The assessment of usefulness of innovative instrumental treatments for non‑invasive reduction of a double chin

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Anna Kroma ◽  
Daria Sobkowska ◽  
Ewa Pelant ◽  
Iwona Micek ◽  
Maria Urbańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Surgery ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Contour ◽  
Facial Area ◽  
Ageing Skin ◽  
Double Chin ◽  
Instrumental Methods

One of the most common defects in the facial area is the so‑called “double chin”. The problem affects both males and females, and its occurrence is associated with several different factors. It is commonly believed that this defect is a result of excessive adipose tissue location in the lower face. However, the problem seems to be more complex. It is also facilitated by the loss of firmness and elasticity of ageing skin, and in many persons the existence of a double chin results from their anatomical structure, and therefore is determined by genes. Besides, incorrect posture accentuates the defect. It may seem that such minor change does not affect the appearance to a large extent. Whereas, in most cases it causes that the border between the jaw line and the neck disappears what, in turn, distorts the face contour. All this makes a person with a double chin look much older than he or she in fact is. This leads to negative self‑esteem, makes people feel ashamed, and quite often is the main reason for avoiding interaction with other people. So, it is no wonder that persons with such defect seek methods offering its mitigation.Surgical methods give quick and satisfactory effects. However, they are fraught with high risk of complications, and as such they cause anxiety and ultimately discourage patients from making the decision. Luckily, significant improvements in the field of cosmetology and aesthetic surgery offer a wide range of possibilities to reduce a double chin in a manner which is completely non‑invasive, pain free, and does not require long lasting convalescence. In this case, very good results are achieved with the use of innovative technological solutions, such as HIFU and cryolipolysis. Aim. The main aim of this paper is to assess the efficiacy of cryolipolysis in the double chin reduction and the description of innovative instrumental methods allowing for a non‑invasive reduction of this defect.

Exerting control: the grammatical meaning of facial displays in signed languages

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-639
Author(s):  
Sara Siyavoshi ◽  
Sherman Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cognitive Grammar ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Signed Languages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Facial Displays ◽  
The Face ◽  
Upper Face ◽  
Forceful Exertion

Abstract Signed languages employ finely articulated facial and head displays to express grammatical meanings such as mood and modality, complex propositions (conditionals, causal relations, complementation), information structure (topic, focus), assertions, content and yes/no questions, imperatives, and miratives. In this paper we examine two facial displays: an upper face display in which the eyebrows are pulled together called brow furrow, and a lower face display in which the corners of the mouth are turned down into a distinctive configuration that resembles a frown or upside-down U-shape. Our analysis employs Cognitive Grammar, specifically the control cycle and its manifestation in effective control and epistemic control. Our claim is that effective and epistemic control are associated with embodied actions. Prototypical physical effective control requires effortful activity and the forceful exertion of energy and is commonly correlated with upper face activity, often called the “face of effort.” The lower face display has been shown to be associated with epistemic indetermination, uncertainty, doubt, obviousness, and skepticism. We demonstrate that the control cycle unifies the diverse grammatical functions expressed by each facial display within a language, and that they express similar functions across a wide range of signed languages.

scholarly journals Non-invasive in vivo methods to measure lipidic formulae efficacy at the skin surface: advantages and limits

OCL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. D509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Prestat-Marquis
Keyword(s):  
Protective Layer ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
And Function ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Lipids are major ingredients in cosmetics and play an essential role in cosmetics ability to improve skin, hair, nail and mucuous membranes aspect, sensory qualities and function, either by interacting with skin components, enhancing active ingredient release or by spreading and forming a protective layer on its surface. Measuring lipids efficacy to the skin is possible through a wide range of non-invasive clinical and instrumental methods. Measurements of sebum, temperature, hydration, transepidermal water loss, skin surface topography, skin firmness, elasticity, color enable to assess the lipids ability to protect the skin, hair and mucuous membrane (from pollution, cold, chemical aggression, dehydration), restore stratum corneum barrier function, improve cutaneous visco-elastic properties and surface characteristics, enhance skin or hair sensory qualities (softness, smoothness) or look (radiance, shine), nourish dry skins and mucuous membranes or help sooth sensitive ones. We explored the advantages and limits of these methods.

Aesthetic Surgery of the Face

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Eugene Tardy ◽  
George Parras ◽  
Michael Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Surgery ◽  
The Face

Role of Cardiac MRI in Detecting Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Marymol Koshy ◽  
Bushra Johari ◽  
Mohd Farhan Hamdan ◽  
Mohammad Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Potential Use

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a global disease affecting people of various ethnic origins and both genders. HCM is a genetic disorder with a wide range of symptoms, including the catastrophic presentation of sudden cardiac death. Proper diagnosis and treatment of this disorder can relieve symptoms and prolong life. Non-invasive imaging is essential in diagnosing HCM. We present a review to deliberate the potential use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in HCM assessment and also identify the risk factors entailed with risk stratification of HCM based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

A Single-Center Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of Four Microneedling Treatments on Fine Lines and Wrinkles of Facial and Neck Skin in Subjects With Fitzpatrick Skin Types I-IV: An Objective Assessment Using Non-Invasive Devices and 0.33mm Microbiopsies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E Wamsley ◽  
Mikaela Kislevitz ◽  
Jennifer Barillas ◽  
Deniz Basci ◽  
Vishal Kandagatla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Muscle Formation ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Resolution Ultrasonography ◽  
Elastin Gene

Abstract Background While ablative techniques have been standard of care for the treatment of fine lines and wrinkles, microneedling is a minimally invasive alternative. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of microneedling on facial and neck fine lines and wrinkles. Methods 35 subjects between 44 and 65 years old with Fitzpatrick skin types I-IV received four monthly microneedling treatments over the face and neck. Subjects returned one and three months post-treatment. At every visit, high-resolution ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography, transepidermal water loss and BTC-2000 were performed. 0.33mm microbiopsies were collected pre-treatment, before the fourth treatment and three months post-treatment. Results 32 subjects (93.75% female, 6.25% male) completed all seven visits. Facial dermal and epidermal density increased 101.86% and 19.28%, respectively from baseline at three months post-treatment. Facial elasticity increased 28.2% from baseline three months post-treatment. Facial attenuation coefficient increased 15.65% and 17.33% one and three months post-treatment. At study completion, blood flow 300µm deep decreased 25.8% in the face and 42.3% in the neck. Relative collagen type III and elastin gene expression was statistically higher three months post-treatment. However, total elastin protein levels unchanged compared to baseline. 58% of biopsies extracted three months post-treatment showed dermal muscle formation, compared to baseline 15.3%. Conclusions The results illustrate the effects of microneedling treatments. Non-invasive measurements and biopsy data showed changes in skin architecture and collagen/elastin gene expression suggesting skin rejuvenation, with new extracellular matrix production and muscle formation.

scholarly journals Facial Feature Model for a Portrait Video Stylization

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxue Liang ◽  
Kyoungju Park ◽  
Przemyslaw Krompiec
Keyword(s):  
Facial Feature ◽  
Feature Model ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Outer Face ◽  
Flow Estimation ◽  
Photorealistic Rendering ◽  
Stroke Models ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Contour ◽  
Human Faces

With the advent of the deep learning method, portrait video stylization has become more popular. In this paper, we present a robust method for automatically stylizing portrait videos that contain small human faces. By extending the Mask Regions with Convolutional Neural Network features (R-CNN) with a CNN branch which detects the contour landmarks of the face, we divided the input frame into three regions: the region of facial features, the region of the inner face surrounded by 36 face contour landmarks, and the region of the outer face. Besides keeping the facial features region as it is, we used two different stroke models to render the other two regions. During the non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) of the animation video, we combined the deformable strokes and optical flow estimation between adjacent frames to follow the underlying motion coherently. The experimental results demonstrated that our method could not only effectively reserve the small and distinct facial features, but also follow the underlying motion coherently.

scholarly journals Deeply Learned Pose Invariant Image Analysis with Applications in 3D Face Recognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeem Ratyal ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad Taj ◽  
Muhammad Sajid ◽  
Anzar Mahmood ◽  
Sohail Razzaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Alignment Algorithm ◽  
3D Face Recognition ◽  
3D Face ◽  
Norm Minimization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face

Face recognition aims to establish the identity of a person based on facial characteristics and is a challenging problem due to complex nature of the facial manifold. A wide range of face recognition applications are based on classification techniques and a class label is assigned to the test image that belongs to the unknown class. In this paper, a pose invariant deeply learned multiview 3D face recognition approach is proposed and aims to address two problems: face alignment and face recognition through identification and verification setups. The proposed alignment algorithm is capable of handling frontal as well as profile face images. It employs a nose tip heuristic based pose learning approach to estimate acquisition pose of the face followed by coarse to fine nose tip alignment using L2 norm minimization. The whole face is then aligned through transformation using knowledge learned from nose tip alignment. Inspired by the intrinsic facial symmetry of the Left Half Face (LHF) and Right Half Face (RHF), Deeply learned (d) Multi-View Average Half Face (d-MVAHF) features are employed for face identification using deep convolutional neural network (dCNN). For face verification d-MVAHF-Support Vector Machine (d-MVAHF-SVM) approach is employed. The performance of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through extensive experiments performed on four databases: GavabDB, Bosphorus, UMB-DB, and FRGC v2.0. The results show that the proposed approach yields superior performance as compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals Non-invasive sensing for food reassurance

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 1587-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zou Xiaobo ◽  
Huang Xiaowei ◽  
Malcolm Povey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics

The main food quality traits of interest using non-invasive sensing techniques are sensory characteristics, chemical composition, physicochemical properties, health-protecting properties, nutritional characteristics and safety. A wide range of non-invasive sensing techniques, from optical, acoustical, electrical, to nuclear magnetic, X-ray, biosensor, microwave and terahertz, are organized according to physical principle.

scholarly journals Nucleation in continuous flow cooling sonocrystallization for coiled capillary crystallizers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Schmalenberg ◽  
Lena K. Weick ◽  
Norbert Kockmann
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Residence Time Distribution ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ultrasonic Bath ◽  
Continuous Crystallization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inner Diameter

AbstractNucleation in continuously operated capillary coiled cooling crystallizers is experimentally investigated under the influence of ultrasound. It was found that there is no sharp boundary but rather a transition zone for nucleation under sonication. For this purpose, a tube with an inner diameter of 1.6 mm and a length of 6 m was winded in a coiled flow inverter (CFI) design and immersed into a cooled ultrasonic bath (37 kHz). The CFI design was chosen for improved radial mixing and narrow residence time distribution, which is also investigated. Amino acid l-alanine dissolved in deionized water is employed in a supersaturation range of 1.10 to 1.46 under quiet and sonicated conditions. Nucleation is non-invasive detected using a flow cell equipped with a microscope and camera. Graphical abstract Since the interest and demand for small-scale, continuous crystallization increases, seed crystals were generated in a coiled tube via sonication and optically investigated and characterized. No distinct threshold for nucleation could be determined in a wide range of supersaturations of l-alanine in water

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