Marketing social et changement de comportement dans la santé publique en Algérie : vers une automédication responsable (Social Marketing and Behavioral Change in Public Health in Algeria: Towards Responsible Selfmedication)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naima Labiad ◽  
Aimad Datoussaid
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Marketing Social ◽  
Sante Publique

scholarly journals Implementation of a national epidemiological surveillance of prison suicide in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Chan Chee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Public Health Priority ◽  
Health Priority ◽  
Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽  
Prison Health ◽  
Sante Publique

Abstract Context Worldwide, suicide is a leading cause of death in prison. In France, suicide of prisoners accounts for more than 100 deaths per year representing about half of the total deaths in prison. Moreover, suicide rates in French prisons are seven times higher than in the community and are among the highest in Europe. Reducing prison suicide is a public health priority inscribed in a joint action plan of both the Ministries of health and of justice. In order to prevent this tragic loss of life, prison services and health services must collaborate for the monitoring and understanding of the risk factors involved. The aims of an epidemiologic surveillance of prison suicide are to gather information about the medical factors and factors related to prison environment, analyze them and eventually produce recommendations for prevention. Methods After months of consultation between Santé publique France, different administrations and professionals working in prison, a common methodology was set up. As from January 2017, whenever a suicide or suspected death occurs in prison, the Direction of the Prison Administration (DAP) informs Santé publique France, who in turn sends to the medical practitioner in charge of the prison health services a questionnaire including the history before detention: morbidity, addiction, attempted suicide, and during detention: contact with prison health services, diagnosis and final contact prior to death. Each year, the DAP sends to Santé publique France the sociodemographic, administrative, judiciary and prison environmental data of the persons. Results In 2017, data were collected for 106 suicides from 71 prisons: 95% males, 49% remand, 44% murder or sexual assault, median incarceration time 96 days. Questionnaires were returned from prison practitioners for 100 cases (94%): regular contact 83%, prior suicide attempt 23%. Conclusions Feasibility of a prison suicide surveillance is only possible with the implication of both prison and health services. Key messages Reducing death by suicide in prison is a public health priority. Feasibility of a prison suicide surveillance is only possible with the implication of both prison and health services.

scholarly journals Measles, Mickey and the Media: News Coverage of the 2015 Disneyland Outbreak

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Greenberg ◽  
Gabriela Capurro ◽  
Eve Dubé ◽  
S. Michelle Driedger
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
The Media ◽  
Professionnels De La Santé ◽  
Central Characters ◽  
Sante Publique

Background  Outbreaks of disease are common fodder for political debate and public discourse. In the past decade alone, health officials have faced a steady stream of serious public health threats, from H1N1 to Ebola and Zika, as well as large outbreaks of measles and other highly contagious illnesses. These incidents command intense media attention and focus public conversation around questions of risk and responsibility.Analysis  This article examines major frames in Canadian news coverage of the Disneyland measles outbreak in 2015 to show how public health events are translated into social problems that magnify moral and political concerns. It discusses how parents who reject or express worries about vaccination were portrayed, and traces which solutions were presented to address the problem of vaccine preventable illness. Conclusion and implications  Media coverage focused heavily on “anti-vaxxers” as central characters in the outbreak story. The coverage conformed largely to an established biomedical narrative, in which medical and health experts set the definitional parameters around the outbreak causes and consequences, and the preventive measures that should be taken to prevent future occurrences.Contexte  Immanquablement, les épidémies sont un sujet répandu dans les débats politiques et les discours publics. Dans la dernière décennie seulement, les professionnels de la santé ont dû gérer maintes menaces de santé publique, du H1N1 jusqu’à l’Ébola et le Zika, ainsi que des poussées importantes de rougeole et autres maladies contagieuses. Ces incidents ont grandement attiré l’attention des médias et soulèvent dans les conversations publiques des questions de risque et de responsabilité. Analyse  Cet article examine les cadres utilisés lors de la couverture médiatique canadienne d’une épidémie de rougeole à Disneyland en 2015 afin de montrer comment une telle couverture peut transformer des défis de santé publique en problèmes sociaux et soulever des questions morales et politiques particulières. L’article discute en outre de la manière dont les médias dépeignent les parents qui expriment leurs inquiétudes face à la vaccination ou qui la rejettent carrément, et examine les solutions proposées pour contrer les maladies évitables par vaccination. Conclusions et implications  Dans l’affaire Disneyland, les médias se sont concentrés sur les opposants à la vaccination. La couverture médiatique s’est largement conformée à une narration biomédicale conventionnelle dans laquelle les experts de la santé ont établi les paramètres définitionnels des causes et conséquences de l’épidémie ainsi que les mesures à prendre pour empêcher de futurs cas.

scholarly journals Postmodern Rhetorics of Technology: The Montreal Fluoridation Controversy

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Charland
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
Rhetorical Discourse ◽  
Deliberative Rhetoric ◽  
Sante Publique

Abstract: Montreal's recent controversy over water fluoridation illustrates the challenge to deliberative rhetoric within postmodernity. The dispute ultimately turns on the claim to knowledge of public health officials. No non-controversial meta-narrative stands to legitimate their character and claims. Rhetorical discourse performs the impossible task of rendering the incommensurable to the court of judgment. Résumé: La récente controverse sur la fluoration de l'eau à Montréal illustre bien le défi que pose la post-modernité à la rhétorique délibérative. Le différend met en cause le discours scientifique des organismes de santé publique. Aucun grand récit possède suffisamment d'autorité pour légitimer leur caractère et leur propos. La rhétorique effectue l'impossible tâche de traduire l'incommensurable devant la cour du jugement.

scholarly journals A Public Health Perspective on HPV Vaccination: Response to The HPV Vaccination Campaign: A Project of Moral Regulation in an Era of Biopolitics

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liane Macdonald ◽  
Shelley Deeks ◽  
Carolyn Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Promotion De La Santé ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Time Sensitivity ◽  
Sante Publique

Abstract Connell and Hunt’s critique (2010) raises important questions and concerns about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Canada. We offer a public health perspective on several key issues, including the merits of implementing population-based HPV vaccination programs in Canada; the time-sensitivity of HPV vaccination; and, the non-judgmental approach to sexual health promotion for youth championed by Canadian public health organizations. Résumé La critique de Connell et Hunt (2010) soulève d'importantes questions et préoccupations concernant la vaccination contre le virus du papillome humain (VPH) au Canada. Nous offrons une perspective de santé publique sur quelques questions clés, y compris la raisonnement pour des programmes systématiques de vaccination contre le VPH au Canada, la sensibilité au temps de la vaccination HPV, et l'approche non moralisateur àla promotion de la santé sexuelle pour les jeunes adoptés par les agences de santé publique canadiennes.

scholarly journals Syndromic surveillance and UEFA Euro 2016 in France – Health impact assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Fougère ◽  
Céline Caserio-Schönemann ◽  
Jamel Daoudi ◽  
Anne Fouillet ◽  
Marc Ruello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance System ◽  
Health Event ◽  
Sante Publique

ObjectiveTo describe the surveillance indicators implemented for the healthimpact assessment of a potential health event occurring before, duringor after the UEFA Euro 2016 football matches in order to timelyimplement control and prevention measures.IntroductionFrance hosted 2016 UEFA European Football Championshipbetween June 10 and July 10. In the particular context of severalterrorist attacks occurring in France in 2015 [1], the French nationalpublic health agency « Santé publique France » (formerly FrenchInstitute for Public Health Surveillance-InVS) was mandated bythe Ministry of Health to reinforce health population surveillancesystems during the UEFA 2016 period. Six French regions and10 main stadiums hosted 51 matches and several official andnonofficial dedicated Fan Zones were implemented in many citiesacross national territory. Three types of hazard have been identified inthis context: outbreak of contagious infectious disease, environmentalexposure and terrorist attack.The objectives of health surveillance of this major sportingevent were the same as for an exceptional event including massgathering [2] : 1/ timely detection of a health event (infectiouscluster, environmental pollution, collective foodborne disease...)to investigate and timely implement counter measures (control andprevention), 2/ health impact assessment of an unexpected event.The French national syndromic surveillance system SurSaUD® wasone of the main tools for timely health impact assessment in thecontext of this event.MethodsFrench national syndromic SurSaUD® system has been setup in 2004 and supervised by Santé publique France for 12 years.It allows the daily automatic collation of individual data from over650 emergency departments (ED) involved in the OSCOUR®network and 61 emergency general practitioners’ (GPs) associations(SOS Médecins) [3]. About 60,000 attendances in ED (88% of thenational attendances) and 8,000 visits in SOS Médecins associations(95% of the national visits) are daily recorded all over the territoryand transmitted to Santé publique France.Medical information such as provisional medical diagnosiscoded according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10thRevision (ICD-10) for EDs and specific thesaurus for SOS Médecinsis routinely monitored through different syndromic indicators (SI).SI are defined by medically relevant clusters of one or severaldiagnoses, serving as proxies for conditions of public health interest.From June 10 to July 10, 19 SI were daily analyzed throughautomatic national and regional dashboards. SI were divided into3 groups of public health surveillance interest :1/ description of population health: injuries, faintness, myocardialinfarction, alcohol, asthma, heat-related symptoms, anxious troubles ;2/ infectious diseases/symptoms with epidemic potential ordiseases/symptoms linked with an environmental exposure: fever,fever associated with cutaneous rash, meningitis, pneumonia,gastroenteritis, collective foodborne disease ;3/ symptoms potentially linked with a CBRN-E exposure:influenza-like illness, burns, conjunctivitis, dyspnea/ difficultybreathing, neurological troubles, acute respiratory failure.Daily analysis were integrated into specific UEFA 2016surveillance bulletins and daily sent to the Ministry of Healthincluding week-ends.ResultsSI followed during the UEFA Euro 2016 period were nonspecificand potentially affected or influenced by several events appart fromthe championship. Between June 10 and July 10, two moderateheat-wave periods occurred on a large part of mainland France : thefirst one from June 22 to 25 (beginning in the West-South of Franceand then moving North and East of the country) and the secondone from July 8 to 11 in the East-South. An increase in heat-relatedindicators (hyperthermia/heat stroke, dehydration, hyponatremia andburns) has been observed during both periods in five French regionsincluding four hosting regions. Only minor increases in the other SIfollowed during the Euro 2016 period were observed.ConclusionsHealth surveillance implemented during 2016 UEFA EuropeanFootball Championship through a daily analysis of non-specificSI from the French syndromic surveillance system SurSaUD® didnot show any major variation associated with the sporting event.The observed variations were related with specific environmentalconditions (heat-waves). Together with the health surveillancesystem, preventive plans were set up during the event essentially byoffering flyers with information and useful tips on the main preventiveattitudes and measures to adopt in a summer festive context (risksassociated with alcohol and drug intake, injuries, heat and sunexposure, dehydration, unprotected sexual behaviour...).

scholarly journals Milieux relationnels Xpey’ : un cadre analytique pour conceptualiser l’équité en santé autochtone

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 443-451
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kent ◽  
Charlotte Loppie ◽  
Jeannine Carriere ◽  
Marjorie MacDonald ◽  
Bernie Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
Système De Santé ◽  
Accès Aux Soins ◽  
Santé Autochtone ◽  
Déterminants Sociaux ◽  
Peuples Autochtones ◽  
Reference Et ◽  
Sante Publique

Introduction Si la recherche sur l’équité en santé et la recherche sur la santé autochtone ont toutes deux pour objectif de promouvoir des résultats équitables en santé parmi les populations marginalisées et à moindre accès aux soins, elles fonctionnent souvent de manière indépendante et sans collaboration, conduisant à une sous-représentation des populations autochtones dans la recherche sur l’équité en santé relativement au fardeau disproportionné des inégalités subies. Dans cet article méthodologique, nous présentons Milieux relationnels Xpey’, un cadre analytique qui décrit certains obstacles et éléments facilitateurs en matière d’équité en santé pour les peuples autochtones. Méthodologie La recherche sur l’équité en santé doit se concentrer sur les populations autochtones et les méthodologies autochtonisées, changement qui pourrait combler les lacunes dans les connaissances et contribuer à combler le fossé observé en santé autochtone. Dans ce cadre, le programme de recherche Optique d’équité en santé publique (Equity Lens in Public Health, ELPH) a adopté le cadre analytique Milieux relationnels Xpey’ pour que la recherche sur la priorisation et la mise en oeuvre de l’équité en santé soit davantage centrée sur les populations autochtones. Le cadre analytique a ajouté à notre méthodologie une optique autochtonisée d’équité en santé qui a facilité la reconnaissance des déterminants sociaux, structurels et systémiques de la santé autochtone. Pour éprouver ce cadre analytique, nous avons mené une étude de cas pilote portant sur l’une des autorités sanitaires régionales de la Colombie-Britannique, consistant en un examen des politiques et des plans de référence et intégrant des entrevues et des groupes de travail avec du personnel de première ligne, des gestionnaires et des hauts dirigeants. Conclusion L’application à ELPH de Milieux relationnels Xpey’ illustre l’utilité de ce cadre analytique pour explorer et conceptualiser l’équité en santé autochtone dans le système de santé publique de la Colombie-Britannique. Des applications du cadre analytique devront être intégrées aux méthodes de recherche sur les Autochtones.

scholarly journals The Other Public Health Crises…/Les autres crises de santé publique...

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
James Douketis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Santé Publique ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Sante Publique

This issue of the Journal addresses two of these public health crises, the third being the opioid crisis. Ce numéro de la Revue aborde deux de ces crises de santé publique, la troisième étant la crise des opiacés.

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