scholarly journals Water Table Depth Effect on Water Use and Tuber Yield for Subirrigated Caladium Production

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Stanley ◽  
B.K. Harbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Depth Effect ◽  
Production Index ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Rain Events

A study was conducted to determine the effect of water table depth on water use and tuber yields for subirrigated caladium (Caladium × hortulanum) production. A field-situated drainage lysimeter system was used to control water table depths at 30, 45 and 60 cm (11.8, 17.7, and 23.6 inches). Water use was estimated by accounting for water added or removed (after rain events) to maintain the desired water table depth treatments. In 1998, tuber weights, the number of Jumbo grade tubers, and the production index (tuber value index) of `White Christmas' were greater when plants were grown with the water table maintained at 30 or 45 cm compared to 60 cm. In 1999, tuber weights, the number of Mammoth grade tubers, and the production index, also were greater when plants were grown at water table depths of 30 or 45 cm compared to 60 cm. The average estimated daily water use was 6.6, 5.1, and 3.3 mm (0.26, 0.20, and 0.13 inch) for plants grown at water table depths of 30, 45, and 60 cm, respectively, indicating an inverse relationship with water table depth. While current water management practices in the caladium industry attempt to maintain a 60-cm water table, results from this study indicate that, for subirrigated caladium tuber production, the water table should be maintained in at 30 to 45 cm for maximum production on an organic soil.

scholarly journals Water use efficiency and yield of cowpea and nutrient loss in lysimeter experiment under varying water table depth, irrigation schedules and irrigation method

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binny Dasila ◽  
Veer Singh ◽  
HS Kushwaha ◽  
Ajaya Srivastava ◽  
Shri Ram
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Lysimeter Experiment ◽  
Use Efficiency

Lysimeter experiment was conducted at Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar during summer season 2013 to study the effect of irrigation schedules and methods on yield, nutrient uptake and water use efficiency of cowpea as well as nutrient loss from silty clay loam soil under fluctuating water table conditions. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design having three irrigation schedules at IW/CPE ratio of 0.3. 0.2 and 0.15 with two irrigation methods (flood and sprinkler) and at 30±1.5, 60±1.5 and 90±1.5 cm water tables replicated thrice. Maximum root length (129.4 cm) and root length density (0.395 cm/cm3) were obtained when irrigation was scheduled at IW: CPE 0.3 associated with 30±1.5 cm water table depth using sprinkler method. Increase in water table depth and IW: CPE ratio decreased water use efficiency where IW: CPE 0.3 produced highest grain yield (1411.6 kg ha-1) with the WUE of 1.15 kg ha mm-1. Significant nutrients uptake response was observed owing to variation in water table depth, irrigation schedules and methods. Analysis of lysimeter leached water showed that with deep drainage and more IW:CPE, leaching losses of N,P and K were more however water applied through sprinkler saved 20.1, 53.7 and 24.4% N, P and K, respectively, over flooded method. Irrigation given at IW: CPE 0.3 through sprinkler form at 60±1.5 cm water table depth favours the higher grain yield and nutrient uptake by crop whereas flooded irrigation with deep water table condition accelerated nutrient leaching.SAARC J. Agri., 14(2): 46-55 (2016)

Water-Table Depth and Irrigation Effects on Applied-Water-Use Efficiencies of Three Crops

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 0723-0728 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Benz ◽  
G. A. Reichman ◽  
E. J. Doering ◽  
R. F. Follett
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Water Use Efficiencies ◽  
Irrigation Effects

Water table depth affects productivity, water use, and the response to nitrogen addition in a savanna system

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2118-2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelcy R. Ford ◽  
Robert J. Mitchell ◽  
Robert O. Teskey
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
High Water ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Aboveground Net Primary Productivity

We investigated annual aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and transpiration (E) of the dominant plant life forms, longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) trees and wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx.), in a fire-maintained savanna. Experimental plots spanned a natural hydrologic gradient (xeric and mesic site types) mediated by soil moisture (θ) and water table depth (WTD), and received additions of either 0 or 100 kg N·ha–1·year–1. Low rates of ANPP (1.3–2.2 Mg·ha–1) and annual E (108–380 mm) were observed in these communities. WTD and N addition explained 95% of the variation in community ANPP, whereas site type and WTD explained 83% of variation in community E. Between tree and grass life forms, longleaf pine ANPP was more coupled to WTD than wiregrass. For any given leaf area supported, ANPP of longleaf pine increased linearly with increasing water use and decreasing WTD. The longleaf pine ANPP response to N addition was greater in sites with high water use compared with those with low water use, indicating that this savanna system is colimited by nutrient and water availability and that water table depth plays a role in regulating savanna productivity.

scholarly journals Global CO2 Fertilization of Sphagnum Peat Mosses via Suppression of Photorespiration During the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Serk ◽  
Mats Nilsson ◽  
Elisabet Bohlin ◽  
Ina Ehlers ◽  
Thomas Wieloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Current Water ◽  
And Storage

Abstract Natural peatlands contribute significantly to global carbon sequestration and storage of biomass, most of which derives from Sphagnum peat mosses. Atmospheric CO2 levels have increased dramatically during the 20th century, from 280 to > 400 ppm, which has affected plant carbon dynamics. Net carbon assimilation is strongly reduced by photorespiration, a process that depends on the CO2 to O2 ratio. Here we investigate the response of the photorespiration to photosynthesis ratio in Sphagnum mosses to recent CO2 increases by comparing deuterium isotopomers of historical and contemporary Sphagnum tissues collected from 36 peat cores from five continents. Rising CO2 levels generally suppressed photorespiration relative to photosynthesis but the magnitude of suppression depended on the current water table depth. By estimating the changes in water table depth, temperature, and precipitation during the 20th century, we excluded potential effects of these climate parameters on the observed isotopomer responses. Further, we showed that the photorespiration to photosynthesis ratio varied between Sphagnum subgenera, indicating differences in their photosynthetic capacity. The global suppression of photorespiration in Sphagnum suggests an increased net primary production potential in response to the ongoing rise in atmospheric CO2, in particular for mire structures with intermediate water table depths.

EFFECT OF WATER TABLE DEPTHS ON THE GROWTH OF CARROTS AND ONIONS ON AN ORGANIC SOIL IN VITRO

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. MILLETTE
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Water Table Level ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Two Peaks

Carrots and onions were grown on organic soil in a greenhouse over four water table levels, 10, 20, 40, 70 cm from the soil surface. Carrot yields were reduced over the shallowest water table level only, whereas the onion yields were depressed by the 10-, 20-, and 40-cm water table levels. The longest carrots were produced in the 40- and 70-cm water table levels. Evapotranspiration for the carrots was the same in all treatments but the water use efficiency was greatest in the 40- and 70-cm water table levels. Evapotranspiration for the onions and water use efficiency were the greatest in the 70-cm water table level. The evapotranspiration curves for the carrots showed two peaks, the second one corresponding to a rapid growth from the 50th day after seeding. The evapotranspiration curves for the onions showed one peak following the 70th day after seeding. Onions appear to be much more sensitive than carrots to high soil water content.Key words: Carrot, onion, water table, organic soil, vegetables

scholarly journals DRAINMOD – Calibration and Validation for Prediction of Drainage Coefficient and Water Table Depth

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
A. Selvaperumal ◽  
G. Thiyagarajan ◽  
S. Vallalkannan ◽  
I. Muthuchamy ◽  
K. Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Depth To Water Table ◽  
Chi Squared

DRAINMOD model predicts the effects of drainage and associated water management practices on water table depths and drainage coefficients. It simulates the performance of a given system for a long period of weather record. The field evaluation of this model has been carried out by comparing model predicted drain flow and depth to water table with the observed data collected from water table management system installed at A-block of Eastern Farm, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute Kumulur during the year 2015-2016. The comparison between predicted and observed drainage coefficient and depth to water table with treatment of different drain spacing (7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 m) and drain depth (75 and 60 cm) is made. The statistical measures indicated that, there was a close relationship between predicted and observed drainage coefficient during the calibration and validation period as indicated by average root mean square error value ranges from 12.3 to 15.7 and 19.63 to 26.19 and average Chi-squared test value ranges from 0.010 to 0.725 and 0.01 to 0.28. Similarly for water table depth, the average root mean square value ranges from 7.630 to 17.20 and 16.67 to 21.54 and average Chi-squared test value ranges from 1.19 to 2.365 and 3.90 to 5.02.

Effect of water-table management and nitrogen supply on yield, plant growth and water use of corn in undisturbed soil columns

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Tan ◽  
C. F. Drury ◽  
J. D. Gaynor ◽  
I. van Wesenbeeck ◽  
M. Soultani
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Water Table Management ◽  
N Rates

The effect of three water-table depths (30, 60 and 80 cm below the soil surface) and four N rates (0, 45, 90 and 135 kg ha−1) on plant growth, yield and water use were evaluated for corn (Zea mays L.). Research was conducted in a greenhouse, using 36 undisturbed foil columns (20 cm i.d. and 90 cm length) collected with a Meta-Drill vibrating core sampler from a Fox sandy loam soil at Harrow Research Centre. Corn grown in the 80-cm water-table depth had the greatest degree of water stress, as indicated by low volumetric soil water content, low stomatal conductance and transpiration rates, and elevated soil-surface and leaf-surface temperatures. There was a substantial increase in plant dry weight and grain yields as the N rates increased from 0 to 135 kg ha−1 with the 30- and 60-cm water-table depths. Under our experimental conditions, maximum grain yields were obtained with a 60-cm water-table depth. Grain yields were significantly reduced with the 80-cm water-table depth. With this water-table depth, grain yield was also reduced by N addition. Key words: Water-table management, Zea mays, yield, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature

scholarly journals Global CO2 fertilization of Sphagnum peat mosses via suppression of photorespiration during the twentieth century

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Serk ◽  
Mats B. Nilsson ◽  
Elisabet Bohlin ◽  
Ina Ehlers ◽  
Thomas Wieloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Current Water ◽  
And Storage

AbstractNatural peatlands contribute significantly to global carbon sequestration and storage of biomass, most of which derives from Sphagnum peat mosses. Atmospheric CO2 levels have increased dramatically during the twentieth century, from 280 to > 400 ppm, which has affected plant carbon dynamics. Net carbon assimilation is strongly reduced by photorespiration, a process that depends on the CO2 to O2 ratio. Here we investigate the response of the photorespiration to photosynthesis ratio in Sphagnum mosses to recent CO2 increases by comparing deuterium isotopomers of historical and contemporary Sphagnum tissues collected from 36 peat cores from five continents. Rising CO2 levels generally suppressed photorespiration relative to photosynthesis but the magnitude of suppression depended on the current water table depth. By estimating the changes in water table depth, temperature, and precipitation during the twentieth century, we excluded potential effects of these climate parameters on the observed isotopomer responses. Further, we showed that the photorespiration to photosynthesis ratio varied between Sphagnum subgenera, indicating differences in their photosynthetic capacity. The global suppression of photorespiration in Sphagnum suggests an increased net primary production potential in response to the ongoing rise in atmospheric CO2, in particular for mire structures with intermediate water table depths.

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