scholarly journals Diferencias de género en la percepción de salud en personas mayores de 60 años físicamente activas = Gender differences in the perception of health in physically active people over 60 years of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Antonia Parra-Rizo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Older People ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Sport Centers ◽  
Perception Of Health

Resumen: Introducción: El estudio del proceso del envejecimiento forma parte de las políticas sanitarias actuales, debido a su representación demográfica cada vez mayor. Este grupo representa el 22% de la población española. La mayoría de los estudios se centran en los problemas relacionados con la salud; sin embargo, se necesita más evidencia sobre las personas mayores físicamente activas y la percepción de su salud. Objetivo: Este estudio explora las diferencias en la percepción de salud en personas físicamente activas en función de las diferencias de género. Método: Un total de 397 personas mayores de 60 años (M=69.65; DT=4.71; 64.7% eran mujeres) han participado en el estudio. Todos informaron de al menos la tenencia de un año de práctica deportiva previa a su participación en este estudio. Los participantes pertenecían a centros deportivos de Alicante, España. Todos ellos completaron el cuestionario de calidad de vida Cubrecavi así como los datos sociodemográficos. Resultados: Los análisis descriptivos muestran que los participantes tienen una buena percepción de salud (M =3.15; DT =0.48, rango: 0-4). En comparación con los hombres, las mujeres muestran menos percepción de salud (p=.003). Conclusiones: La percepción de salud en términos subjetivos es peor de lo que en realidad refleja la salud objetiva.Palabras clave: salud, hombres, mujeres, personas mayores. Abstract: Introduction: The study of process of aging has became an important piece of the current health policies because the proportion of aging people is increasing. This group presents 22% of the general population in Spain. Most of the studies focusing on aging process targeted to health-related problem; however, more evidence is needed on the physically active older people and their health's perception. Objective: This study explores differences in health's perception in physically active older people, addressing gender differences. Method: A total of 397 older people over 60 year old (M=69.65; DT=4.71; 64.7% were women) participated in the study. All reported to have practiced physical activity at least during the previous year to participate in the study. Participants were recruited in sport centers in Alicante, Spain. They completed the quality of life questionnaire of Cubrecavi and provided information on sociodemographic variables. Results: Descriptive analyses showed that participants had a good perception of health (M = 3.15; DT =0.48, range: 0-4). Compared to men, women showed a less positive health perception (p = .003). Conclusions: The perception of health in terms of subjective health is worse than it actually reflects objective health.Keywords: health, men, women, elderly people.

scholarly journals Comparación de factores motivacionales entre la práctica de deportes de naturaleza, aventura competitiva y ocio

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brandão ◽  
R. Frontini ◽  
D. Peixoto ◽  
D. Fernandes ◽  
FM. Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Magnitude Effect ◽  
Exercise Motivation ◽  
Large Magnitude ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Adventure Sports ◽  
Moderate Magnitude

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue comparar a los profesionales de los deportes de naturaleza competitiva y de ocio con respecto a sus motivaciones para la práctica. La muestra consistió en 631 adultos (504 hombres y 127 mujeres) que practicaban deportes de naturaleza y de aventura. Los participantes respondieron un protocolo de evaluación compuesto por una forma sociodemográfica y el cuestionario Inventario de Motivación del Ejercicio - 2 (EMI-2). Entre los profesionales del ocio y la competencia, las variaciones se analizaron utilizando las diferencias de tamaño del efecto (EE) estandarizadas con un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 90%. Se utilizó la siguiente escala para interpretar el efecto de magnitud: <0,2, trivial; 0,2-0,6, pequeño; 0,6-1,2, moderado; > 1,2, grande. Las probabilidades se probaron considerando los cambios más pequeños que merecen la pena (SW, 0,2 x entre sujetos SD). Se usó la siguiente escala para las probabilidades cualitativas: 25-75%, posiblemente; 75-95%, probable; 95-99% muy probable; e> 99% casi seguro. Se evaluaron las diferencias en las variables con respecto a los siguientes factores: reconocimiento social, salud positiva, peso, control del estrés, revitalización, disfrute, desafío, afiliación, competencia, presiones de salud, evitación de la salud, apariencia, fuerza y resistencia y agilidad y agilidad. Solo las variables disfrute y competencia tuvieron una magnitud moderada al comparar el ocio con los profesionales de la competencia. Cuando se comparan dentro del género, encontramos que la variable competencia es más notable en las mujeres en comparación con el ocio que tiene una probabilidad de casi certeza con una gran magnitud en la variable de disfrute -29.2% [- 36.8; -20.6]; ES: -2.17 [-2.89; -1.45] y competencia -50.7% [-60.6; -38.4]; ES: -1.52 [-2.00; -1.04]. Comprender los motivos que se ajustan a la práctica de un deporte en particular es esencial para diseñar una estrategia y hacer que los planes deportivos sean más atractivos e interesantes para sus practicantes. Los factores de disfrute y competencia fueron los más significativos, lo que influyó en las diferencias de género entre y cuando se comparó el perfil de ocio y competidores. The main aim of this study was to compare sports practitioners of a competitive and leisure nature sports regarding their motivations for practice. The sample consisted of 631 adults (504 men and 127 women) who practiced nature and adventure sports. Participants answered an assessment protocol composed of a sociodemographic form and the Exercise Motivation Inventory - 2 (EMI-2) questionnaire. Among leisure and competition practitioners, variations were analyzed using standardized effect size differences (ES) with 90% Confidence Interval (CI). The following scale was used to interpret the magnitude effect: <0,2, trivial; 0,2-0,6, small; 0,6-1,2, moderate; > 1,2, large. The probabilities were tested considering the smallest worthwhile changes (SW, 0,2 x between SD subjects). The following scale was used for qualitative probabilities: 25-75%, possibly; 75-95%, likely; 95-99% very likely; e> 99% almost certain. Differences in variables were tested regarding the following factors: Social Recognition, Positive Health, Weight, Stress Management, Revitalisation, Enjoyment, Challenge, Affiliation, Competition, Health Pressures, Health Avoidance, Appearance, Strength & Endurance and Nimbleness. Only the variables Enjoyment and Competition had moderate magnitude when comparing leisure to competitive practitioners. When comparing within gender, we found that the variable Competition is more noticeable in females compared to leisure having a probability of almost certain with large magnitude on the Enjoyment variable -29.2% [-36.8;-20.6]; ES: -2.17 [-2.89;-1.45] and competition -50.7% [-60.6;-38.4]; ES: -1.52 [-2.00;-1.04]. Understanding the motives that fit the practice of a particular sport is essential to tailor a strategy and make sports plans more appealing and interesting for their practitioners. The Enjoyment and Competition factors were the most significant, which influenced the gender differences between and when comparing the profile of leisure and competitors.

scholarly journals Fear of falling and self-perception of health in older participants and non-participants of physical activity programs

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Kruleske da Silva ◽  
Celita Salmaso Trelha ◽  
Rubens Alexandre da Silva Junior
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Programs ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Perception Of Health

Fear of falling, self-perception of health, and participation in physical activity programs have been associated with several variables related to health and performance in older adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate self-perception of health and fear of falling in older adult participants and non-participants of physical activity programs, and to verify the relationship between these variables. A total of 40 healthy but sedentary older adults, and 45 physically active older adults were assessed through the Falls Efficacy Scale International-Brazil (FES-I) and a questionnaire that measured their self-perception of health. The older adults that did not participate in regular physical activity programs presented higher scores of fear of falling, which, in turn, is associated with an increase of risk for falls. Moreover, older adults, participants in regular physical activity programs exhibited a more positive health perception than did the non-participants. Also, non-participants of physical activity programs perceived their health status as being poor or very poor as well as expressing great concern about falling compared to those who considered their health as excellent, good or regular. The results of this study have important implications for making clinical decisions in prevention or rehabilitation of older people, and they justify recommendations to the public health system.

scholarly journals Factores motivacionales relacionados con la intención de seguir practicando ejercicio físico en mujeres adultas (Motivational factors related to the intention to continue practicing exercise in adult women)

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Bermejo ◽  
Bartolomé Jesús Almagro ◽  
José Antonio Rebollo
Keyword(s):  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Sport Centers ◽  
Intention To Continue ◽  
Identified Regulation

El objetivo principal del estudio fue analizar la influencia de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y los diferentes tipos de motivación sobre la intención de seguir practicando ejercicio físico en mujeres adultas. Se utilizó una muestra de 145 practicantes cuya edad media fue 48.03. Todas las participantes eran practicantes de actividades físicas dirigidas en distintos centros deportivos públicos de Huelva. Se midieron las necesidades psicológicas básicas en el ejercicio, los diferentes tipos de motivación y la intención de seguir practicando ejercicio físico. Los resultados del análisis de regresión lineal revelaron que tanto la satisfacción de la necesidad de autonomía y de relación con los demás como la regulación identificada predijeron significativa y positivamente la intención de seguir practicando ejercicio físico, obteniendo una varianza explicada del 41%. Además, la regulación identificada actúo como un mediador parcial entre la satisfacción de la necesidades psicológicas básicas (de autonomía y de relación con los demás) y la intención de seguir realizando ejercicio de las mujeres encuestadas. Se discuten los resultados según la teoría de la autodeterminación.Abstract: The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of basic psychological needs satisfaction and different types of motivation on the intention to continue being physically active in adult women. A sample of 145 trainees whose average age was 48.03 was selected. All participants practiced guided physical activities in different public sport centers of Huelva. Basic psychological needs, different types of motivation, and intention to be physically active were measured. Results of linear regression analyses show that satisfaction of autonomy and relatedness, as well as the identified regulation, predicted positively and significantly the intention to continue with exercise practice, with an explained variance of 41%. Moreover, identified regulation acted as a partial mediator between satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy and relatedness) and the intention to continue exercising in the women surveyed. The results are discussed according to self-determination theory.

Contributions of Psychosocial Factors and Physical Activity to Successful Aging

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melchor Gutiérrez ◽  
José Manuel Tomás ◽  
Pablo Calatayud
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older People ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Sport Centers

AbstractThe aim of this study was twofold: (a) To validate a successful aging model in a Spanish older adult’s sample, and (b) to predict successful aging from psychosocial factors and physical activity. Participants were 725 Spanish older people, of whom 478 were women and 247 men, aged between 55 and 100 years. Of these, 501 were physically active and 197 persons did not practice physical activity. The sample was collected in three areas: Sport centers, day centers and public areas of several Spanish towns. Factorial validity of the Successful Aging Inventory was studied by confirmatory factor analysis, and four multiple regressions to predict each of the dimensions of successful aging (functional performance, intrapsychic factors, gerotranscendence, and spirituality) were estimated. The model of successful aging in Spanish elderly through the Successful Aging Inventory was adequate. The four multiple regressions predicted highly successful aging, with effect sizes of: R2 = .037 for spirituality; .267 for functional performance; .531 for intrapsychic factors; and .356 for gerotrascendece. A main conclusion derived from the results is that older people who do exercise achieve better aging. Another point is that aspects of health and life satisfaction are directly related to better aging while social aspects influence indirectly.

QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE MULHERES E AS CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS ASSOCIADAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Giovanna Cazella ◽  
Letícia Yamawaka De Almeida ◽  
Jaqueline Lemos De Oliveira ◽  
Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti ◽  
Jacqueline De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Las Mujeres

Objetivo: analisar as características sociodemográficas associadas à percepção da qualidade de vida de mulheres atendidas na atenção primária. Metodologia: estudo transversal, quantitativo, desenvolvido com 113 mulheres em uma unidade de saúde do interior de São Paulo. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e a versão abreviada do instrumento de avaliação de qualidade de vida. Para análise dos dados, foram empreendidos testes de associação. Resultados: a maioria das participantes era de classes sociais menos favorecidas e apresentava boa percepção de qualidade de vida e saúde. Os fatores renda, escolaridade e idade foram os mais relevantes na associação com a qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Apesar de mencionarem boa qualidade de vida e saúde, foram identificados piores resultados nos domínios físicos, psicológicos e meio ambiente.  Os achados reforçam a necessidade de que as ações de saúde estejam contextualizadas aos aspectos sociais/territoriais e vinculadas a políticas mais amplas de redução da vulnerabilidade social. WOMEN'S QUALITY OF LIFE AND ASSOCIATED SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICSObjective: to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics associated to the perception of the quality of life of the women attended in the Primary Health Care. Methodology: this cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out with 113 women aged 20 to 65 years in a health unit in the interior of São Paulo. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the abbreviated version of the WHOQOL-bref quality of life assessment instrument were used. For data analysis, association tests were undertaken. Results: the majority of participants were from less favored social classes and had a good perception of quality of life and health. The factors income, schooling and age were the most relevant in the association with quality of life. Conclusion: in view of the sociodemographic characteristics associated with quality of life in the present study, it is emphasized that health actions should be linked to broader policies to reduce social vulnerability, enabling empowerment strategies and, above all, increasing women's access to education and income.Descriptors: Quality of Life; Health Centers; Social Vulnerability; Women; Primary Health Care.CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LAS MUJERES Y LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS ASSOCIADASObjetivo: analizar las características sociodemográficas asociadas a la percepción de la calidad de vida de mujeres que acuden a atención primaria. Métodos: este estudio cuantitativo transversal se realizó con 113 mujeres de 20 a 65 años en una unidad de salud en el interior de São Paulo. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la versión abreviada del instrumento de evaluación de calidad de vida WHOQOL-bref. Para el análisis de los datos, se realizaron pruebas de asociación. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes provenían de clases sociales más bajas y tenían una buena percepción de la calidad de vida y la salud. Los factores ingresos, educación y edad fueron los más relevantes en asociación con la calidad de vida. Conclusión: en vista de las características sociodemográficas asociadas con la calidad de vida en el presente estudio, se enfatiza que las acciones de salud están vinculadas a políticas más amplias para reducir la vulnerabilidad social, permitiendo estrategias de empoderamiento y, sobre todo, aumentando el acceso de las mujeres a educación e ingresos.Descriptores: Calidad de Vida; Centros de Salud; Vulnerabilidad Social; Mujeres; Atención Primaria de Salud.

scholarly journals Positive Subjective Health of Older Homeless and Older Irish Travelers: a Participant-Led Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 107-107
Author(s):  
Bridin Carroll ◽  
Kieran Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Care Models ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Positive Ageing

Abstract Older people experiencing homelessness and older Irish Travellers (OTOH) are both over-represented in the cohort who use acute health services. Impending health care reform in Ireland will be based on primary care models, meaning home and community care will be, for the first time, underpinned by a regulatory framework. For these reasons, this study aims to gain a nuanced understanding of how OTOH, as marginalised older people, might be best served by new home care and community care models. Using a qualitative, voice-led approach, a life course and structural determinants lens is employed to probe the health conditions, experiences and expectations of OTOH, as well as their perceptions and values around the concept of ‘home’. The research processes and outcomes of one of five phases of research are presented in this paper: participant-led research. In this phase, five OTOH were trained and assisted to complete a short research project which fed into the goals of the wider study. Emergent findings suggest that social connections underpin health and well-being for OTOH, throughout the life course, and presently. This was also seen as a fundamental element for healthy and positive ageing. In addition, ‘home’ was defined with reference to the presence (or absence) of familial or other social connections. This study represents an important contribution to scholarship on old age social exclusion. It is entirely novel in its approach to focusing on OTOH health and wellbeing. The outputs of this study also have important implications for upcoming health reform policies in Ireland.

scholarly journals Loneliness during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison between Older and Younger People

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7871
Author(s):  
Mostafa Saidur Rahim Khan ◽  
Yoshihiko Kadoya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older People ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Precautionary Measures

The precautionary measures and uncertainties surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic have serious psychological impacts on peoples’ mental health. We used longitudinal data from Hiroshima University to investigate loneliness before and during the pandemic among older and younger people in Japan. We provide evidence that loneliness among both older and younger people increased considerably during the pandemic. Although loneliness among younger people is more pervasive, the magnitude of increase in loneliness during the pandemic is higher among older people. Our logit regression analysis shows that age, subjective health status, and feelings of depression are strongly associated with loneliness before and during the pandemic. Moreover, household income and financial satisfaction are associated with loneliness among older people during the pandemic while gender, marital status, living condition, and depression are associated with loneliness among younger people during the pandemic. The evidence of increasing loneliness during the pandemic is concerning for a traditionally well-connected and culturally collectivist society such as Japan. As loneliness has a proven connection with both physical and mental health, we suggest immediate policy interventions to provide mental health support for lonely people so they feel more cared for, secure, and socially connected.

Prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal en la población infantil de una zona rural del Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-602
Author(s):  
K. Cuenca-León ◽  
J. Sarmiento-Ordóñez ◽  
P. Blandín-Lituma ◽  
P. Benítez-Castrillón ◽  
E. M. Pacheco-Quito
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Las Mujeres

En la actualidad las investigaciones entorno a la calidad de vida desde la salud, son de vital importancia a nivel mundial, puesto que la identificación de los factores que desencadenan ciertas patologías prevalentes sirven para actuar y mejorar las condiciones de vida; en específico en este trabajo nos referiremos al grupo infantil y la parasitosis pediátrica, la misma que genera índices de anemia, peso bajo, entre otros. El propósito fue identificar la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales en escolares de 6 a 12 años en poblaciones rurales, de la ciudad de Paute, Ecuador. Se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal, se trabajó con 608 niños pertenecientes a zonas rurales de Paute, el análisis coprológico fue mediante el método convencional, se reportó número de parásitos por campo. Esta investigación fue desarrollada bajo el permiso de un Comité de Bioética. Se analizaron 608 muestras coproparasitarias, obteniéndose una significancia estadística con respecto al sexo, los varones presentaron una prevalencia de parasitismo (14,63%) sobre las mujeres (8,88%), el parásito con mayor prevalencia es la Entamoeba histolytica. La prevalencia de parasitosis infantil en el sector rural de Paute, Ecuador es de 23,52%, siendo mayor en varones, el parásito más frecuente es la E. histolytica.

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