scholarly journals Traffic Noise in Georgia: Sound Levels and Inequality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cletus C. Coughlin ◽  
Jonas Crews ◽  
Jeffrey P. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Sound Levels

Traffic Noise Model vs. Extreme Topography

2003 ◽  
Vol 1859 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Michael A. Staiano
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Sound Attenuation ◽  
Noise Model ◽  
Interstate Highway ◽  
Site Model ◽  
Sound Levels

Traffic noise exposures were measured at various locations adjacent to an Interstate highway and compared with sound levels predicted by the FHWA Traffic Noise Model (TNM). The prediction procedure underestimated the measured sound attenuation by 6 to 12 A-weighted decibels. Various TNM site model configurations were evaluated in an effort to improve agreement between measurements and predictions. For the site tested—a severe case with relatively distant receptors and extreme topography—variations in ground impedance (including a median ground zone) had little benefit or were counterproductive, while adding topographic detail via terrain lines helped somewhat. The best agreement resulted from the incorporation of a tree zone for the wooded site. However, this benefit is thought to be chance, because the site was not only relatively lightly wooded but also thinly foliaged at the time of the on-site measurements.

scholarly journals Automotive traffic noise and urban public spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (72) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greicikelly Gaburro Paneto ◽  
Cristina Engel de Alvarez ◽  
Paulo Henrique Trombetta Zannin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
High Sound

In contemporary cities, and usually without realizing it, the population has been exposed to high sound pressure levels, which besides causing discomfort, can lead to health problems. Considering that a large part of this noise comes from emission from motor vehicles, this research aims to evaluate the sound behavior in sound environments configured by voids in the urban fabric, in order to identify whether open spaces can act as attenuators of sound levels. To obtain the expected results, the methodology used was structured from a review of the state-of-the-art and computer simulations relating the variables that influence the formation of urban space and sound emission and propagation, taking as a case study an urban portion of the municipality of Vitória/ES. In parallel, questionnaires were applied to evaluate the user's perception of their exposure. The measurement results indicated that the sound pressure levels caused by traffic noise are above the limit tolerated limit by the NBR norm 10151:2000 for the daytime period. In turn, the results obtained from the population indicated that there is little perception of noise by the users of the spaces surveyed.

scholarly journals METHODUCAL APPROACH AND ASSESSMENT OF NOISE IMPACT OF RAIL TRANSPORT ON THE BASIS OF THE USE OF RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 675-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga I. Kopytenkova ◽  
D. E. Kurepin ◽  
K. B. Fridman ◽  
E. B. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Zone Of Influence

The paper presents the results of measurement, prediction and assessment of noise in the territory in the zone of the influence of the railway transport. The railway transport is established to be a source of excess acoustic impact on the environment within the area of sanitary break (100 m). The dependence of the change in noise levels from freight trains at a distance of 100 m from the source and up to 30 m from the ground surface was revealed. Equivalent sound levels in octave bands for the railway section of the model are calculated. Based on the results of field measurements and calculated data, the identification of indices of risk for adverse reactions in the population living in the zone of influence of the Railways was executed. The paper presents results of the calculation of the probability of occurrence of complaints on excessive noise and the likelihood of irritation at the noise, and the results of the calculation of risk indices of pathologies of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. The research made it possible to identify the regulatory documentation discrepancy in the definition of the health gap between the line source traffic noise and residential buildings. Field measurements and executed on their basis their modeling of the noise propagation (without obstacles) have shown that on the boundary of the regulatory sanitary protection zone (100m) in the congested section of the railway the noise level of 60-62 dBA is maintained. The risk of irritation to the noise and the likelihood of complaints is assessed as “acceptable”. The risk of pathology of the cardiovascular system is evaluated as “low”. At a distance of 50 m (65 dBA) with bearing in mind age-related changes after 70 years of exposure the risk reaches of extreme values - 0,935. Construction sites located less than 100 m from the railway were shown to fall into the zone of acoustic discomfort. There was substantiated the necessity of resolving differences in regulatory documentation by harmonizing sanitary and technical groups documents regulating methods of measurement, prediction and evaluation of sound levels on the territories in the zone of influence of the Railways.

Simulation Approach to Traffic Noise Modeling: American Automobile Manufacturers Association Community Noise Model Version 4.0

1997 ◽  
Vol 1601 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger L. Wayson ◽  
John M. MacDonald ◽  
Ronald Eaglin ◽  
Barbara Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Noise Model ◽  
Community Noise ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration ◽  
Interrupted Flow

Several models are available for predicting traffic noise levels. The FHWA-promulgated model, STAMINA 2.0, is the most widely used noise model in the United States and is used to model free-flow vehicular traffic. STAMINA 2.0 cannot directly model interrupted-flow traffic. Sound levels from interrupted-flow traffic can be approximated with STAMINA 2.0 using the method presented in NCHRP Report 311. This method is time-consuming and difficult to use. These limitations demonstrate the need for a traffic noise model that can model the acceleration and deceleration behavior of interrupted-flow traffic. The University of Central Florida has developed the American Automobile Manufacturers Association Community Noise Model (CNM). The CNM is a traffic simulation model that determines sound levels at receivers by modeling vehicles as discrete moving point sources. The vehicle energy is determined from acceleration, deceleration, idle, and cruise reference energy mean emission level curves. Sound energy attenuation is calculated from distance, ground absorption, and user input barriers. The model sums the energy at receivers from all vehicles and then calculates the Leq noise level at the receivers. It is demonstrated that the CNM predicts receiver Leq levels that are very close to STAMINA 2.0 results for constant-speed traffic. The CNM can also accurately predict sound levels at receivers located before and after intersections. In addition to the advantages of a real simulation model, the CNM is user friendly, allowing the user to place lanes and receivers using the mouse.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON EMERGING AND DESCENDING AIRCRAFT NOISE / KYLANČIŲ IR BESILEIDŽIANČIŲ ORLAIVIŲ KELIAMO TRIUKŠMO TYRIMAI

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Monika Bartkevičiūtė ◽  
Raimondas Grubliauskas
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Along with an increase in the aircraft engine power and growth in air traffic, noise level at airports and their surrounding environs significantly increases. Aircraft noise is high level noise spreading within large radius and intensively irritating the human body. Air transport is one of the main sources of noise having a particularly strong negative impact on the environment. The article deals with activities and noises taking place in the largest nationwide Vilnius International Airport.The level of noise and its dispersion was evaluated conducting research on the noise generated by emerging and descending aircrafts in National Vilnius Airport. Investigation was carried out at 2 measuring points located in a residential area. There are different types of aircrafts causing different sound levels. It has been estimated the largest exceedances that occur when an aircraft is approaching. In this case, the noisiest types of aircrafts are B733, B738 and AT72. The sound level varies from 70 to 85 dBA. The quietest aircrafts are RJ1H and F70. When taking off, the equivalent of the maximum sound level value of these aircrafts does not exceed the authorized limits. The paper describes the causes of noise in aircrafts, the sources of origin and the impact of noise on humans and the environment. Article in Lithuanian. Santrauka Padidėjus orlaivių variklių galiai ir daugėjant skrydžių, labai padidėjo oro uostuose ir šalia jų esančiose apylinkėse skleidžiamo triukšmo lygis. Lėktuvo keliamas triukšmas išsiskiria aukštu garso slėgio lygiu bei dideliu spinduliu sklindančiu garsu ir yra labiausiai dirginantis žmogaus organizmą. Orlaivių transportas – vienas pagrindinių triukšmo šaltinių, darantis ypač didelę neigiamą įtaką aplinkai. Nagrinėjamas Tarptautiniame Vilniaus oro uoste kylančių ir tupiančių orlaivių keliamas triukšmas. Triukšmo tyrimai atlikti gyvenamojoje aplinkoje greta oro uosto parinktose matavimo vietose. Pateikiami įvairių orlaivių tipų sukeliamo garso stiprumo – garso slėgio lygiai. Didžiausias leistinųjų verčių viršijimas nustatomas orlaiviams leidžiantis. Triukšmingiausi B733, B738 ir AT72 tipo orlaiviai – garso slėgio lygis 70–85 dBA. Vieni tyliausių orlaivių – RJ1H ir F70. Jiems kylant ekvivalentinės ir maksimalios garso slėgio lygio reikšmės neviršija leidžiamųjų. Aprašomos orlaivių keliamo triukšmo priežastys, kilimo šaltiniai. Nagrinėjamas triukšmo poveikis žmogui ir aplinkai.

scholarly journals The Correlation Between the Statistical Pass-By Index Values and the Total Number of Vehicle Passes

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Decký ◽  
Eva Remišová ◽  
Matej Brna ◽  
Marek Drličiak ◽  
Matúš Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Degradation Model ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Vehicle Velocity

Abstract In this study, the traffic noise degradation in asphalt pavements was analysed using the ‘Statistical Pass-By method’. The sound levels of two surfaces were monitored during 9 and 12 years of service, respectively. By comparing the dependencies of the maximum A-weighted sound pressure level on logarithm of vehicle velocity, an increase in the sound level was found at all recorded speeds. Following an analysis of sound levels, as combined with the statistical pass-by index (SPBI) calculated versus age (expressed in vehicles), it was determined that the noise is an increasing power function of SPBI values on vehicle passes, based on an approximation of noise level adjustment to a reference temperature of 20 °C (using a coefficient of 0.06 for asphalt concrete surface AC11 and - 0.03 for mastic asphalt SMA11). The adjusted traffic noise degradation model showed that the SMA11 surface has a higher resistance to acoustic degradation than AC11 surface.

scholarly journals Traffic noise in Georgia: Sound levels and inequality

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 150-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Cohen ◽  
Cletus C. Coughlin ◽  
Jonas Crews
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Sound Levels

Florida Noise Barrier Evaluation and Computer Model Validation

2003 ◽  
Vol 1859 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Wayson ◽  
John MacDonald ◽  
Ahmed EI-Assar ◽  
Win Lindeman ◽  
Mariano Berrios
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Noise Model ◽  
Barrier Method ◽  
Noise Barriers ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Noise Barrier ◽  
Source Level

The results of a project that investigated the effectiveness of in situ noise barriers in Florida are presented. The prediction accuracy of the FHWA Traffic Noise Model (TNM) is compared with STAMINA 2.0 and 2.1 (Florida-specific). A total of 20 barrier sites were visited during a 3-year period that resulted in 844 discrete 20-min equivalent sound level (Leq) measurements behind the barriers. Barrier insertion loss was determined using the ANSI indirect barrier method. A methodology was developed to estimate shadow zone length created behind highway noise barriers. All of the barriers tested were effective (>5 dB:LAeq insertion loss at distances equivalent to the first row of homes, where LAeq is the A-weighted Leq) except one site because of marginal additional shielding from a berm–barrier combination. Only three sites had an insertion loss of less than 5 dB at distances representative of the second row of homes. Overall, measurements indicate that the barriers provide substantial sound level reduction for residents along the highway. TNM was the best prediction model when considering all test sites; however, the STAMINA models were more accurate at predicting source level. TNM predictions using the Average pavement input overpredicted the reference sound levels measured at these sites. TNM predictions using the OGAC (open-graded asphalt concrete) input were improved (under 2 dB:LAeq of error) over those using the Average pavement type input. This result is expected because Florida uses an open-graded asphalt friction mix.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING OF TRAFFIC NOISE FOR THE ACOUSTIC ZONING OF ZRENJANIN

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
VANA LAKATUŠ ◽  
ŽIVOSLAV ADAMOVIĆ ◽  
LJILJANA RADOVANOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
Data Measurement ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Key Words Monitoring ◽  
Accredited Institutions ◽  
Special Hospital

This paper present monitoring of noise as a product of traffic in Zrenjanin. The purpose of this research is to point out the problems caused by the traffic noise. Measurements of sound levels were performed at several locations in Zrenjanin, along the main road: The corner of Nikola Pašić street near the shopping centre, Mala Varoš“. Milutin Milankovic Boulevard next to the Special hospital for pulmonary diseases „Dr Vasa Savic“. The paper gives an example of how to perform measurement in the field when determining the level of noise. In practice, for relevant data measurement results are obtained by authorized accredited institutions that deal with measurement noise. In accordance with regulations, this research can serve as basis for future measurements and monitoring for the purpose of acoustic zoning of Zrenjanin, easier urban planning and controlling of noise level. Acoustic zoning and making zoning maps are of great importance for many urban and strategic planning. Key words: monitoring, noise, acoustic zoning.

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