belfon ◽  
Rebecca Creamer
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neighbor Joining

New species of Undifilum , from locoweeds Astragalus lentiginosus Vitman and Astragalus mollissimus Torr., are described using morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses as Undifilum fulvum Baucom & Creamer sp. nov. and Undifilum cinereum Baucom & Creamer sp. nov. Fungi were isolated from dried plants of A. lentiginosus var. araneosus , diphysus , lentiginosus , and wahweapensis collected from Arizona, Oregon, and Utah, USA, and A. mollissimus var. biglovii , earleii , and mollissimus collected from New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas, USA. Endophytic fungi from Astragalus locoweeds were compared to Undifilum oxytropis isolates obtained from dried plant material of Oxytropis lamberteii from New Mexico and Oxytropis sericea from Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. Extremely slow growth in vitro was observed for all, and conidia, if present, were ellipsoid with transverse septa. However, in vitro color, growth on four different media, and conidium size differed between fungi from Astragalus spp. and U. oxytropis. Neighbor-joining analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) gene sequences revealed that U. fulvum and U. cinereum formed a clade distinct from U. oxytropis. This was supported by neighbor-joining analyses of results generated from random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments using two different primers.

scholarly journals Limited Genetic Diversity in North American Isolates of Phytophthora erythroseptica Pathogenic to Potato Based on RAPD Analysis

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick D. Peters ◽  
Rod J. Clark ◽  
Albert D. Coffin ◽  
Antony V. Sturz ◽  
David H. Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Phytophthora Erythroseptica

Pink rot of potato (Solanum tuberosum), caused by Phytophthora erythroseptica, is found wherever potatoes are grown, and in the last decade, it has reemerged as an economically important disease in Canada and the United States. A selection of isolates of P. erythroseptica from major potato-growing regions in North America, namely Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, Canada, and Maine and Idaho, U.S.A., was assessed for genetic diversity with randomly chosen decanucleotide primers which were used to amplify regions of DNA to reveal polymorphisms among templates (random amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD]). The isolates varied in their geographic origin as well as in their sensitivity to mefenoxam, as determined by an in vitro assay. In three separate RAPD screens (I, II, and III) with 23 isolates of P. erythroseptica chosen from a larger collection, 1,410, 369, and 316 robust, scorable bands were amplified, respectively. However, among the bands amplified in screens I, II, and III, only 3, 1, and 3 bands, respectively, were polymorphic. When three primers yielding polymorphisms were used to screen 106 isolates from Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, or a representative collection of 32 isolates from Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Maine, and Idaho, no major variation was discovered. RAPD markers were not correlated with geographic origin or mefenoxam sensitivity of the isolates. From an evolutionary standpoint, the absence of genetic diversity among the isolates of P. erythroseptica we examined may be attributable to the relatively recent introduction of a small founding population of the pathogen in North America.

scholarly journals Connectivity and network state-dependent recruitment of long-range VIP-GABAergic neurons in the mouse hippocampus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruggiero Francavilla ◽  
Vincent Villette ◽  
Xiao Luo ◽  
Simon Chamberland ◽  
Einer Muñoz-Pino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Functional Specialization ◽  
Gabaergic Interneurons ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Mouse Hippocampus ◽  
Ca1 Area ◽  
New Evidence

AbstractGABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus provide for local and long-distance coordination of neurons in functionally connected areas. Vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing (VIP+) interneurons occupy a distinct niche in circuitry as many of them specialize in innervating GABAergic cells, thus providing network disinhibition. In the CA1 hippocampus, VIP+ interneuron-selective cells target local interneurons. Here, we discovered a novel type of VIP+ neuron whose axon innervates CA1 and also projects to the subiculum (VIP-LRPs). VIP-LRPs showed specific molecular properties and targeted interneurons within the CA1 area but both interneurons and pyramidal cells within subiculum. They were interconnected through gap junctions but demonstrated sparse spike coupling in vitro. In awake mice, VIP-LRPs decreased their activity during theta-run epochs and were more active during quiet wakefulness but not coupled to sharp-wave ripples. Together, the data provide new evidence for VIP interneuron molecular diversity and functional specialization in controlling cell ensembles along the hippocampo-subicular axis.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation Analysis of Hevea brasiliensis Genotype Population of In Vitro Micro-Cutting Culture by RAPD Marker

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
IRFAN MARTIANSYAH ◽  
NURHAIMI HARIS ◽  
TATI HUSNIYATI ◽  
EDI DJAUHARI PURWAKUSUMAH
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Micro Cutting ◽  
Explant Source ◽  
Dna Fragment

The rubber seeds are insufficient for producing rootstocks to rubber grafting. It can be overcome by an in vitro micro-cutting culture technique developed in the Indonesian Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioindustry (IRIBB). However, the origin clone of 57 rubber genotypes used as an explant source in vitro micro-cutting culture is not recognized. The study was to investigate the 57 genotypes that came from mixed GT 1, PB 260, and RRIM 600 as parent clones. We investigated using seven primers of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), i.e., OPA 02, OPA 07, OPA 15, OPB 04, OPC 05, OPC 11, and OPC 20. The qualitative analyzed by electrophoresis 1% gel agarose. A total of 47 DNA fragments produced with an average of 7 fragments per primer. OPA 02 generated of 13 fragments, whereas OPB 04 only one fragment. The DNA fragment pattern shows the presence of polymorphism. The genetic similarity coefficients obtained in the range of 62-96%. The highest genetic similarity (96%) is genotype 70 and 78. It recognized that 42 genotypes from 57 rubber genotypes had the closest relationship with PB 260 clones. Furthermore, six genotypes had a significant growth response as an explant in vitro micro-cutting culture.

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity Analysis in Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces using SSR Markers

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Farhana Afrin Vabna ◽  
Mohammad Zahidul Islam ◽  
Md. Ferdous Rezwan Khan Prince ◽  
Md. Ekramul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Boro Rice ◽  
Research Institute

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the genetic diversity of twenty four Boro rice landraces using rice genome specific twelve well known SSR markers. Study Design: Genomic DNA extraction, PCR amplification, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and data analysis-these steps were followed to perform the research work. Data was analysed with the help of following software; POWERMAKER version 3.25, AlphaEaseFC (Alpha Innotech Corporation) version 4.0. UPGMA dendrogram was constructed using MEGA 5.1 software. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Genetic Resources and Seed Division (GRSD), Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh during the period of November 2017 to March 2018. Methodology: Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to assay 24 landraces of Boro rice collected from the Gene Bank of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI). Results: A total fifty four (54) alleles were detected, out of which forty five (45) polymorphic alleles were identified. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) of SSR markers ranged from 0.08 (RM447) to 0.84 (RM206) with an average value of PIC = 0.49. Gene diversity ranges from 0.08 (RM447) to 0.86 (RM206) with an average value of 0.52. The RM206 marker can be considered as the best marker among the studied markers for 24 rice landraces. Dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance using Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) indicated the segregation of 24 genotypes into three main clusters. Conclusion: The result revealed that SSR markers are very effective tools in the study of genetic diversity and genetic relationships and this result can be conveniently used for further molecular diversity analysis of rice genotypes to identify diverse parent for the development of high yielding variety in rice.

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