Controversies in the Definition of “Iso” Soil Temperature Regimes

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tejedor ◽  
C. Jiménez ◽  
M. Rodríguez ◽  
J. Neris
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Definition Of

COMPARISON OF CANADIAN AND AMERICAN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS FOR SOME ARCTIC SOILS OF THE UNGAVA-LABRADOR PENINSULA

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. HENDERSHOT
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Shallow Depth ◽  
American System ◽  
Arctic Soils ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Definition Of

Thirteen pedons in an arctic environment were classified according to the Canadian and American systems of soil classification. Major differences in groupings result from the contrasting approaches. Although the definition used in Canada to define Cryosols is sometimes difficult to apply in the field, the underlying concept is valid, since soils with permafrost at a shallow depth should be separated at the highest level of classification. The American system virtually ignores the influence of permafrost on pedogenesis. Its reliance on soil temperature regimes at both the great group and subgroup levels is redundant. It is suggested that the definition of Cryosols, in the Canadian system, be changed to include strongly cryoturbated soils with very cold or colder soil temperature regimes. The American system should be altered to provide for pergelic great groups; in addition permafrost and strong cryoturbation should be used to create new subgroups. The requirement that a cambic horizon have a texture finer than loamy fine sand should be waived in soils having cryic or pergelic soil temperature regimes. Key words: Cryosols, cryoturbated soils, permafrost, pergelic soils

A Revised Force–Restore Model for Land Surface Modeling

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1768-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diandong Ren ◽  
Ming Xue
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Deep Layer ◽  
Additional Term ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
Temperature Prediction ◽  
Land Surface Modeling ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract To clarify the definition of the equation for the temperature toward which the soil skin temperature is restored, the prediction equations in the commonly used force–restore model for soil temperature are rederived from the heat conduction equation. The derivation led to a deep-layer temperature, commonly denoted T2, that is defined as the soil temperature at depth πd plus a transient term, where d is the e-folding damping depth of soil temperature diurnal oscillations. The corresponding prediction equation for T2 has the same form as the commonly used one except for an additional term involving the lapse rate of the “seasonal mean” soil temperature and the damping depth d. A term involving the same also appears in the skin temperature prediction equation, which also includes a transient term. In the literature, T2 was initially defined as the short-term (over several days) mean of the skin temperature, but in practice it is often used as the deep-layer temperature. Such inconsistent use can lead to drift in T2 prediction over a several-day period, as is documented in this paper. When T2 is properly defined and initialized, large drift in T2 prediction is avoided and the surface temperature prediction is usually improved. This is confirmed by four sets of experiments, each for a period during each season of 2000, that are initialized using and verified against measurements of the Oklahoma Atmospheric Surface-Layer Instrumentation System (OASIS) project.

Soil Temperature Regimes in Nevada

1983 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 977-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Schmidlin ◽  
F. F. Peterson ◽  
R. O. Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes

scholarly journals HOW SOIL TEMPERATURE REGIMES CHANGE AS THE CLIMATE WARMS – SHORT COMMUNICATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Karvonen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Use

Finnish soil temperature regimes have been pergelic, cryic, and frigid, where pergelic is coldest and unsuitable for agricultural use. The study monitored soil temperatures at a soil depth of 50 cm in 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 to look at how the soil temperature regimes have changed. Probably, as a result of climate warming the soil temperature regimes in Southern Finland in the Helsinki region at a latitude of 60–61°N have raised from cryic and pergelic to warmer mesic over a period of ten years.

scholarly journals Equilibrium order parameters of nematic liquid crystals in the Landau-de Gennes theory

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
APALA MAJUMDAR
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Energy Functional ◽  
Order Parameters ◽  
Tensor Order ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Explicit Bounds ◽  
Scalar Order ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gennes Theory ◽  
The Continuum

We study equilibrium liquid crystal configurations in three-dimensional geometries, within the continuum Landau-de Gennes theory. We obtain explicit bounds for the equilibrium scalar order parameters in terms of the temperature and material-dependent constants. We explicitly quantify the temperature regimes where the Landau-de Gennes predictions match and the temperature regimes where the Landau-de Gennes predictions do not match the probabilistic second-moment definition of the Q-tensor order parameter. The regime of agreement may be interpreted as the regime of validity of the Landau-de Gennes theory since the Landau-de Gennes theory predicts large values of the equilibrium scalar order parameters – larger than unity, in the low-temperature regime. We discuss a modified Landau-de Gennes energy functional which yields physically realistic values of the equilibrium scalar order parameters in all temperature regimes.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relationship between Litter + Duff Consumption and Post-Fire Soil Temperature Regimes

Fire ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Crystal N. Smith ◽  
Donald L. Hagan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Burn Treatment ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Dormant Season ◽  
And Control

The immediate effects of wildland fire on soil have been well documented. However, we know much less about the longer-term effects and their implications for plants. Post-fire soil temperature regimes, for example, have received relatively little research attention, despite potential effects on plant phenology and establishment. Using portable temperature datalogger units (iButtons), we conducted an experimental study to assess how fire severity (measured in terms of litter and duff consumption) influences biologically relevant temperature parameters such as diel minimums, maximums, means, and ranges. We also used these data to calculate cumulative soil growing degree days (GDDs). The study was conducted during the early to mid-spring to capture the transition from dormant season to growing season. Results indicate that mean and max soil temperatures increase in the weeks after fire, with the most pronounced effects in the higher severity treatments. By the end of the 40-day study period, soils in the high severity burn treatment had accumulated 72 GDDs, compared to 17.9, 13.6, and 1.4 in moderate, low, and control treatments, respectively. These findings indicate that fire severity has significant and persistent effects on post-fire soil temperature regimes, and this likely has implications for the post-fire vegetation response.

scholarly journals A Technique for Imposing Separate Temperature Regimes on Pods and Roots of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)1

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Golombek ◽  
K. D. V. Prasad ◽  
K. Chandrasekhar ◽  
C. Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Final Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Field Management ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Night Period

Abstract Recent studies have shown marked effects of soil temperature on growth, development, and seed composition of peanut. Knowledge about how soil temperature affects pods and roots separately could provide useful information for field management and genetic manipulation. To facilitate such investigations, a technique was developed which allows imposition of different temperature regimes to the pods and the roots separately. Pods and roots were grown in different compartments that have soil temperature controlled by separate water baths. Day/night temperature regimes of 28/22 and 40/34 C with a 12-hr ‘day’ and 12-hr ‘night’ period were imposed to the pod and root compartments separately in all four possible combinations of these temperature regimes. The temperature change between the ‘day’ and ‘night’ period occured mainly within the first 2 brand the transition to tbe final temperature required up to 5 hr. After adjustment to the ‘day’ or ‘night’ temperatures, the temperatures ranged in the 40/34 C treatment between the programmed temperature and 0.6 C less (root compartments) or 0.8 C less (pod compartments); and the maximal fluctuation in the 28/22 C treatment is ± 0.3 C (root compartments) or ± 0.6 C (pod compartments).

Soil temperature regimes in Cameroon as defined in soil taxonomy

Geoderma ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jef Embrechts ◽  
René Tavernier
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Temperature Regimes
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