Phytochemical Identification, Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity Assessments of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Acroptilon repens in BALB/c Mice: A Toxicological and Mechanistic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayat Dashti ◽  
Mohammad Shokrzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Karami ◽  
Emran Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Acroptilon Repens

Acute and Subchronic (28-Day) Oral Toxicity Studies of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Lannea kerstingii Engl. And K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) Stem Bark

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Diallo ◽  
K. Eklu-Gadeg ◽  
A. Agbonon ◽  
K. Aklikokou ◽  
E.E. Creppy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Toxicity Studies

scholarly journals ACTIVE PHENOLIC CONSTITUENTS AND BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY ASSAY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Plectranthus amboinicus

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Dayana Janakiraman ◽  
Parameswari Somasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Objective: Plectranthus amboinicus, (PA) leaves contain pharmaceutically important phyto constituents that attribute to greater medicinal values. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the active principles present in the potent Hydroalcoholic extract of P.amboinicus and brine shrimp lethality studies to understand the toxicity profile of PA.Methods: An approach towards High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) screening of Hydroalcoholic extract of P.amboinicus and selective partitioning using various solvents such as Hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol were performed to identify the active principles present. Acute oral toxicity or brine shrimp lethality studies on Artemia salina L. using active fraction of PA were also attempted.Results: The HPLC profile of ethylacetate fraction of Hydroalcoholic extract showed flavonoids such as Rutin, quercetin, luteolin and gallic acid, which was found to be considerably different from Hydroalcoholic extract and this fraction also showed good acute oral toxicity effect and the LC50 value obtained was 198.630µg/ml.Conclusion: These results attribute to the pharmacological importance of the plant. Selective Isolation of individual phytochemical constituents and subjecting it to biological testing will definitely give promising results for medicinal field.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Evaluation of the Bronchorelaxant Effect of Waltheria indica L. (Malvaceae) Extracts on Rat Trachea

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rainatou Boly ◽  
Zakaline Yabre ◽  
Mathieu Nitiema ◽  
Boubacar Yaro ◽  
Jules Yoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Relaxant Effect ◽  
K Channels ◽  
Rat Trachea ◽  
Isolated Rat

Waltheria indica L. (Malvaceae) is a plant used in Burkina Faso for the treatment of various ailments including asthma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pharmacological relaxant effect of the leafy stem extracts of Waltheria indica and thereby verify claim of use in treating asthma. Aqueous decoction and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from the powdered leafy stems were screened for the presence of some phytoconstituents. The in vitro relaxant effect of the two extracts was evaluated on acetylcholine- (ACh 10−5 M) and potassium chloride- (KCl 6 × 10−2 M) induced contractions on rat-isolated tracheal preparations. To examine whether the potassium (K+) channels are involved in the relaxant effect, glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor, was used. Moreover, to assess the safety of the extracts, acute oral toxicity was carried out on mice. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, and coumarins in the hydroalcoholic extract. Tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, and coumarins were not detected in the aqueous decoction. With respective EC50 values of 1.517 ± 0.002 mg/mL and 1.433 ± 0.001 mg/mL on ACh-and KCl-provoked contractions, the hydroalcoholic extract was found more potent in relaxing the isolated rat tracheal preparations compared to the aqueous decoction. In the presence of glibenclamide, the relaxant effect of the hydroalcoholic extract (EC50 = 0.191 ± 0.002 mg/mL) increased and was higher than that of the aqueous decoction. At dose of 5000 mg/kg of body weight, the extracts did not produce deaths or any significant changes in the general behavior of mice. The results suggest that different mechanisms including modulation of calcium and potassium channels, particularly the ATP-sensitive K+ channels, could be involved in the relaxation effect. These findings could justify the traditional use of W. indica in the management of asthma.

scholarly journals Chemical fingerprint, acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from Tocoyena formosa (Cham. & Schlecht.) K. Schum

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 873-880
Author(s):  
Francisco Rafael Alves Santana Cesário ◽  
Thaís Rodrigues de Albuquerque ◽  
Giovana Mendes de Lacerda ◽  
Maria Rayane Correia de Oliveira ◽  
Bruno Anderson Fernandes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Chemical Fingerprint ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract of Cissampelos Pareira and Their Anti-Diabetic Activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif ◽  
Sadaf Jamal Gilani ◽  
Mohamad Taleuzzaman ◽  
Chandra Kala ◽  
Deepak Godara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis

Aim: The present work deals with the GC-MS-analysis of chemical constituents of hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira leaves and thier anti-diabetic activity. Methods: GC-MS analysis of extract was performed using Shimadzu QP-2010 plus with thermal desorption system 20. Acute oral toxicity of extract was done using the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline 423. Diabetes was induced by single dose of streptozotocin 65 mg/kg, i.p. to all the rats except in rats of control group. Following which oral glucose tolerance test was performed and the rats were divided into various experimental groups. Various treatments continued for 21 days. Parameters such as blood glucose level, body weight, liver enzymes, lipid profiles and oxidative markers were checked. Results: GC-MS analysis of the extract identified 25 compounds present in it. Based on acute oral toxicity study three doses of hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira leaves viz 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were selected for evaluation of anti-diabetic activity. The extracts at doses 200 and 400 mg/kg BW were able to reduce blood sugar level, liver enzymes, total cholesterol, total triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and Malondialdehyde; and enhance body weight, high density lipoprotein and Glutathione significantly when compared to rats of negative control group. The effect of extract at dose 400 mg/kg was comparable to standard Glibenclamide. Conclusion: Results conclude that the chemical constituents present in the hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira contained some anti-diabetic compounds possessing strong anti-diabetic activity.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity and Dermal and Eye Irritation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of the Seeds of “Zapote”Pouteria mammosa(L.) Cronquist

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. S. Dutok ◽  
Clara Azalea Berenguer-Rivas ◽  
Elizabeth Rodríguez-Leblanch ◽  
Liliana Pérez-Jackson ◽  
Idelsy Chil-Nuñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits

The common use ofPouteria mammosa(L.) Cronquist, “Mamey or Zapote,” in food and ethnobotanic medicine shows its low or absent toxicity as fruit extracts prepared from seeds. However, it is essential to conduct security trials to scientifically support their use in drug therapy. This study evaluated the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract (25%) Acute Oral Toxicity, obtained from the seeds ofP. mammosa, in Sprague Dawley rats and dermal and eye irritability in New Zealand rabbits. The 404 and 405 acute dermal and eye irritation/corrosion guidelines were used, as well as the 423 Acute Oral Toxicity guideline, Acute Toxic Class Method of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The aqueous extract was located in the following category: not classified as toxic (CTA 5), while hydroalcoholic extract at 25% was classified as dangerous (CTA 4). Both extracts can be used without side reaction that irritates the skin which permitted classification as potentially not irritant.P. mammosain the two extracts caused mild and reversible eye irritation, and it was classified as slightly irritating.

scholarly journals Physicochemical, Phytochemical and Toxicological Study of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Aerva javanica Roots

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Mohammed Waqas ◽  
Peeyush Kumar Sharma ◽  
Mohammad Asif ◽  
Sandeep Yadav ◽  
Chandra Kala
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Organoleptic Property

Aim: The study is aimed at determining the characters of roots of Aerva javanica (A.javanica) assessing acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract of roots of Aerva javanica. Place and Duration of Study: the physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation was carried out at Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Acute Oral Toxicity was studied at Bilwal Medchem and Research Laboratory, Jaipur Rajasthan. The duration of study June 2021 – July 2021 Methodology: The pharmacognostical characters were evaluated in terms of organoleptic property, physico-chemical parameters, and preliminary phytochemical investigation. The acute oral toxicity was determined using the 423, OECD guideline for testing of chemical, acute toxic class method. Results: The physico-chemical analysis revealed total ash; water soluble ash and, acid insoluble ash to be 6.36 ± 0.26%, 0.79 ±0.23 % and, 1.23 ± 0.34%. The water, alcohol and petroleum ether soluble extractive values were found to be 17.88± 3.54 %, 15.58 ± 1.13% and, 0.3 ± 0.13 %. The percentage yield of hydroalcoholic extract of root of A.javanica was found to be 24%. The phytochemical screening of hydroalcoholic extract revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, tannins, proteins, and fixed oil.  The acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract of root of A.javanica revealed that the extract was found to be safe till 2000 mg/kg BW. Conclusion: The results of the present study will furnish data helpful in the correct identification and authentication of roots of A.javanica. The extractive value shed light on the most suitable solvent to be chosen to obtain extract rich in phytoconstituents. The physicochemical screening furnished data on important phytoconstituents present in the hydroalcoholic extract which could be helpful in isolation and purification of desired phytoconstituents.  Acute oral toxicity study revealed that the extract is safe till 2000 mg/kg BW which could be helpful in selection of dose for future pharmacological activities.

Mechanistic study of proliferation induced by Angelica sinensis in gastric epithelial cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A145-A145
Author(s):  
C CHO ◽  
Y YE ◽  
E LIU ◽  
V SHIN ◽  
N SHAM
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Angelica Sinensis ◽  
Gastric Epithelial Cells
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