Indirect Effects of Cover Crops on Dry Bean Yield

CSA News ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

Effects of a fall rye cover crop on weeds and productivity of Phaseolus beans

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Heather E. Flood ◽  
Martin H. Entz
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Early Termination ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Herbicide Use

Fall-seeded rye (Secale cereale) is known to suppress weeds through physical and allelopathic properties. This study examined the effects of fall rye cover crops on weed and dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) productivity over four site–years in Manitoba. In addition to rye, we tested early versus late spring rye termination times as well as herbicide use in a factorial experiment with four replicates. In the absence of herbicides, rye reduced early-season broadleaf and grassy weed plant populations by 44%–72% and 43%–88%, respectively. Terminating rye at the four-leaf stage (∼1100 kg dry matter ha−1) provided the same level of weed suppression as termination at booting (∼3100 kg dry matter ha−1). Early rye termination increased bean plant populations (significant at three out of four sites), bean development (four out of four sites), bean biomass (two out of four sites), and bean yield (three out of four sites) compared with later termination. Lower bean yield with rye at one site–year was attributed to dry early season conditions, where rye reduced soil water content. While the rye cover crop provided multiple benefits to bean production, early termination resulted in the best agronomic outcome. Rye was beneficial to weed control even when herbicides were used.

scholarly journals Effect of cropping technologies on the yield of dry bean variety ’Diana’

2016 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Gyuláné Györgyi ◽  
István Henzsel ◽  
Antal Ferenczy
Keyword(s):  
Weak Efficiency ◽  
Growth Season ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Ecological Sensitivity ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
The University

An experiment on three dry bean varieties (Start, Hópehely, Diana), using different sowing-times, fertilizers and plant densities was performed on sandy soil in the University of Debrecen, Centre for Agricultural Sciences, Research Institute of Nyíregyháza in 2015. The aim of the experiment was to study which treatment gives the highest yield, and whether the different treatments result in significant differences in the yields. In this paper the dry bean yield at ‘Diana’ variety is analyzed. The treatments were done with three fertilizer doses and three plant densities at different sowing-times (April 24; May 8; May 18). As a result of the high temperature and the drought during the growth season, the yields we harvested were in low, which shows the ecological sensitivity of the plant we examined. We concluded that the poorest yield was harvested at the third sowing-time. There was no significant difference in the yields at the first and second sowing- time. Examining all the three fertilizer treatments we applied at the experiment, we achieved the highest yields in the control plots. It might be due to the weak efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer under the extremely dry conditions. The highest yield was harvested at the control treatments during the second sowing-time. Regarding the effect of the plant densities, the highest crop yield was achieved at the treatment using 400 000 germs ha-1, followed by 300 000 germs ha-1 and 200 000 germs ha-1.

Dry Bean Yield Response to Different Irrigation Rates in Southwestern Colorado

jpa ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi M. Al-Kaisi ◽  
Abdel F. Berrada ◽  
Mark W. Stack
Keyword(s):  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

Wild Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum) Interference in Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Weed Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Rectangular Hyperbola ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Bean Yield

Effects of proso millet interference with irrigated dry beans were evaluated in Nebraska over a 2-yr period. Dry bean yield reduction ranged from 12 to 31% from a wild proso millet density of 10 plants m-2. As density increased, dry bean yield reduction could be predicted with a rectangular hyperbola regression model. Ten wild proso millet plants m-2growing with dry beans produced 14 780 to 21 420 seed m-2. Dry bean yields were reduced 41 and 11% in 1990 and 1991, respectively, when wild proso millet removal was delayed 6 wk after dry bean planting. Four weeks of weed-free maintenance were sufficient to provide dry bean yields comparable to plots kept weed free all season.

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) tolerance to imazethapyr

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
G. Saindon
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

A field study was conducted during 3 yr to determine the growth and yield response of Pinto, Pink Red and Great Northern dry beans to various doses of imazethapyr. Imazethapyr was applied postemergence at 0, 25, 50 75 100, 150, and 200 g ha−1 to each class of dry bean. Results indicated that these four classes of dry beans responded similarly to imazethapyr. Dry bean injury increased and yields were reduced as dose of imazethapyr increased. At the proposed use dose of 50 g ha−1, imazethapyr reduced yield by 5 to 6%. Imazethapyr at 100 g ha−1 reduced dry bean yield by 10 to 12% and delayed maturity by 3 to 4 d. Benefits of superior weed control attained with imazethapyr should be weighed against potential crop injury when growers consider using imazethapyr in their dry bean weed management programs. Key words: Herbicide injury, maturity, seed yield, seed weight

scholarly journals Volunteer Corn (Zea mays) Interference in Dry Edible Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 937-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo M. Sbatella ◽  
Andrew R. Kniss ◽  
Emmanuel C. Omondi ◽  
Robert G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Dry Edible Bean ◽  
Seed Field ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Volunteer Corn ◽  
Growing Conditions

Volunteer corn can affect dry bean by reducing yields; expanding the life cycle of insects, mites, and pathogens; interfering with harvest; and contaminating bean seed. Field studies were conducted at Lingle, WY, and Scottsbluff, NE, to determine the relationship between volunteer corn density and dry bean yield, establish the proper time of volunteer corn removal, and determine whether dry bean yield was affected by the method used to remove volunteer corn. Volunteer corn reduced dry bean yields, as recorded in other crops. Growing conditions for each location were different, as indicated by the accumulated growing degree days (GDD): Lingle 2008 (990), Lingle 2009 (780), and Scottsbluff 2009 (957). No difference in dry bean yields was observed between hand removal of volunteer corn and herbicide application. Dry bean yield loss increased with longer periods of volunteer corn competition and ranged from 1.2 to 1.8% yield loss for every 100 GDD that control was delayed. Control measures should be implemented 15 to 20 d after planting when volunteer corn densities are close to 1 plant m−2. Dry bean yield losses also increased as volunteer corn densities increased, with losses from 6.5 to 19.3% for 1 volunteer corn plant m−2. Based on 2015 prices, the cost of controlling volunteer corn would be the equivalent of 102 kg ha−1of dry bean, and potential losses above 4% would justify control and should not be delayed beyond 15 to 20 d after planting.

Halosulfuron Tank-Mixes Applied PRE in White Bean

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Li ◽  
Rene C. Van Acker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

White bean tolerance and weed control were examined by applying halosulfuron alone or in combination with pendimethalin, dimethenamid-P, orS-metolachlor applied PRE. All herbicides applied alone or in combination caused less than 3% visible injury 1 and 4 wk after emergence (WAE). Halosulfuron applied PRE provided greater than 95% control of common lambsquarters, wild mustard, redroot pigweed, and common ragweed and less than 55% control of green foxtail at 4 and 8 WAE. Weed density and dry weight at 8 WAE paralleled the control ratings. Dry bean yields in halosulfuron plus a soil applied grass herbicide did not differ compared to the weed-free control. Green foxtail competition with halosulfuron PRE applied alone resulted in reduced white bean yield compared to the weed-free control.

Effect of Halosulfuron Applied Preplant Incorporated, Preemergence, and Postemergence on Dry Bean

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Robert E. Nurse ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Adequate Margin ◽  
Significant Injury

Five field trials were conducted over a 2-yr period (2007, 2008) at various locations in Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of black, cranberry, kidney, otebo, pink, pinto, small red Mexican (SRM), and white bean to halosulfuron applied PPI, PRE, and POST at 35 and 70 g ai/ha. There was minimal injury (3% or less) with halosulfuron applied PPI or PRE in dry bean. At Exeter and Ridgetown, halosulfuron applied POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused 3 to 5% and 4 to 8% injury in dry bean, respectively at 1 wk after herbicide application (WAA). The injury was transient with no significant injury at 2 and 4 WAA. At Harrow, halosulfuron POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused as much as 4% injury at 35 g/ha and 14% injury at 70 g/ha in dry bean. Halosulfuron applied PPI, PRE, and POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused no decrease in plant height of dry bean except for kidney bean, which was reduced 6% at 70 g/ha, and white bean, which was reduced 3% at both 35 and 70 g/ha. Halosulfuron applied PPI, PRE, and POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused no decrease in dry bean yield except for kidney bean, which was reduced 9% at 35 g/ha and 10% at 70 g/ha; otebo bean, which was reduced 3% at 70 g/ha; and white bean, which was reduced 7% at both 35 and 70 g/ha. On the basis of these results, there is an adequate margin of crop safety in dry bean to halosulfuron applied PPI or PRE at 35 and 70 g/ha. In addition, there is an adequate margin of crop safety in black, cranberry, pink, pinto, and SRM bean to halosulfuron applied POST at 35 and 70 g/ha. However, further research is required to ascertain the tolerance of kidney, otebo, and white bean to halosulfuron applied POST.

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