scholarly journals Análisis de distribución potencial de Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex ST-6 y Philaenus spumarius en el sur de la Península Ibérica mediante el modelo ecológico de nicho MaxEnt

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Miguel Gustavo Romero Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Philaenus Spumarius ◽  
Península Ibérica

scholarly journals Sulfoxaflor and Natural Pyrethrin with Piperonyl Butoxide Are Effective Alternatives to Neonicotinoids against Juveniles of Philaenus spumarius, the European Vector of Xylella fastidiosa

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Dáder ◽  
Elisa Viñuela ◽  
Aránzazu Moreno ◽  
María Plaza ◽  
Elisa Garzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Philaenus Spumarius ◽  
Wide Range

The threat imposed by the bacterial pathogen Xylella fastidiosa to crops of utter importance to European agriculture such as olive, stone fruit and grapevine calls for immediate research against the meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.), the main European vector. Management tools should consider reducing juveniles of vector populations growing on weeds or cover crops during spring as nymphs have limited movement and do not contribute to disease spread. We examined a wide range of insecticides with different modes of action against P. spumarius nymphs in laboratory and semi-field glasshouse conditions. Pyrethroids (delthamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin) and natural pyrethrin (Pirecris®) + piperonyl butoxide (PBO) efficacy surpassed 86% after 24 h of exposure, without significant differences in the PBO amount tested. The inclusion of PBO caused a 3-fold increase in the mortality of P. spumarius nymphs compared to pyrethrin alone. Sulfoxaflor (Closer®) exhibited similar efficacy at 48 and 72 h but it was slow acting and mortality only reached 60% at 24 h. The LC90 was 34 ppm at 72 h. Pymetrozine, spirotetramat, azadirachtin and kaolin were not effective against nymphs (mortality <33%) although in azadirachtin-treated plants, mortality had a 3-fold increase from 24 to 72 h. Our results will help decision-making policy bodies to set up a sustainable integrated pest management of P. spumarius in areas where X. fastidiosa becomes a problem.

scholarly journals Landscape composition predicts the distribution of Philaenus spumarius, vector of Xylella fastidiosa, in olive groves

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1101-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Santoiemma ◽  
Giovanni Tamburini ◽  
Francesco Sanna ◽  
Nicola Mori ◽  
Lorenzo Marini
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Philaenus Spumarius ◽  
Olive Groves

scholarly journals A FIVE-YEAR SURVEY IN TUSCANY (ITALY) AND DETECTION OF XYLELLA FASTIDIOSASUBSPECIES MULTIPLEXIN POTENTIAL INSECT VECTORS, COLLECTED IN MONTE ARGENTARIO

Redia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
ELISABETTA GARGANI ◽  
CLAUDIA BENVENUTI ◽  
LEONARDO MARIANELLI ◽  
PIO FEDERICO ROVERSI ◽  
MASSIMO RICCIOLINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
Philaenus Spumarius ◽  
The Family ◽  
Infected Area ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cicadella Viridis

The vector‐borne bacterium Xylella fastidiosa(Wells and Raju) causes several serious diseases to plants. Recently, different subspecies of X. fastidiosa were reported in some European countries. The risk of the bacterium’s spread on the entire European territory is very high; therefore, it has been added into the priority pest list (2019/1702/EU Regulation). The main purposes of this work were to verify the presence of potential vectors in areas at a high risk of introduction in Tuscany and to ascertain the presence of X. fastidiosa in these insect vectors. Over 4,000 Auchenorrhyncha were collected and analysed from 2015 to 2019. Among the xylem sap-feeder putative vectors, most of the insects collected belonged to the family Aphrophoridae, but also many species of leafhopper were identified. Overall, in Tuscany four species were the most represented: Philaenus spumarius(L.), Cicadella viridis(L.), Synophropsis lauri (Horvath) and Neophilaenus campestris(Fallen).In 2018 an outbreak of X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex was reported in Monte Argentario (Grosseto province, Tuscany). In 2019 X. fastidiosa subspecies multiplex ST 87 was detected in seven P. spumarius and three N. campestris collected from the infected area.

scholarly journals Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa Subspecies Pauca Sequence Type 53 by Different Insect Species

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Cavalieri ◽  
Giuseppe Altamura ◽  
Giulio Fumarola ◽  
Michele di Carolo ◽  
Maria Saponari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Philaenus Spumarius ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Sap Feeding ◽  
Olive Quick Decline Syndrome ◽  
Exotic Pathogen

Diseases associated with Xylella fastidiosa have been described mostly in North and South America. However, during the last five years, widespread X. fastidiosa infections have been reported in a constrained area of the Apulia region (southern Italy), in olives trees suffering a severe disease, denoted as Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS). Because many xylem sap-feeding insects can function as vectors for the transmission of this exotic pathogen in EU, several research programs are ongoing to assess the role of candidate vectors in the spread of the infections. Initial investigations identified Philaenus spumarius (L.) as the predominant vector species in the olive orchards affected by the OQDS. Additional experiments have been carried out during 2016 and 2017 to assess the role of other species. More specifically, adults of the spittlebugs Philaenus italosignus Drosopolous and Remane, Neophilaenus campestris (Fallen) and of the planthopper Latilica tunetana (Matsumura) (Issidae) have been tested in transmission experiments to assess their ability to acquire the bacterium from infected olives and to infect different susceptible hosts (olives, almond, myrtle –leaf milkwort, periwinkle). Acquisition rates determined by testing individual insects in quantitative PCR assays, ranging from 5.6% in N. campestris to 22.2% in P. italosignus, whereas no acquisition was recorded for L. tunetana. Successful transmissions were detected in the recipient plants exposed to P. italosignus and N. campestris, whereas no trasmissions occurred with L. tunetana. The known vector Philaenus spumarius has been included in all the experiments for validation. The systematic surveys conducted in 2016 and 2017 provided further evidence on the population dynamics and seasonal abundance of the spittlebug populations in the olive groves.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Philaenus spumarius L., Vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Olive Orchards in Southern Italy, 2015–17

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crescenza Dongiovanni ◽  
Giuseppe Altamura ◽  
Michele Di Carolo ◽  
Giulio Fumarola ◽  
Maria Saponari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Philaenus Spumarius

scholarly journals Incidencia de Xylella fastidiosa en las Islas Baleares y distribución potencial en la península ibérica

2018 ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Gutiérrez-Hernández ◽  
Luis V. García
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Península Ibérica

Las invasiones biológicas constituyen una de las principales amenazas a la economía y a la biodiversidad relacionadas con el cambio global. Recientemente, ha irrumpido en las Islas Baleares un organismo fitopatógeno muy dañino: Xylella fastidiosa. Es una bacteria confinada en el xilema de las plantas que causa mortalidad sin curación en un gran número de cultivos leñosos de gran importancia, entre los cuales se encuentran el olivo, la vid, el almendro y los cítricos. En este trabajo abordamos una aproximación al estudio de la distribución del patógeno en las Islas Baleares y desarrollamos un modelo de distribución potencial de Xylella fastidiosa en la península ibérica calibrado con registros de presencia colectados en el archipiélago. Los resultados preliminares apuntan a una alta incidencia del Xylella fastidiosa en las Islas Baleares y proyectan una amplia distribución potencial del patógeno en la península ibérica, especialmente allí donde las temperaturas mínimas del mes más frío son más son más suaves.

scholarly journals La dimensión geográfica de las invasiones biológicas en el Antropoceno: el caso de Xylella fastidiosa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Gutiérrez Hernández ◽  
Luis V. García
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Península Ibérica

Xylella fastidiosa es una bacteria potencialmente dañina para un gran número de cultivos leñosos y especies arbóreas, y está considerada una de las bacterias fitopatógenas más peligrosas del mundo. En este artículo, combinamos modelos de nicho ecológico para estimar la distribución potencial global de X. fastidiosa y, complementariamente, técnicas de evaluación multicriterio para estimar regionalmente la exposición de la península Ibérica e islas Baleares a la entrada y difusión del patógeno. A nivel global, nuestros modelos estimaron una distribución potencial de X. fastidiosa con un amplio radio potencial de expansión en climas templados (Grupo C, según la clasificación climática de Köppen). A nivel regional, nuestros resultados revelaron que la península Ibérica se halla muy expuesta a la entrada y propagación de este organismo invasor, cuya presencia es ya generalizada en las islas Baleares. En el Antropoceno, la Geografía desempeña un papel crucial en el manejo de los riesgos biológicos. El éxito en la gestión de los mismos depende, en gran medida, de nuestra capacidad para predecir los rangos geográficos potenciales de los organismos invasores e identificar los factores que promueven su propagación.

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