scholarly journals Single exposure of dopamine D1 antagonist prevents and D2 antagonist attenuates methylphenidate effect

2015 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nachum Dafny ◽  
Catherine Claussen ◽  
Lindsey Witte
Keyword(s):  
Single Exposure ◽  
D2 Antagonist ◽  
Dopamine D1 Antagonist

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the 40S ribosomal subunit from rabbit reticulocytes

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 936-937
Author(s):  
Neng-Yu Zhang ◽  
Terence Wagenknecht ◽  
Michael Radermacher ◽  
Tom Obrig ◽  
Joachim Frank
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Ribosomal Subunits ◽  
40S Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Rabbit Reticulocytes

We have reconstructed the 40S ribosomal subunit at a resolution of 4 nm using the single-exposure pseudo-conical reconstruction method of Radermacher et al.Small (40S) ribosomal subunits were Isolated from rabbit reticulocytes, applied to grids and negatively stained (0.5% uranyl acetate) in a manner that “sandwiches” the specimen between two layers of carbon. Regions of the grid exhibiting uniform and thick staining were identified and photographed twice (magnification 49,000X). The first micrograph was always taken with the specimen tilted by 50° and the second was of the Identical area untilted (Fig. 1). For each of the micrographs the specimen was subjected to an electron dose of 2000-3000 el/nm2.Three hundred thirty particles appearing in the L view (defined in [4]) were selected from both tilted- and untilted-specimen micrographs. The untilted particles were aligned and their rotational alignment produced the azimuthal angles of the tilted particles in the conical tilt series.

Further Evidence that Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa Mediates Platelet Spreading on Subendothelium

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (02) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey J Weiss ◽  
Vincet T Turitto ◽  
Hans R Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Vessel Segment ◽  
Multiple Exposures ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
Platelet Spreading

SummaryIn order to explore further the mechanism by which glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa promotes platelet vessel wall interaction, platelet adhesion to subendothelium was studied in an annular chamber in which subendothelium from rabbit aorta was exposed at a shear rate of 2,600 s−1 to blood from patients with thrombasthenia. Perfusions were conducted for each of 5 exposure times (1 ,2,3, 5 and 10 min), and the percent surface coverage of the vessel segment with platelets in the contact (C) and spread (S) stage was determined. Increased values of platelet contact (C) were obtained in thrombasthenia at all exposure times; this finding is consistent with a defect in platelet spreadirg, based on a previously described kinetic model of platelet attachment to subendothelium. According to this model of attachment, increased values of platelet contact (C) at a single exposure time may be indicative of either a defect in spreading (S) or initial contact (C), but multiple exposures will result in increased contact only for defects which are related to defectiye platelet spreading (s).The results obtained over a broad range of exposure times provide more conclusive evidence that GPIIb-IIIa mediates platelet spreading than those previously obtained at single exposure times.

Fabrication of two-layer integrated phase mask and single-beam, single exposure fabrication of 3D photonic crystal template using the mask

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuankun Lin ◽  
Ahmad Harb ◽  
Daniel Rodriguez ◽  
Karen Lozano ◽  
Di Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Phase Mask ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Single Beam

An Over 120dB Dynamic Range Linear Response Single Exposure CMOS Image Sensor with Two-stage Lateral Overflow Integration Trench Capacitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (7) ◽  
pp. 143-1-143-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Fujihara ◽  
Maasa Murata ◽  
Shota Nakayama ◽  
Rihito Kuroda ◽  
Shigetoshi Sugawa
Keyword(s):  
Linear Response ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cmos Image Sensor ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Maximum Signal

This paper presents a prototype linear response single exposure CMOS image sensor with two-stage lateral overflow integration trench capacitors (LOFITreCs) exhibiting over 120dB dynamic range with 11.4Me- full well capacity (FWC) and maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 70dB. The measured SNR at all switching points were over 35dB thanks to the proposed two-stage LOFITreCs.

scholarly journals Effects of Prometryn Exposure Scenarios on Microcystis aeruginosa Growth and Water Qualities in Incubator Experiments

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1346
Author(s):  
Zhenjiang Yang ◽  
Suiliang Huang ◽  
Xiaowen Huang ◽  
Xiaofu Liang ◽  
Waseem Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Exposure Pattern ◽  
Significant Factors

Although multiple herbicide exposures are more prospective to occur in water, many previous studies were carried out as single herbicide exposure. To investigate the toxic effect of prometryn on cyanobacteria and water qualities, single and double prometryn exposures (at different growth phases) on Microcystis aeruginosa growth and concentrations of nutrients were compared after a 44-day experiment. Results indicated that under single exposure, maximum inhibition rates were 4.7–12.0% higher than those under double exposures. Correspondingly, the maximum Microcystis aeruginosa densities and growth rates under single exposure were 10.3–21.1% and 19.5–37.7% lower than those under double exposures (p < 0.05), respectively. These findings revealed that repeated prometryn exposures resulted in a reduction in biological effects, because the time of application and the concentration injected during the first application were both significant factors in the biological effects of prometryn. Prometryn exposure scenarios did not have a significant effect on nutrient or nutrient consumption concentrations (p > 0.05). In general, the pattern of nutrient limitation showed a shift from phosphorus to nitrogen limitation. The quantified relationships between Microcystis aeruginosa growth rates and consumed nutrients were studied. Based on the above findings, we believe that a high-dose and single prometryn exposure is a more effective exposure pattern for limiting cyanobacteria growth.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidium hominis genotypes involved in increased incidence and clusters of cases, Navarra, Spain, 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1033-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. FUENTES ◽  
C. MARTÍN ◽  
X. BERISTAIN ◽  
A. MAZÓN ◽  
J. M. SAUGAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Molecular Subtyping ◽  
The Future

SUMMARYTwo clusters of confirmed cryptosporidiosis infections were detected in Navarra, Spain, in the summer of 2012, in the context of an increased incidence in the region. Molecular subtyping of Cryptosporidium hominis determined that one cluster, occurring in an urban area, was due to the predominant circulating subtype IbA10G2R2 and the other cluster, with cases occurring in a rural area, was due to a rare subtype IaA18R3. No single exposure was associated with infection, although exposure to certain children's pools was reported by a majority of patients interviewed in each cluster. Genotyping tools were useful in the investigation and could aid investigation of cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in Spain in the future.

Single exposure to cocaine or ecstasy induces DNA damage in brain and other organs of mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tathiana A. Alvarenga ◽  
Monica L. Andersen ◽  
Daniel A. Ribeiro ◽  
Paula Araujo ◽  
Camila Hirotsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Single Exposure

scholarly journals Cannabidiol as a potential treatment for psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 204512531988191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Davies ◽  
Sagnik Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
D2 Antagonist ◽  
Unique Mechanism ◽  
Preclinical Work

Psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are heterogeneous and often debilitating conditions that contribute substantially to the global burden of disease. The introduction of dopamine D2 receptor antagonists in the 1950s revolutionised the treatment of psychotic disorders and they remain the mainstay of our treatment arsenal for psychosis. However, traditional antipsychotics are associated with a number of side effects and a significant proportion of patients do not achieve an adequate remission of symptoms. There is therefore a need for novel interventions, particularly those with a non-D2 antagonist mechanism of action. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating constituent of the cannabis plant, has emerged as a potential novel class of antipsychotic with a unique mechanism of action. In this review, we set out the prospects of CBD as a potential novel treatment for psychotic disorders. We first review the evidence from the perspective of preclinical work and human experimental and neuroimaging studies. We then synthesise the current evidence regarding the clinical efficacy of CBD in terms of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms, safety and tolerability, and potential mechanisms by which CBD may have antipsychotic effects.

Effects of single exposure to cadmium on the primary humoral antibody response

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kawamura ◽  
F. Shimizu ◽  
H. Fujimaki ◽  
K. Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Humoral Antibody
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