18-19 (The Trade Relations of the Russian Empire and Korea in the 18-19 Centuries)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nikolaevich Shkunov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Russian Empire

Ottoman-Russian Relations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Brisku
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Military Alliances ◽  
Military Reform ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
The Russian Empire

Four-centuries-long encounters between the Ottoman Empire and the Grand Duchy of Muscovy/Russian Empire point to complex relations that have been triggered and defined mostly by territorial, trade disputes, and wars, and maintained by diplomatic rivalry and occasional military alliances. Starting as friendly encounters during Sultan Bayezid II reign at the beginning of the 16th century, these relations, essentially and persistently asymmetrical, reveal an initial and long Ottoman dominance over the Muscovy/Russian side; one that lasted from the early 16th to the late 18th century—whereby the two sides shared no direct borders, traded and did not fight each other until the late 17th century—followed by a late 18th-century and mid-19th-century Russian ascendency. This ascendency was achieved largely thanks to the military reform that Tsar/Emperor Peter the Great undertook, namely, the establishment of a standing and professional army and consequentially due to the many wars that Russia won throughout the 19th century; the decisive ones being those fought during the reign of Empress Catherine the Great. The mid-19th century and the early 20th century—which witnessed the implosion of the Russian Empire due to the Bolshevik Revolution and the break-up of the Ottoman Empire by Britain and France—was a long period that saw few and brief military alliances, contested trade relations and yet continued wars. It was ultimately marred by an Ottoman drive to counterbalance Russia’s dominance, while the latter sought to preserve it, by involving other European powers (British and French)—the most crucial moment being the British, French, and Ottoman armies defeating the Russian one in the Crimean War (1853–1856)—transforming their bilateral interactions into multilateral but unsustainable relations.

scholarly journals THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE QUARANTINE AND HEALTH POLICY IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE XVIII CENTURY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 671-674
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Shkunov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Unique Experience ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the history and development of the sanitary service in the Russian Empire in the XVIII century, the implementation of state quarantine policy in the territory of a vast state. Special attention is given to legislative measures to ensure relevant measures for the prevention and spread of epidemics and epizootics in connection with the expansion of trade and economic relations of Russia with foreign countries. There was proposed the periodization of state quarantine policies during the XVIII century. The establishment of quarantine at customs houses marked the beginning of a new phase in the implementation of state quarantine policies that have received systemic nature. For the first time in Russian history, there were worked out unified approaches to organizing primary health care. The expansion of trade relations of Russia with foreign countries has caused the need to gather information on the presence of epidemics abroad. With this goal, our diplomats, and the Russian merchants arriving from abroad were obliged to inform the border service of the spread of infectious diseases. The article proves both the level of the development of sanitary and quarantine cases in the XVIII century are not inferior to European. This was due, in particular, the fact that the service in the Russian Empire invited the best physicians from different European countries. Also by the end of the century, Russia has accumulated a unique experience in the sphere of health protection, hygiene, and quarantine. Special attention has been paid to the rules of trade in foodstuffs in the settlements. In the army and navy, there were legally established measures to comply with sanitary-hygienic and preventive requirements. A significant role in health education of the population in the Russian Empire played the Russian Orthodox Church

scholarly journals Professional education on the outlying territories of the Russian Empire in the 1880s – early 19th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
Maria V. Rygalova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
The Russian Empire

The development of professional educational institutions in Russia has become a necessary stage in the development of education. This is due to changes in the socio-economic sphere, the growth and development of trade relations, the development of technical knowledge, as well as the need for specialists in these areas. The Russian Empire underwent modernization processes. This required providing all spheres (economy, social sphere) with trained personnel. This led to the establishment of a network of professional educational institutions. On the outlying territories this happened several decades later and they had their own specifics, for example, the composition of the population (a large percentage of the indigenous population, peasant migrants), as well as the low level of literacy in general. In addition, the establishment of professional educational institutions on these territories was dictated by the private need for a particular area, often a city and a county. Mainly Russian settlers got professional education. However, by the beginning of the 20th century there were more and more students from the indigenous population who were aware of the need and importance of education, who wanted to participate in all-Russian modernization processes.

scholarly journals TRADE RELATIONS BETWEEN BUKHARA AND RUSSIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY - THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY// Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects Journal 3(11), 2019/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Mark Freeman - Barcelona, Spain. 16.03.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - pp. 55-60.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayzulla Ochildiyev
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Chief Editor ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Political Actions

This article discusses the history of trade relations between the Bukhara emirate and Russia in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as products exported from Bukhara to Russia, the development of trade relations between the two countries over the years. The trade relations of the Bukhara merchants with Orenburg, Orsk, Tyumen, Astrakhan, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan and other cities were studied. Studies of the Russian empire in Central Asia, extensive military and political actions against the khanates, the creation of a Russian political agency in Bukhara, railway access to Bukhara and cotton cultivation in the country by the Russian government, pursuing their own interests, were discussed. development industry.

On the Emergence of Russian-South African Business Links. Allan Bowe, Faberge’s Business Partner

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
Boris Gorelik
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Business Partnership ◽  
Childhood And Youth ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Arrival ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
International Success

Allan Bowe, a Cape-born entrepreneur in the Russian Empire, has not been mentioned in literature on the history of Russian-South African contacts. However, his long business partnership with Carl Fabergé should be considered in this context, primarily because it took place when Russia and the territories that are now part of South Africa, apparently, had no trade relations yet. Henry Allan Talbot Bowe, known in Russia as “Allan Andreyevich Bo”, can be rightfully regarded as a South African. He spent his childhood and youth in the Cape Colony, mostly in Namaqualand, a region dominated by native speakers of languages that had originated in Africa. Contrary to the established notion that “the exquisite artistic taste and amazing energy of Carl Fabergé” were the main reason for the international success of this business, it owed much to the work of his companion, A. Bowe. The latter contributed to the development of the largest jewellery company in the Russian Empire and its international reputation in the 1880s–1890s. As a founder and co-owner of the Fabergé Moscow branch, he organised and managed the largest jewellery factory in the country. Bowe also expanded the company’s presence abroad by establishing the London branch (as a joint owner with Fabergé) and building up clientele securing orders for bespoke jewellery pieces in Europe, Southeast Asia and North America. The first arrival of Bowe in Russia was almost accidental, but he became deeply involved in the business life of Moscow – so much so that he returned to that city after he had dissolved his partnership with Fabergé. Being possibly the first successful South African-born entrepreneur in Russia, he deserves a prominent place in the history of relations between our countries. It implies that the emergence of Russian-South African business links can be traced to the 1880s, when Bowe started his business in Moscow.

scholarly journals Participants of Russian Naval Expeditions on the Political and Legal and Socio-Economic Situation of the Turkmen of the East Caspian Region (Mid-18th – Mid-19th c.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Roman Pochekaev
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Political Structure ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Russian Empire

Introduction. The aim of the paper is to study the notes of the participants of Russian naval expeditions to the east coast of the Caspian Sea since the middle of 18th to the second half of 19th c. as a source of information on the political and legal position of local Turkmen tribes. Another aim is to analyze the significance of this information for the further advance of the Russian Empire to Central Asia. Methods and materials. The sources of the study are official reports of the heads of expeditions, scientific works and, in some cases, memoirs of the participants. The methods used in the paper are critical analysis of textual sources, historical and legal study, comparative historical analysis, institutional approach. Analysis. The notes of the participants of Russian naval expeditions contain valuable and sometimes unique information on specific features of the social and political structure of nomadic tribes of the East Caspian region including the political structure of tribes, legal regulation of different fields of relations, such as trade relations, extractive activities, settlement o conflicts, etc. The comparative analysis of the notes demonstrates that by the middle of 19th c. the evaluation of East Caspian nomads became more critical and strict. This reflected the views of Russian political circles on the necessity to strengthen the positions of the Russian Empire in Central Asia even by military methods. Results. Information of the participants of Russian naval expeditions is of great value as they were eye-witnesses or even participants of political, legal and socioeconomic relations in the region. These notes became a part of the informative and ideological base for the further advance of the Russian Empire to Central Asia.

TRADE RELATIONS OF THE BUKHARA EMIRATE THROUGH THE AMUDARYA WATERWAY AND CROSSING

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Shukhrat A. Allamuratov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Amu Darya ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article is devoted to the trade relations of the Bukhara Emirate through the waterway of the Amu Darya and the crossings. In particular, the entry of the Amu Darya flotilla, the role of the flotilla and local ships in the transport of commercial goods on the banks of the Amu Darya, outlined the establishment of control of the Russian Empire at customs points and crossings along the Amu Darya. The study of the state of trade with the countries of the East through the ancient caravan routes, the waterways of the Amu Darya and the crossings of the region plays an important role in illuminating the unexplored pages of our history. It is also important to study the establishment of control of the Russian Empire at checkpoints and customs points on the Bukhara-Afghan border along the Amu Darya, transit trade routes through the emirate to Afghanistan, Iran and India in order to serve the interests of the policy of the great Russian Empire

scholarly journals History of Surkhan Oasis Trade Relations in the Press Periodicals

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-566
Author(s):  
M. Begalieva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Irrigation Potential ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

In the article analyses information in the press periodicals about geographical location, climate, irrigation potential, agricultural production, agricultural trade, activities of primary industrial enterprises of Surkhan oasis in the period of the Russian Empire

D. I. Mendeleev’s “cherished thoughts” on foreign trade and “proper protectionism”

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-139
Author(s):  
T. N. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
American Scholar ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Competition Growth

Foreign trade policy and its role in the economic growth of the national economy are considered through the prism of history and comparison of the formation of the industrial economy in the Russian Empire and the North American United States. The author compares the protectionism of D. I. Mendeleev, described in his economic works, and the free trade thinking of the American scholar W. Sumner, who formulated the “misconceptions” of protectionism. Mendeleev’s proper protectionism is grounded on the basic principles (incentivizing internal competition, growth of consumption, bringing up of new industries ), which are relevant for contemporary Russia. The author gives a typical example of the formation and decline of the factory industry using the case of mirror factories in the Ryazan province. These historical analogies, the paper argues, are necessary for the correct assessment of the current situation and for coming up with valid solutions aimed at the development of the Russian economy.

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