Dynamic Response of Tall Buildings on Sedimentary Basin to Long-Period Seismic Ground Motion

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Fukuwa ◽  
◽  
Takashi Hirai ◽  
Jun Tobita ◽  
Kazumi Kurata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Reciprocal Theorem ◽  
The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Seismic Ground Motion ◽  
Wave Amplification ◽  
Long Period

Characteristics of long-period seismic ground motion and response of tall buildings are investigated in this paper to promote earthquake proof countermeasures considering the damage caused by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. 3D finite difference method and the reciprocal theorem are used to examine the effect of sedimentary basin structures on seismic wave amplification. Natural period and damping of tall buildings are evaluated by ambient vibration tests and earthquake response observation during construction or demolition of the buildings. The effects of dynamic soil-structure interaction on response amplification of tall buildings are confirmed applying wave propagation theory to a continuum building model. Finally, a newly built base-isolated building with an isolated rooftop laboratory is introduced for full-scale long-period shaking experiment by installing actuators and jacks. Experience of long-period shaking in the building is also available with virtual reality view of indoor damage, which is effective for promotion of seismic countermeasures such as fixing furniture and safe evacuation.

New Insights into Long-Period (>1  s) Seismic Amplification Effects in Deep Sedimentary Basins: A Case of the Po Plain Basin of Northern Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Mascandola ◽  
Simone Barani ◽  
Marco Massa ◽  
Dario Albarello
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Po Plain ◽  
Seismic Ground Motion ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Basin Effects ◽  
Seismic Amplification

ABSTRACT This study investigates and quantifies the influence of the shallower deposits (down to few hundreds of meters) of the Po Plain sedimentary basin (northern Italy) on the long-period component (i.e., 1  s<T<3  s) of seismic ground motion, in which amplification effects due to the soft sediments above seismic bedrock were observed. A new seismostratigraphic model of the shallow deposits of the entire basin is provided with an unprecedented detail by taking advantage of recently acquired geophysical data. The seismostratigraphic model is used to simulate the ground motion amplification in the Po Plain by means of extensive 1D ground response analysis. Results are compared with seismic observations available at a number of sites equipped with borehole seismic stations, where earthquakes have been recorded both at the surface and at the seismic bedrock depth. Despite the general agreement with observations concerning the seismic resonance frequencies, our model may fail in capturing the amplitude of the actual seismic amplification of the basin in the long-period range. We observe that 3D basin effects related to surface waves generated at the edge of the basin may play a significant role in those zones where seismic hazard is controlled by distant sources. In these cases, 1D modeling leads to average underestimations of 30%, up to a maximum of 60%. The amplification functions need to be corrected for a basin-effects correction term, which in this case is provided by the ground-motion prediction equation of the study area. The corrected amplification functions agree with the empirical observations, overcoming the uneven distribution of the recording stations in strong-motion datasets. These results should be taken into account in future seismic microzonation studies in the Po Plain area, where the 1D approach is commonly adopted in ground response analyses, and in site-specific seismic hazard assessments aimed at the design of structures that are sensitive to the long-period component of seismic ground motion (e.g., long-span bridges and tall buildings).

Coupled torsional dynamic analysis of a multistory building

1973 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 1025-1039
Author(s):  
Bruce M. Douglas ◽  
Thomas E. Trabert
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Horizontal Ground Motion

abstract The coupled bending and torsional vibrations of a relatively symmetric 22-story reinforced concrete building in Reno, Nevada are studied. Analytical results are compared with observations obtained during the nuclear explosion FAULTLESS and to ambient vibration data. The fundamental periods of vibration observed during FAULTLESS were (TNS = 1.42, TEW = 1.81, TTORSION = 1.12 sec), and the calculated periods were (TNS = 2.14, TEW = 2.07, TTORSION = 1.90 sec). It was estimated that between 25 and 45 per cent of the total available nonstructural stiffness was required to explain the differences in the observed and calculated fundamental periods. Each floor diaphragm in the system was allowed three degrees of freedom-two translations and a rotation. It was found that coupled torsional motions can influence the response of structural elements near the periphery of the structure. Strong-motion structural response calculations comparing the simultaneous use of both components of horizontal ground motion to a single component analysis showed that the simultaneous application of both components of ground motion can significantly alter the response of lateral load-carrying elements. Differences of the order of 45 per cent were observed in the frames near the ends of the structure. Also, it was shown that the overall response of tall buildings is sensitive not only to the choice of input ground motion but also to the orientation of the structure with respect to the seismic waves.

Responses of a Tall Building in Los Angeles, California, as Inferred from Local and Distant Earthquakes

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1821-1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Çelebi ◽  
Hasan S. Ulusoy ◽  
Nori Nakata
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
The United States ◽  
The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Story Building

The increasing inventory of tall buildings in the United States and elsewhere may be subjected to motions generated by near and far seismic sources that cause long-period effects. Multiple sets of records that exhibited such effects were retrieved from tall buildings in Tokyo and Osaka ∼350 km and 770 km, respectively, from the epicenter of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. In California, very few tall buildings have been instrumented. An instrumented 52-story building in downtown Los Angeles recorded seven local and distant earthquakes. Spectral and system identification methods exhibit significant low frequencies of interest (∼0.17 Hz, 0.56 Hz, and 1.05 Hz). These frequencies compare well with those computed by transfer functions; however, small variations are observed between the significant low frequencies for each of the seven earthquakes. The torsional and translational frequencies are very close and are coupled. Beating effect is observed in at least two of the seven earthquake data.

scholarly journals Damping and Natural Period Evaluation of Tall RC Buildings Using Full-Scale Data in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1568
Author(s):  
Taehyu Ha ◽  
Seung-Hoon Shin ◽  
Hongjin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Rc Buildings ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Induced Motion

In recent years, the main usage of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in Korea has shifted from low-rise residential and commercial buildings to high-rise buildings. Because an increasing number of high-rise RC buildings are being built, especially in coastal cities, which are periodically hit by typhoons, wind-induced motion and the corresponding serviceability issues have attracted considerable attention. Natural period and damping ratio are the most important factors for estimating the design wind load and wind-induced response in the design of tall buildings. However, the Korean Building Code (KBC 2009) does not specify empirical formulae for estimating the natural period and damping ratio for wind design, unlike seismic design. In this study, the damping ratio and natural period of existing concrete buildings in Korea are measured and compared to those obtained using the formulae provided in various codes and research works. Furthermore, design formulae for estimating natural frequency and damping ratio for wind design are proposed based on the measured data. For this purpose, ambient vibration measurement is performed for 58 RC buildings with heights of 24.2–305 m.

Analysis on Earthquake Damage of Daxinglu Ramp Bridge in Wenchuan Earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 1003-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Hui Zhao ◽  
Yu Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Time History ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Earthquake Record ◽  
Dynamic Time ◽  
Rubber Bearings ◽  
Long Period Ground Motion

Although located in the very low intensity area, the superstructure of Daxinglu Ramp Bridge sustained huge damage in Wenchuan earthquake. The longitudinal displacement of superstructure at the joint was about 400mm, which outdistanced the average displacement of all the other bridges in this area. In this paper, finite element model of the ramp bridge is made by general FEA software and the damage of the ramp bridge is analyzed by using nonlinear dynamic time history method. The results are obtained as follow: (1) the displacements restriction capacity of bearing system is reduced greatly by setting too many movable pot rubber bearings in the bridge. (2) The earthquake record near the bridge site is a typical long period ground motion. The extended natural period of the damaged bridge absorbed more but not less energy from the long period ground motion, which aggravated the damage.

Damage to Floating Roof Tank by Sloshing

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Kikuchi ◽  
Masahiro Miura
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Acceleration ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Seismic Ground Motion

The Tokachi-oki Earthquake, a magnitude 8 big earthquake, occurred on September 26, 2003. At the Hokkaido Refinery of Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. In Tomakomai, a peak acceleration of the seismic ground motion was recorded at 86 gal (resultant value). This ground motion was predominated by slightly long periods lasting 3 to 8 seconds that harmonized with the natural period of the tanks, causing significant sloshing and subsequent damages of floating roof tanks (FRT).

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