scholarly journals Pengembangan Aplikasi Game dengan Html5 dan Javascript untuk Mengukur Kecerdasan Anak

Author(s):  
Muhammad Ismail

Educational games are the ideal medium to see the extent to which a student's performance will be assessed. However, to integrate educational games has the technical and practical challenges of their own. This study will be directed to the development of a game that can be used to measure the kind of intelligence and capabilities of a child based on the reference of Psychology Howard Gardner's theory kuisinoerThe purpose of writing is the development of gaming applications with HTML5 and JavaScript enabled to measure intelligence. The data taken from the distribution of questionnaires to 30 respondents were randomly. The data were analyzed by finding the average difference between the results of tests using questionnaires to play the game. From these results it can be concluded that there is a gap/difference between the average differences among the results of the two tests.

Author(s):  
M. Griffiths

It is often claimed by marketeers that online gambling (i.e., the combining of gambling and the Internet into one convenient package) makes commercial sense. Gambling looks like it might make another step towards convenience with the advent of mobile phone gambling. This is gambling on the move, whenever, wherever, with the wireless world of mobile gambling. Since it is somewhat unnatural to always be near a computer, it could be argued that wireless mobile phones are the ideal medium for gambling. Whenever gamblers have a few minutes to spare (at the airport, commuting to work, waiting in a queue, etc.), they can occupy themselves by gambling (Griffiths, 2005a).


2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumar Kane

This article deals with certain semiotic issues pertaining to Christianity and Islam in medieval times. The formalization of “holy books” and the definition of “communities of believers” are the objects of struggles that are both material and symbolic. This article begins by presenting three categories of signs: written (holy books), oral (esoteric initiations) and pictorial (religious icons). It then identifies the idea of community as well as the ideal medium to create a horizontal link (within the community) and a vertical one (between the community of the faithful and a God who henceforth is transcendent). These links seem to oscillate between communication and communion and to favour a temporal as well as spiritual effectiveness.Nous abordons ici certains enjeux sémiotiques dans le christianisme et l’islam de la période médiévale. La formalisation des « livres saints » et la définition des « communautés de croyants » sont l’objet de luttes conjointement matérielles et symboliques. Nous commençons par évoquer le cas de trois catégories de signe : l’écrit (livres saints), l’oralité (initiation ésotérique) et les images saintes (icônes). Nous identifions ensuite la conception de la communauté et le médium privilégié pour construire un lien horizontal (au sein de la communauté) et vertical (entre la communauté de fidèles et un Dieu désormais transcendant). Le lien semble ainsi osciller entre communication et communion et privilégie des types de signes qui ont une efficace temporelle aussi bien que spirituelle.


Author(s):  
M.S. Shahrabadi ◽  
T. Yamamoto

The technique of labeling of macromolecules with ferritin conjugated antibody has been successfully used for extracellular antigen by means of staining the specimen with conjugate prior to fixation and embedding. However, the ideal method to determine the location of intracellular antigen would be to do the antigen-antibody reaction in thin sections. This technique contains inherent problems such as the destruction of antigenic determinants during fixation or embedding and the non-specific attachment of conjugate to the embedding media. Certain embedding media such as polyampholytes (2) or cross-linked bovine serum albumin (3) have been introduced to overcome some of these problems.


Author(s):  
R. A. Crowther

The reconstruction of a three-dimensional image of a specimen from a set of electron micrographs reduces, under certain assumptions about the imaging process in the microscope, to the mathematical problem of reconstructing a density distribution from a set of its plane projections.In the absence of noise we can formulate a purely geometrical criterion, which, for a general object, fixes the resolution attainable from a given finite number of views in terms of the size of the object. For simplicity we take the ideal case of projections collected by a series of m equally spaced tilts about a single axis.


Author(s):  
R. Beeuwkes ◽  
A. Saubermann ◽  
P. Echlin ◽  
S. Churchill

Fifteen years ago, Hall described clearly the advantages of the thin section approach to biological x-ray microanalysis, and described clearly the ratio method for quantitive analysis in such preparations. In this now classic paper, he also made it clear that the ideal method of sample preparation would involve only freezing and sectioning at low temperature. Subsequently, Hall and his coworkers, as well as others, have applied themselves to the task of direct x-ray microanalysis of frozen sections. To achieve this goal, different methodological approachs have been developed as different groups sought solutions to a common group of technical problems. This report describes some of these problems and indicates the specific approaches and procedures developed by our group in order to overcome them. We acknowledge that the techniques evolved by our group are quite different from earlier approaches to cryomicrotomy and sample handling, hence the title of our paper. However, such departures from tradition have been based upon our attempt to apply basic physical principles to the processes involved. We feel we have demonstrated that such a break with tradition has valuable consequences.


Author(s):  
G. Van Tendeloo ◽  
J. Van Landuyt ◽  
S. Amelinckx

Polytypism has been studied for a number of years and a wide variety of stacking sequences has been detected and analysed. SiC is the prototype material in this respect; see e.g. Electron microscopy under high resolution conditions when combined with x-ray measurements is a very powerful technique to elucidate the correct stacking sequence or to study polytype transformations and deviations from the ideal stacking sequence.


Author(s):  
N. Bonnet ◽  
M. Troyon ◽  
P. Gallion

Two main problems in high resolution electron microscopy are first, the existence of gaps in the transfer function, and then the difficulty to find complex amplitude of the diffracted wawe from registered intensity. The solution of this second problem is in most cases only intended by the realization of several micrographs in different conditions (defocusing distance, illuminating angle, complementary objective apertures…) which can lead to severe problems of contamination or radiation damage for certain specimens.Fraunhofer holography can in principle solve both problems stated above (1,2). The microscope objective is strongly defocused (far-field region) so that the two diffracted beams do not interfere. The ideal transfer function after reconstruction is then unity and the twin image do not overlap on the reconstructed one.We show some applications of the method and results of preliminary tests.Possible application to the study of cavitiesSmall voids (or gas-filled bubbles) created by irradiation in crystalline materials can be observed near the Scherzer focus, but it is then difficult to extract other informations than the approximated size.


Author(s):  
K.-H. Herrmann ◽  
D. Krahl ◽  
H.-P Rust

The high detection quantum efficiency (DQE) is the main requirement for an imagerecording system used in electron microscopy of radiation-sensitive specimens. An electronic TV system of the type shown in Fig. 1 fulfills these conditions and can be used for either analog or digital image storage and processing [1], Several sources of noise may reduce the DQE, and therefore a careful selection of various elements is imperative.The noise of target and of video amplifier can be neglected when the converter stages produce sufficient target electrons per incident primary electron. The required gain depends on the type of the tube and also on the type of the signal processing chosen. For EBS tubes, for example, it exceeds 10. The ideal case, in which all impinging electrons create uniform charge peaks at the target, is not obtainable for several reasons, and these will be discussed as they relate to a system with a scintillator, fiber-optic and photo-cathode combination as the first stage.


Author(s):  
T. Ichinokawa ◽  
H. Maeda

I. IntroductionThermionic electron gun with the Wehnelt grid is popularly used in the electron microscopy and electron beam micro-fabrication. It is well known that this gun could get the ideal brightness caluculated from the Lengumier and Richardson equations under the optimum condition. However, the design and ajustment to the optimum condition is not so easy. The gun has following properties with respect to the Wehnelt bias; (1) The maximum brightness is got only in the optimum bias. (2) In the larger bias than the optimum, the brightness decreases with increasing the bias voltage on account of the space charge effect. (3) In the smaller bias than the optimum, the brightness decreases with bias voltage on account of spreading of the cross over spot due to the aberrations of the electrostatic immersion lens.In the present experiment, a new type electron gun with the electrostatic and electromagnetic lens is designed, and its properties are examined experimentally.


Author(s):  
R. Vincent

Microanalysis and diffraction on a sub-nanometre scale have become practical in modern TEMs due to the high brightness of field emission sources combined with the short mean free paths associated with both elastic and inelastic scattering of incident electrons by the specimen. However, development of electron diffraction as a quantitative discipline has been limited by the absence of any generalised theory for dynamical inelastic scattering. These problems have been simplified by recent innovations, principally the introduction of spectrometers such as the Gatan imaging filter (GIF) and the Zeiss omega filter, which remove the inelastic electrons, combined with annual improvements in the speed of computer workstations and the availability of solid-state detectors with high resolution, sensitivity and dynamic range.Comparison of experimental data with dynamical calculations imposes stringent requirements on the specimen and the electron optics, even when the inelastic component has been removed. For example, no experimental CBED pattern ever has perfect symmetry, departures from the ideal being attributable to residual strain, thickness averaging, inclined surfaces, incomplete cells and amorphous surface layers.


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