Pitch pattern alternation in goshogawara Japanese: evidence for a prosodic phrase above the domain for downstep

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Pitch Pattern ◽  
Prosodic Phrase

scholarly journals The acquisition of lexical tones by Cantonese–English bilingual children

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1357-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Pik Ki MOK ◽  
Albert LEE
Keyword(s):  
Stress Pattern ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Lexical Tones ◽  
English Bilingual ◽  
Pitch Pattern ◽  
Linguistic Transfer ◽  
Auditory Analysis ◽  
Early Interaction ◽  
Time Point

AbstractPrevious studies on bilingual children found intact tonal development at the initial stages of interaction between Cantonese and English in successive bilingual children, whereas children exposed to both languages from birth have not been studied in this regard. We examined the production of Cantonese tones by five simultaneous bilingual children longitudinally at 2;0 and 2;6, and compared them with age-matched monolingual children using auditory analysis. Our results showed that some bilingual children had a delay at 2;0, compared to their monolingual peers. Some bilingual children also exhibited a ‘high–low’ template in their production, resembling the pitch pattern of English trochaic words. These findings suggest a possible early interaction of the Cantonese and English prosodic systems in which bilingual children adopted the English stress pattern in Cantonese production. The time-point along the trajectory of phonological development is important in modulating whether cross-linguistic transfer can be observed.

Spectral-Pitch Pattern

1982 ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Pitch Pattern

Teaching Online

2010 ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
P. Toyoko Kang
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Teaching Online ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Prosodic Phrase ◽  
Mental Language ◽  
Face To Face Learning ◽  
Audio Files

This chapter provides an argument endorsing blendedlearning and teaching for foreign language (FL)/second language (L2) courses, in lieu of total online learning andteaching or total face-to-face learning and teaching (FFLT). Two main arguments are posed, citing concrete examples. First, that in total online learning and teaching, one of the greatest challenges is to reduce the psychological and social distance between teacher and student that leads to a dysfunctional parser (a mental language processor) for FL/L2. And secondly, online learning and teachingencourage more input, hence clarify communication---by making not only currently incomprehensible input comprehensible but also hard-tobe-comprehended output easy-to-comprehend---- through “self-negotiation of form and meaning,” and the parser’s strategy of being “first (prosodic phrase) come, first interpreted/processed.” This chapter proceeds to strongly recommend that FL/L2 teachers make simple audio files to provide their students with spoken input to prevent students from employing the L1 strategy of “first come, last interpreted/ processed.” Furthermore, this chapter shows what kind of spoken input is to be recorded in audio files for students in Elementary Japanese II and Intermediate Japanese I.

scholarly journals Laser-Assisted Thermal Imprinting of Microlens Arrays—Effects of Pressing Pressure and Pattern Size

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Nagato ◽  
Yuki Yajima ◽  
Masayuki Nakao
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Filling Ratio ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microlens Arrays ◽  
Pitch Pattern ◽  
Pattern Size

Polymer films with nano- or microstructured surfaces have been widely applied to optical devices, bioplates, and printed electronics. Laser-assisted thermal imprinting (LATI), in which a laser directly heats the surfaces of a mold and a thermoplastic polymer, is one of the high-throughput methods of replicating nano- or microstructures on polymer films. Only the surfaces of the mold and polymer film are heated and cooled rapidly, therefore it is possible to replicate nano- or microstructures on polymer films more rapidly than by using conventional thermal nanoimprinting. In this study, microlens arrays (MLAs) were replicated on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) films using LATI, and the effects of the pressing pressure (10−50 MPa) and the pattern size (33- and 5-μm pitch) of the MLA on the filling ratio were investigated by analyzing a microlens replicated using different laser-irradiation times (0.1−2 ms). The filling ratio increased with increasing pressing pressure and laser-irradiation time in the replication of MLAs with varying sizes, while the flow of the PMMA varied with the pressing pressure and laser-irradiation time. It was found that during filling, the shape of the polymer cross-sectional surface demonstrated a double and single peak in the 33- and 5-μm-pitch patterns, respectively. This was because the depth of the heated area in the 33-μm-pitch pattern was smaller than the pattern size, whereas that of the 5-μm-pitch pattern was comparable to (or larger) than the pattern size.

scholarly journals The homogeneity of audibility and prosody of Zulu words for Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) testing

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Panday ◽  
Harsha Kathard ◽  
Mershen Pillay ◽  
Cyril Govender
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
First Language ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Speech Reception ◽  
Pitch Pattern ◽  
Male Speaker ◽  
Pitch Contours ◽  
Low Tone

The aim of this investigation was to determine which of 58 preselected Zulu words developed by Panday et al. (2007) could be used for Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) testing. To realize this aim the homogeneity of audibility of 58 bisyllabic Zulu low tone verbs was measured, followed by an analysis of the prosodic features of the selected words. The words were digitally recorded by a Zulu first language male speaker and presented at 6 intensity levels to 30 Zulu first language speakers (18 -25 years, mean age of 21.5 years), whose hearing was normal. Homogeneity of au­dibility was determined by employing logistic regression analysis. Twenty eight words met the cri­terion of homogeneity of audibility. This was evidenced by a mean slope of 50% at 5.98%/dB. The prosodic features of the twenty eight words were further analyzed using a computerized speech laboratory system. The findings confirmed that the pitch contours of the words followed the pro­sodic pattern apparent within Zulu linguistic structure. Eighty nine percent of the Zulu verbs were found to have a difference in the pitch pattern between the two syllables i.e. the first syllable was low in pitch, while the second syllable was high in pitch. It emerged that the twenty eight words could be used for establishing SRT within a normal hearing Zulu speaking population. Fur­ther research within clinical populations is recommended.

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