scholarly journals Association between functional performance and executive cognitive functions in an elderly population including patients with low ankle–brachial index

2015 ◽  
pp. 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Januzzi Cunha ◽  
Danielle Irigoyen Costa ◽  
Fernando Santos ◽  
Fernanda Consolim-Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Executive Cognitive Functions

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Cognitive and Functional Performance in Indigenous Older Adults of Nariño, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yenny Vicky Paredes-Arturo ◽  
Eunice Yarce-Pinzon ◽  
Diego Mauricio Diaz-Velasquez ◽  
Daniel Camilo Aguirre-Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Functional Factors ◽  
Global Cognition

Introduction. Ethnicity in Latin America is a factor of poverty and social exclusion. Like in developed countries, demographic, medical, psychosocial, global cognitive, and functional variables interact in a complex relationship on the elderly population. Such interaction should be considered to determine cognitive and functional performance using screening tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, medical, and psychosocial factors affecting global cognitive performance as well as functional activities. Methods. The study was conducted in a Colombian elderly indigenous population which included a sample of 518 adults. This research employed a structural model of latent factors to assess the effects of demographic, medical, and psychosocial factors on cognitive and functional performance. The model was estimated by least squares and used a maximum-likelihood procedure, and it was determined RMSEA, TLI, and CFI to assess the model’s goodness of fit. The categorical variables used in the model were as follows: (1) demographics, (2) psychosocial factors, (3) medical condition, (4) global cognition, and (5) functional factors. Results. Demographics, in addition to medical and psychosocial factors, were related to global cognition and functional factors (RMSEA = 0.051, CI 90% 0.045–0.057, CFI = 0.901, and TLI = 0.881). Conclusion. These results provide strong evidence about the complex relationships among demographics, medical conditions, and psychosocial factors and their influence on global cognition and functional performance in Colombian indigenous elderly population.

scholarly journals Executive cognitive functions and impulsivity as correlates of risk taking and problem behavior in preadolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 2916-2926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Romer ◽  
Laura Betancourt ◽  
Joan M. Giannetta ◽  
Nancy L. Brodsky ◽  
Martha Farah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Executive Cognitive Functions

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF COGNITION AND FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE ON CORE STABILITY IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Agris Liepa ◽  
Undine Gudiņa ◽  
Evita Dubinina ◽  
Viesturs Larins ◽  
Aivars Kaupuzs
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
The Impact

The researches indicate that core stability may play a substantial role in reducing fall risk in the elders. Nevertheless, cognition and functional performance has been identified with fall risks as well. The impact of functional performance elements and/or cognition on core stability, to complement the intervention programs for seniors in the future, has not been fully studied. This study aimed to assess the effects of leg strength, static balance, walking speed and cognition on the core stability scores. In a cross-sectional design study a sample of 62 participants were eligible for the study.  Elderly aged 60 or older living in Social care centers or autonomous were recruited. Independent variables included static balance, walking speed, leg strength measured by Short Physical Performance Battery, cognition (alertness, divided attention, selective attention, and working memory) evaluated with the Rehacom screening software and age. Dependent variable core stability (the ability to maintain appropriate contraction of muscle transversus abdominis) was assessed performing Prone test with Chattanooga Stabilizer Pressure Biofeedback. A hierarchical multiple regression was used for statistical analysis. Static balance and cognition presented greater effects significantly explaining 18% and 13% of the variability of core stability, whereas no significant effects of walking speed and leg strength were found on core stability. Exercise programs where static balance and cognition tasks are implemented to complement core stability performance might be worth investigating and compare with other intervention methods to reduce the risk of falling in the elderly population.

scholarly journals Executive Cognitive Functions and Behavioral Control Differentially Predict HbA1c in Type 1 Diabetes across Emerging Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-363
Author(s):  
Yana Suchy ◽  
Jonathan Butner ◽  
Deborah J. Wiebe ◽  
MaryJane Campbell ◽  
Sara L. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Psychomotor Speed ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Executive Cognitive Functions ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hba1c Levels

AbstractObjectives:To examine the contributions of two aspects of executive functioning (executive cognitive functions and behavioral control) to changes in diabetes management across emerging adulthood.Methods:Two hundred and forty-seven high school seniors with type 1 diabetes were assessed at baseline and followed up for 3 years. The baseline assessment battery included performance-based measures of executive cognitive functions, behavioral control, IQ estimate (IQ-est), and psychomotor speed; self-report of adherence to diabetes regimen; and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) assay kits as a reflection of glycemic control.Results:Linear and quadratic growth curve models were used to simultaneously examine baseline performance on four cognitive variables (executive cognitive functions, behavioral control, IQ, and psychomotor speed) as predictors of indices of diabetes management (HbA1c and adherence) across four time points. Additionally, general linear regressions examined relative contributions of each cognitive variable at individual time points. The results showed that higher behavioral control at baseline was related to lower (better) HbA1c levels across all four time points. In contrast, executive cognitive functions at baseline were related to HbA1c trajectories, accounting for increasingly more HbA1c variance over time with increasing transition to independence. IQ-est was not related to HbA1c levels or changes over time, but accounted instead for HbA1c variance at baseline (while teens were still living at home), above and beyond all other variables. Cognition was unrelated to adherence.Conclusions:Different aspects of cognition play a different role in diabetes management at different time points during emerging adulthood years.

scholarly journals Modulation of Hippocampus-Prefrontal Cortex Synaptic Transmission and Disruption of Executive Cognitive Functions by MK-801

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1348-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Blot ◽  
S.-i. Kimura ◽  
J. Bai ◽  
A. Kemp ◽  
D. Manahan-Vaughan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Executive Cognitive Functions

Parkinson’s Disease: A Review from Pathophysiology to Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 754-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca L.B. Marino ◽  
Lucilene R. de Souza ◽  
Kessia P.A. Sousa ◽  
Jaderson V. Ferreira ◽  
Elias C. Padilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Synaptic Cleft ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Comt Inhibitors ◽  
Mao B ◽  
Physical Limitations

: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly population, with a higher prevalence in men, independent of race and social class; it affects approximately 1.5 to 2.0% of the elderly population over 60 years and 4% for those over 80 years of age. PD is caused by the necrosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which is the brain region responsible for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA), resulting in its decrease in the synaptic cleft. The monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) degrades dopamine, promoting the glutamate accumulation and oxidative stress with the release of free radicals, causing excitotoxicity. The PD symptoms are progressive physical limitations such as rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, postural instability and disability in functional performance. Considering that there are no laboratory tests, biomarkers or imaging studies to confirm the disease, the diagnosis of PD is made by analyzing the motor features. There is no cure for PD, and the pharmacological treatment consists of a dopaminergic supplement with levodopa, COMT inhibitors, anticholinergics agents, dopaminergic agonists, and inhibitors of MAO-B, which basically aims to control the symptoms, enabling better functional mobility and increasing life expectancy of the treated PD patients. Due to the importance and increasing prevalence of PD in the world, this study reviews information on the pathophysiology, symptomatology as well as the most current and relevant treatments of PD patients.

scholarly journals Cognitive Training in the Elderly: Bottlenecks and New Avenues

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1473-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Zokaei ◽  
Christopher MacKellar ◽  
Giedrė Čepukaitytė ◽  
Eva Zita Patai ◽  
Anna Christina Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Computer Based

Development of measures to preserve cognitive function or even reverse cognitive decline in the ever-growing elderly population is the focus of many research and commercial efforts. One such measure gaining in popularity is the development of computer-based interventions that “exercise” cognitive functions. Computer-based cognitive training has the potential to be specific and flexible, accommodates feedback, and is highly accessible. As in most budding fields, there are still considerable inconsistencies across methodologies and results, as well as a lack of consensus on a comprehensive assessment protocol. We propose that the success of training-based therapeutics will rely on targeting specific cognitive functions, informed by comprehensive and sensitive batteries that can provide a “fingerprint” of an individual's abilities. Instead of expecting a panacea from training regimens, focused and personalized training interventions that accommodate individual differences should be developed to redress specific patterns of deficits in cognitive rehabilitation, both in healthy aging and in disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document