scholarly journals Mugwort Control in an Abandoned Nursery Using Herbicides That Mimic Indole-3-Acetic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Koepke-Hill ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
Mark A. Halcomb ◽  
Jose J. Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Current Standards

Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to determine if two indole-3-acetic acid herbicide mimics, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl, applied at 70, 140, and 280 g·ha−1 postemergence (POST) would control mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) in an abandoned nursery. These were compared with the commercial standards picloram at 280 g·ha−1 a.i. and clopyralid at 280 g·ha−1. In the field study, picloram and clopyralid controlled mugwort 75% and 31% by 365 days after treatment (DAT), respectively. In contrast, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl applied at 140 g·ha−1 controlled mugwort over 90% by 365 DAT. In the greenhouse study, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl applied at 140 g·ha−1 controlled mugwort 92% and 96% respectively, although aminopyralid at 70 g·ha−1 provided better visual control (94%) in comparison with aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl (79%) at 70 g·ha−1. Regardless, following shoot growth removal at 30 DAT, mugwort failed to regrow by 60 DAT following exposures to all rates of both herbicides. On the basis of these studies, aminopyralid and aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl have potential to provide excellent control of mugwort compared with the current standards clopyralid and picloram.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of Aux/IAAs and SAURs on Shoot Growth of Lagerstroemia indica through Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS)

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1288
Author(s):  
Lu Feng ◽  
Xiaohan Liang ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Jieru Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Verification ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Short Shoot ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Six Genes

The plant hormone auxin plays an important role in cell division and the elongation of shoots to affect the plant architecture, which has a great impact on the plant yield, fruit quality and ornamental value; however, the regulatory mechanism of auxin controlling shoot growth is unclear in crape myrtle. In this study, two auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) genes and four small auxin upregulated RNA (SAUR) genes of auxin response gene families were isolated from dwarf and non-dwarf progenies of Lagerstroemia indica and then functionally characterized. Sequence alignment revealed that the six genes contain typical conserved domains. Different expression patterns of the six genes at three different tissue stages of two types of progenies showed that the regulation mechanism of these genes may be different. Functional verification of the six genes upon shoot growth of crape myrtle was performed via virus-induced gene silencing. When the LfiAUX22 gene was silenced, a short shoot phenotype was observed in non-dwarf progenies, accompanied by decreased auxin content. Therefore, we preliminarily speculated that LfiAUX22 plays an important role in the shoot growth of crape myrtle, which regulates the accumulation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and the elongation of cells to eventually control shoot length.

scholarly journals Evaluation of p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase-inhibiting Herbicides for Controlling Mugwort

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines ◽  
Jose J. Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Herbicide Atrazine ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) is a perennial invasive weed species that has infiltrated row crops, turfgrass, ornamentals, and various noncrop areas. Currently, multiple mimics of indole-3-acetic acid can provide control of this species; however, these herbicides can damage certain sensitive ornamental plants. When applied at reduced rates, the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicides mesotrione and topramezone have demonstrated some selectivity among certain ornamental plants. Field and greenhouse studies were initiated to evaluate whether these herbicides could control mugwort when applied alone, or in mixtures with photosystem II (PSII)-inhibiting herbicides that often provide synergistic weed control. In the field, mesotrione controlled mugwort between 30% and 60% by 21 days after treatment when applied at 0.093 to 0.187 lb/acre. When the PSII-inhibiting herbicide atrazine was added, control increased to 78% and 79%. In the greenhouse, similar rates produced greater control in mugwort, and all mesotrione treatments limited mugwort regrowth by at least 95% when compared with untreated control. When HPPD inhibitor rates were reduced further, the addition of the PSII inhibitors atrazine or bentazon was not sufficient at providing acceptable control of mugwort.

Effects of Indole Amides on Lettuce and Onion Germination and Growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 485-490
Author(s):  
Thiago F. Borgati ◽  
Maria Amelia D. Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Inhibitory Compound ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Germination

3Auxins, such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), are important in plant germination and growth, while physiological polyamines, such as putrescine, are involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, and their concentrations increase during germination. In this work, novel indole amides were synthesized in good yields by monoacylation of morpholine and unprotected symmetrical diamines with indole-3-carboxylic acid, a putative metabolite of IAA, possessing no auxin-like activity. These amides were tested for their effects on seed germination and growth of the radicles and shoots of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Allium cepa (onion) seedlings, at 100.0, 1.0, and 0.01 μM concentrations. Germination was generally stimulated, with the exception of amide , derived from morpholine, at 100 μM. On radicle and shoot growth, the effect of these compounds was predominantly inhibitory. Compound 3 was the best inhibitor of growth of lettuce and onion, at the highest concentration. Amides, such as propanil, among others, are described as having herbicidal activity

Herbicidal Control of Greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus) and Salt Rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosusssp.consimilis)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg J. Cluff ◽  
Bruce A. Roundy ◽  
Raymond A. Evans ◽  
James A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Sarcobatus Vermiculatus ◽  
Chrysothamnus Nauseosus ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Late Application ◽  
Mesic Site ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

The control of greasewood [Sarcobatus vermiculatus(Hook.) Torr.] and salt rabbitbrush [Chrysothamnus nauseosusssp.consimilis(Greene) Hall and Clem.] was investigated with application of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] and a mixture of 2,4-D and picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid). The herbicides were applied at 2-week intervals from May 1 to August 1. Greasewood had accelerated shoot growth and was most susceptible to application of 2,4-D during June. Accelerated shoot growth and maximum susceptibility to 2,4-D of salt rabbitbrush began in June and extended into July. Mortality of greasewood and salt rabbitbrush from 2,4-D at 2.2 kg/ha applied at optimum dates averaged 72 and 87%, respectively. The picloram/2,4-D mixture was more effective for greasewood control than 2,4-D alone in 1 yr at very early and late application dates on a xeric site and only at the last date of application on a mesic site. Reapplication of 2,4-D at 2.2 and 3.3 kg/ha in June to partially controlled stands gave excellent control of both greasewood and rabbitbrush.

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