scholarly journals Un-Fortunate Sons: Effects of the Vietnam Draft Lottery on the Next Generation’s Labor Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-209
Author(s):  
Sarena Goodman ◽  
Adam Isen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
Draft Lottery ◽  
Vietnam Draft ◽  
The Universe

We examine whether the considerable shock generated by the Vietnam draft lottery affected the next generation’s labor market. Using the universe of US federal tax returns, we link fathers from draft cohorts to their sons’ adult outcomes and find that sons of fathers randomly called by the draft have lower earnings and are more likely to volunteer for military service. Our results demonstrate that malleable aspects of a parent’s life course can influence children’s labor market outcomes and provide sound evidence that policies that only directly alter the circumstances of one generation can have important long-run effects on the next. (JEL J22, J31, J45)

scholarly journals Children and Careers: How Family Size Affects Parents’ Labor Market Outcomes in the Long Run

Demography ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1773-1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Cools ◽  
Simen Markussen ◽  
Marte Strøm
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Long Run

Vocational Rehabilitation and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from World War I Veterans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Ethan Schmick
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
World War I ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
World War ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Us Census ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This article uses a linked sample of World War I Army veterans from the state of Missouri to study the impact of vocational rehabilitation on labor market outcomes for men wounded and disabled during the war. Veterans’ military service abstracts are linked to the 1940 US Census and a subset are linked to rehabilitation records. This creates a new dataset that contains information on military service, rehabilitation, and labor market outcomes. I find that 70 percent of veterans that were both wounded in action and disabled when discharged from the army participated in the rehabilitation program. These same veterans had significantly better labor market outcomes, which can be attributed to the rehabilitation program under certain assumptions.

scholarly journals Politics in the Family: Nepotism and the Hiring Decisions of Italian Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Gagliarducci ◽  
Marco Manacorda
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Hiring Decisions ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Political Office ◽  
Family Connections ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Universe

This paper studies the effect of family connections to politicians on individuals’ labor market outcomes. Using data for Italy spanning more than three decades on a sample of almost one million individuals plus data on the universe of individuals holding political office, we show that politicians extract significant rents, in terms of private sector jobs, for their family members. We present evidence consistent with the hypothesis that this phenomenon is a form of corruption, i.e., a quid pro quo exchange between firms and politicians, although arguably an inferior substitute for easier-to-detect modes of rent appropriation on the part of politicians. (JEL D72, D73, J23, K42, M51, Z13)

scholarly journals Tipping and the Effects of Segregation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Böhlmark ◽  
Alexander Willén
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Ethnic Population ◽  
Population Composition ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Long Run

We analyze how neighborhood ethnic population composition affects the short- and long-run education and labor market outcomes of natives and immigrants. To overcome the problem of nonrandom sorting across neighborhoods, we borrow theoretical insights from the tipping point literature and exploit estimated tipping thresholds as instruments for changes in ethnic population composition. Our results provide little evidence in support of the idea that living in a neighborhood with a higher immigrant share leads to worse outcomes. (JEL I20, J15, J24, R23)

Overview of Vocational Rehabilitation Data about People with Visual Impairments: Demographics, Services, and Long-Run Labor Market Trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Clapp ◽  
John V. Pepper ◽  
Robert Schmidt ◽  
Steven Stern
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Long Run ◽  
State Variation

Introduction: This study describes the characteristics of, services received by, and labor market outcomes of applicants with visual impairments to three state vocational rehabilitation programs. Our objective is to both document cross-state variation in vocational rehabilitation clientele and services and provide new insights on the longitudinal labor market outcomes of clients with visual impairments (i.e., blindness or low vision). This analysis is a first step in assessing the returns to vocational rehabilitation services for this population. Methods: We first created a unique longitudinal data set by matching administrative records on applicants who are visually impaired in state fiscal year 2007 from three vocational rehabilitation agencies to 8 years of employment data from state Unemployment Insurance programs. Using these data, we examined cross-state variation in the descriptive statistics for important client explanatory variables and vocational rehabilitation service categories. We then compared the long-term labor market outcomes of clients receiving services (treated) to untreated individuals. Results: We documented two important findings. First, there were substantial differences in client characteristics, services provided, and costs across the three states. Second, the long-run labor market analysis was consistent with vocational rehabilitation services having no employment effect but a positive earnings effect. Discussion: Labor market results indicate vocational rehabilitation services provided persistent earnings benefits. Yet the substantial cross-state heterogeneity suggests these labor market results might not be generalizable and should be interpreted with caution. We explain what was missing from this analysis and why the results should not be thought of as causal. Implications for Practitioners: This article gives practitioners a sense of a unique new data set on vocational rehabilitation and labor market variables for applicants with visual impairments. We highlight the importance of cross-state variation and linking vocational rehabilitation data to long-term employment measures. The question of how best to inform the efficacy of different vocational rehabilitation strategies for clients with visual impairments is left for future researchers to consider.

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