Military Service and Congressional Decision-Making: Self-Selection, Socialization, and the Vietnam Draft Lottery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Lupton
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Draft Lottery ◽  
Vietnam Draft

Military Experience and Elite Decision-Making: Self-Selection, Socialization, and the Vietnam Draft Lottery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle L Lupton
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Roll Call ◽  
Military Experience ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Draft Lottery ◽  
Vietnam Draft ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Scholars across international relations (IR) debate the role military experience plays in elite decision-making. I argue there are two critical problems with this debate. First, it fails to adequately consider the underlying mechanisms linking military service to elite policy preferences. Second, it narrowly focuses on the use of force and largely ignores other ways in which military experience may shape elite behavior. I employ vulnerability to the Vietnam draft lottery to disentangle the impact of two key mechanisms linking military service to elite preferences: self-selection and socialization. I compare the foreign and defense policy roll call votes of Members of Congress (MCs) in the House of Representatives across the 94th–113th Congresses who were eligible for the draft and served in the military to those who were eligible for the draft but did not serve. I find significant differences in the roll call voting behavior between these groups, particularly on issues associated with arming and defense budget restrictions, as well as broader oversight of the military. These effects are heightened for MCs who served on active duty, in the military longer, and in combat, providing strong support for socialization effects. My study carries implications for civil–military relations, elite decision-making, and the study of leaders in IR.

scholarly journals Un-Fortunate Sons: Effects of the Vietnam Draft Lottery on the Next Generation’s Labor Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-209
Author(s):  
Sarena Goodman ◽  
Adam Isen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
Draft Lottery ◽  
Vietnam Draft ◽  
The Universe

We examine whether the considerable shock generated by the Vietnam draft lottery affected the next generation’s labor market. Using the universe of US federal tax returns, we link fathers from draft cohorts to their sons’ adult outcomes and find that sons of fathers randomly called by the draft have lower earnings and are more likely to volunteer for military service. Our results demonstrate that malleable aspects of a parent’s life course can influence children’s labor market outcomes and provide sound evidence that policies that only directly alter the circumstances of one generation can have important long-run effects on the next. (JEL J22, J31, J45)

Caught in the Draft: The Effects of Vietnam Draft Lottery Status on Political Attitudes

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT S. ERIKSON ◽  
LAURA STOKER
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Political Socialization ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The Political ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Draft Lottery ◽  
Vietnam Draft

The 1969 Vietnam draft lottery assigned numbers to birth dates in order to determine which young men would be called to fight in Vietnam. We exploit this natural experiment to examine how draft vulnerability influenced political attitudes. Data are from the Political Socialization Panel Study, which surveyed high school seniors from the class of 1965 before and after the national draft lottery was instituted. Males holding low lottery numbers became more antiwar, more liberal, and more Democratic in their voting compared to those whose high numbers protected them from the draft. They were also more likely than those with safe numbers to abandon the party identification that they had held as teenagers. Trace effects are found in reinterviews from the 1990s. Draft number effects exceed those for preadult party identification and are not mediated by military service. The results show how profoundly political attitudes can be transformed when public policies directly affect citizens' lives.

The Opportunity Costs of Mandatory Military Service: Evidence from a Draft Lottery

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bingley ◽  
Petter Lundborg ◽  
Stéphanie Vincent Lyk-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Draft Lottery

scholarly journals Schooling and the Vietnam-Era GI Bill: Evidence from the Draft Lottery

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D Angrist ◽  
Stacey H Chen
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam Veterans ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Gi Bill ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Vietnam Era ◽  
Draft Lottery

Draft-lottery estimates of the causal effects of Vietnam-era military service using 2000 census data show marked schooling gains for veterans. We argue that these gains can be attributed to Vietnam veterans' use of the GI Bill rather than draft avoidance behavior. At the same time, draft lottery estimates of the earnings consequences of Vietnam-era service are close to zero in 2000. The earnings and schooling results can be reconciled by a flattening of the age-earnings profile in middle age and a modest economic return to the schooling subsidized by the GI Bill. Other long-run consequences of Vietnam-era service include increases in migration and public sector employment. (JEL H52, I22, I23, J24, J31, J45)

scholarly journals Long-term Consequences of Vietnam-Era Conscription: New Estimates Using Social Security Data

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D Angrist ◽  
Stacey H Chen ◽  
Jae Song
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Rapid Convergence ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Vietnam Era ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Draft Lottery ◽  
Social Security Disability ◽  
The Impact

We use the draft lottery to construct instrumental variables (IV) estimates of the impact of Vietnam-era military service on veterans' Social Security (SSA) earnings through 2007. We also use SSA data to construct IV estimates for employment (as measured by an indicator for positive earnings) and disability status (as measured by an indicator for social security disability program application). New findings for recent years show surprisingly rapid convergence in veteran and nonveteran earnings: by the early 1990s, there was no longer a substantial Vietnam-era conscription penalty. The IV estimates also show no effect on employment or disability rates.

scholarly journals Decision making abilities of the SHG members in relation to entrepreneurial activities in Saurashtra region of Gujarat

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-310
Author(s):  
Nidhi ◽  
Pushpa Kumawat ◽  
Diksha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Women's Groups ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Children Education ◽  
Self Help Group

The self help group (SHG) is generally an economically homogeneous group formed through a process of self-selection based upon the affinity of its members. Most of the SHGs are women’s groups with membership ranging between 10 and 20. The result indicated that SHG women members had highest decision score (5.14) in the area of planning for children education followed by participation in social activities (4.92 score) etc.

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