D. I. Mendeleev’s “cherished thoughts” on foreign trade and “proper protectionism”

Foreign trade policy and its role in the economic growth of the national economy are considered through the prism of history and comparison of the formation of the industrial economy in the Russian Empire and the North American United States. The author compares the protectionism of D. I. Mendeleev, described in his economic works, and the free trade thinking of the American scholar W. Sumner, who formulated the “misconceptions” of protectionism. Mendeleev’s proper protectionism is grounded on the basic principles (incentivizing internal competition, growth of consumption, bringing up of new industries ), which are relevant for contemporary Russia. The author gives a typical example of the formation and decline of the factory industry using the case of mirror factories in the Ryazan province. These historical analogies, the paper argues, are necessary for the correct assessment of the current situation and for coming up with valid solutions aimed at the development of the Russian economy.

A Review on Optimization of Plasma Arc Cutting Parameters Using Taguchi Method for EN19

The Last few years there is tremendous research in machining and development in technology. According to present scenario about competition growth in the market and to attain high accuracy now a days the nonconventional machining are become lifeline of any industry. One of the most important non-conventional machining methods is plasma arc cutting and also considered a challenging technology compared to its similar technology like oxy-fuel and laser cutting. It has high finishing and accuracy ability of machining any materials and to produce complex shape increases its demand in market. Optimization of Plasma arc cutting has always been an open research area for researchers. In thesis work literature has been studied in context to optimization of plasma arc cutting parameter. In order to achieve target and optimum results, Taguchi method employed. The suitable orthogonal array has been selected as per number of factors and there levels to perform minimum experimentation. The work pieces of EN19grade materials will be selected for experiment purpose. The optimum value will have been determined with the help of ANOVA Method. The aim of present article is to identify various process parameters and response variables which has significant effect on plasma arc cutting process.

Soziale Marktwirtschaft damals und heute

The German currency reform on 20 June 1948, together with a comprehensive liberalization of prices as well as monopoly control formed the basis for the post-war West German economic miracle, which became the economic backbone of the European integration process. 70 years later, little remains of the basic principles of the social market economy. An increasingly expansive monetary policy of the European Central Bank undermines competition, growth and social cohesion in Europe, which puts political stability at risk. To ensure economic, political and social stability in Europe, a return to the principles of Walter Eucken und Ludwig Erhard is necessary.

INCREASE OF ORDERS COMPETITIVENESS AT THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

Competition growth, increase of requirements to production quality and services on the part of custom-ers and, being a consequence of it, growth of uncertain-ty in many markets force the increasing number of machine-building enterprises to focus their production and economic structure and a control system on work by consumer order. The article formulates the main approaches to management of production systems. Actions for in-creasing competitiveness of enterprise orders on the basis of internal potential are worked out. The structure of transformational production is considered. Reserves of increasing technical and economic efficiency for the purpose of competitive orders portfolio formation are revealed.

Preferred Growth Orientation of Cementite Carbide by Phase-Field Simulation

A morphological evolution of the crystals growth has been investigated using two dimensional (2D) multi-phasefield (MPF) simulations. Cementite carbide growth is taken as an example in the present case, while concern is given in simulating the preferred growth orientation of the carbide. In order to evaluate competitive growth between carbide seeds, variations on carbide seed orientation have been implemented. In the present model, variation of the seed orientations are embedded on the interfacial energy, thereby the anisotropy characteristic of interfacial energy can be obtained. Simulation utilized homogenous grain orientation that less than the preferred growth orientation results insignificant grain growths (first case). In the opposite way, simulation utilized homogenous grains orientation that equal or more then the preferred growth orientation, results in the homogenous significant grain growth (second case). On the other hand, simulation utilized heterogenous grains orientation involving grains in the first and second case, results a competition growth that inhibit and diminish the grains in the first case. It can be concluded that the present simulations works can shows the existence of preferred orientation growth during grain growth phenomena including the growth of cementite carbide phase.

Grain Competitive Growth Prediction during Solidification in Single Crystal Superalloy DD6 Castings

Competitive growth and grain selection were simulated and analyzed during the directional solidification with the conditions for single crystal superalloy DD6 castings using Commercial software, ProCAST. A three dimensional cellular automaton (CA) model coupled with finite-element (FE) heat flow calculation was applied. Measurements at the grain scale were made using the EBSD method at the cross sections in the starter block and grain selector at an interval of 4 mm from the chill surface. The grain characteristics and the rules of competition growth were obtained. The validity of the simulation results were compared with those of the experiment. It concluded that the model-predicted tendency shows satisfactory agreement with the experiment. Increasing the distance from the chill decreases the number of grains, increases the radius of grains and drives the crystallization orientation of grains to principal stress orientation.