SPORE MORPHOLOGY OF SOME BRYOPHYTA IN EGYPT

In this work, spore morphology of eight species, Tortula muralis, Tortula brevissima, Aloina brevirostris, Syntrichia leavipila, Microbryum clavallianum (Pottiaceae); Funaria hygrometrica, Entosthodon muhlenbergii, Entosthodon attenuates (Funariaceae); were examined by Light microscopy (LM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All spores are small; the length of polar axis is between 7.5 ?m and 18.5 ?m, equatorial diameter is between 10.5 ?m and 27 ?m. The smallest spores of them are Tortula brevissima and the biggest spores of them are Entosthodon attenuates. The shapes of the spores are determined as suboblate for Tortula muralis, Aloina brevirostris, Syntrichia leavipila, and oblate for Tortula brevissima, Funaria muhlenbergii, Funaria hygrometrica, Entosthodon attenuates. The ornamentation observed can be regulate, verrucate- regulate, baculate, verrucate, clavate- foveolate, clavate, foveolate- psilate on the distal pole, spore ornamentation of the proximal face is different or less complex than the distal face. We can concluded that the spore ultrastructure give important role for identification and taxonomic significant.

Identification of Bryophytes in Jumog Waterfall, Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia

Indonesia, as a mega-biodiversity country, has a high diversity of bryophytes (Liverworts, Hornworts, and Mosses). In addition, a waterfall is one of the most optimum places for bryophytes to life. One of many waterfalls in Indonesia is Jumog Waterfall. It is located in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. This study aimed to know the diversity of bryophytes in Jumog Waterfall, identify the species, and analyze the genetic relationship through the species based on morphological characters. The explorative method was used to collect the samples. Identification of species was done by comparing samples to the handbook of identification. The results were; (1) there were fifteen species that found in Jumog Waterfall; (2) The highest similarity among species was 90%. They were grouped in genus Fissidentales, Order Dicranales, and Order Hypnobryales. Then, The lowest similarity was 30.8%. They were between Funaria hygrometrica and Riccia fliutans. It distinguished liverwort, hornwort, and mosses

STUDIES OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND SECONDARY METABOLITES VARIATY OF MOSSES (BRYOPHYTA) IN CIBODAS, WEST JAVA

Mosses is a species of exotic and charming with a unique combination of characteristics of each of its members. In Indonesia, this species can grow lush and abundant, however it was not a lot of investigate for content of this plant. This study aims to determine the diversity of bryophyta views by morphological and secondary metabolites. This research used descriptive method with qualitative approach. Sampling was conducted in four locations in Bogor Indonesian Regency by randomly. Analysis of the data used descriptive analysis to find the value of Rf (Retardation Factor) which converted into a form of the data with UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) model. The results showed that four types has been founded, namely Dicranella sp., Funaria hygrometrica Hedwig, Bryum billardierii Schwaegr and Pogonatum contortum Brid. Profile content of secondary metabolites showed that Dicranella sp., B. Billardierii, F. hygrometrica and P. contortum contained alkaloids, phenolics, triterpenoids/steroids and terpenoids. Kinship at the level of morphological traits and characteristics content of the secondary metabolites presented that Funaria hygrometrica Hedwig and Bryum billardierii Schwaegr (66.67%) have a closer kinship than among Dicranella sp and Funaria hygrometrica Hedwig (63.64%) meanwhile between Bryum billardierii Schwaegr and Pogonatum contortum Brid (51.52%).