scholarly journals Assessment of parameters of the hybrid drive system in vehicles in urban traffic conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Wojciech Cieślik ◽  
Ireneusz Pielecha ◽  
Andrzej Szałek
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Drive Systems

Continuously increasing share of the hybrid and electric vehicles in the global automotive market justifies the need for detailed analysis of the operational effectiveness of these drive systems. The aim of the study was to assess the operational conditions of the combustion engines and electric motors in hybrid drive systems – full hybrid – of the motor vehicles in urban traffic conditions. Variety of designs of such drive systems is related to the high voltage batteries used and the way of charging them. The road tests were conducted in Warsaw (urban traffic conditions) by recording the operational parameters of three vehicles and their driving systems. The conditions of operation of the combustion engine and electric motors along with the values of their high voltage battery charge level were related to the test routes. The analysis of the relative shares of engine and motor operation time in the total time of vehicle operation in urban traffic conditions was conducted. The scope of operation of the hybrid drive system utilizing only electric propulsion system was determined. The relations between the operational indexes of the hybrid propulsion (combustion engine and electric motor) in real traffic conditions and the charge level of batteries, current speeds and accelerations were shown.

scholarly journals Indexes of performance of combustion engines in hybrid vehicles during the UDC test

2015 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Wojciech CIEŚLIK ◽  
Ireneusz PIELECHA ◽  
Andrzej SZAŁEK
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
High Voltage Battery ◽  
Drive Systems

An increased interest in hybrid drive systems allowing reduction of fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, as well as their partial use as zero–emission vehicles promotes the development of these types of drive systems. The market analysis indicates an increased sale of hybrid drives in vehicles, and this means that actions taken towards of reduction of fuel consumption are still valid. The aim of this article is to indicate the indexes of performance of combustion engines in hybrid vehicles during a part of the type-approval driving test. The article analyses Toyota hybrid vehicles with particular attention paid to the parameters of the hybrid drive system and the influence of the charge level of battery on the share of the combustion engine operation in the total time of the vehicle operation. The analysis was carried out for vehicles equipped with the Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive system working with different types of high voltage battery.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Use of Electric Drive Systems for Crew Transfer Vessels Servicing Offshore Wind Farms

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Łebkowski
Keyword(s):  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Electrical Drive ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Drive Systems

The article presents issues related to the possibility of using electric propulsion systems in units used to transport crews servicing wind towers at sea. Offshore wind energy issues are discussed. Proposals for electric propulsion systems that could be used on units for transporting crews servicing offshore wind farms are presented. The possibility of using purely electrical drive systems or hybrid drive systems operating in a diesel-electric configuration is analyzed. By observing the motion of real CTV units, based on the data from the MarineTraffic service, a mathematical simulation model was developed, for which a number of simulations were carried out in the Modelica environment. The developed mathematical model takes into account the dynamic loads acting on the ship’s hull, hydrodynamic resistances, electric and diesel propulsion systems’ properties together with their individual elements’ characteristics. The tests of the electric propulsion system showed reduced fuel consumption (approx. 60%) and harmful gas emissions to the atmosphere (approximately 70%) in relation to conventional, internal combustion engine propulsion.

scholarly journals Energy consumption of a passenger car with a hybrid powertrain in real traffic conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bieniek ◽  
Mariusz Graba ◽  
Jarosław Mamala ◽  
Krzysztof Prażnowski ◽  
Krystian Hennek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Passenger Car

The analysis of energy consumption in a hybrid drive system of a passenger car in real road conditions is an important factor determining its operational indicators. The article presents energy consumption analysis of a car equipped with an advanced Plug-in Hybrid Drive System (PHEV), driving in real road conditions on a test section of about 51 km covered in various environmental conditions and seasons. Particular attention was paid to the energy consumption resulting from the cooperation of two independent drive units, analyzed in terms of the total energy expenditure. The energy consumption obtained from fuel and energy collected from the car’s batteries for each run over the total distance of 12,500 km was summarized. The instantaneous values of energy consumption for the hybrid drive per kilometer of distance traveled in car’s real operating conditions range from 0.6 to 1.4 MJ/km, with lower values relating to the vehicle operation only with electric drive. The upper range applies to the internal combustion engine, which increases not only the energy expenditure in the TTW (Tank-to-Wheel) system, but also CO2 emissions to the environment. Based on the experimental data, the curves of total energy consumption per kilometer of the road section traveled were determined, showing a close correlation with the actual operating conditions. Obtained values were compared with homologation data from the WLTP test of the tested passenger car, where the average value of energy demand is 1.1 MJ/km and the CO2 emission is 23 g/km.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Drive System for Electric Motors based on the IRAM Module

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreyna Sárila Ramos Ferreira ◽  
Débora Debiaze De Paula ◽  
Paulo Jefferson Dias de Oliveira Evald ◽  
Rodrigo Zelir Azzolin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Welding Robot ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Ac Motors ◽  
Drive Systems

With the increasing use of equipment that demand electric drive systems, the need for new systems that meet requirements of compactness, versatility, safety and low cost has increased. The IRAM module is an electronic circuit that provides a driver for DC and AC motors, being extremely compact and presents high performance. In this context, this work contributes to the power electronics area, presenting a design and construction of a low cost drive system, based on IRAM module, developed for individual or simultaneous drive, up to two DC motors. To carry out the experiments, DC motors responsible for moving a welding robot, were used. Experimental results are presented to shown the feasibility of using this system.

scholarly journals The Influence of Engine Downsizing in Hybrid Powertrains on the Energy Flow Indicators under Actual Traffic Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2872
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szałek ◽  
Ireneusz Pielecha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Drive Systems ◽  
Working Parameters

The development of internal combustion engines is currently based around the ideas of downsizing and rightsizing. These trends, however, are not very widespread in vehicles with hybrid drive systems. Nevertheless, the authors analyzed the performance indicators of hybrid drives in downsized vehicles. Two generations of a vehicle model, equipped with hybrid drive systems, were used in the analysis in which not only the design of the internal combustion engine was changed, but also other hybrid drive systems (including the transmission, electric motors and high-voltage batteries). The paper analyzes the energy flow in two hybrid vehicles of different generations during tests in real road driving conditions in accordance with the requirements of the RDE (real driving emissions) tests. The authors have confirmed that newer vehicle designs extend the vehicle range by 38% in the electric mode under the conditions of road traffic (68% in the urban conditions). The application of a combustion engine with better operating indexes did not result in its greater load, but led to limitation of the maximum pressure-volume (PV) diagram. The change of the battery to Li-ion, despite its lower electric and energy capacity, led to an increase in vehicle’s working parameters (power and regenerative braking).

scholarly journals Analysis of the operation of the hybrid drive system in the light of the proposed Euro 7 standard

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Szramowiat ◽  
Andrzej Szałek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

The article presents the issues of energy recovery in the hybrid drive system of a vehicle Toyota Yaris 1,5 Hybrid. Road tests of a vehicle equipped with a hybrid drive system were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the RDE test. In these studies, measurements of braking energy recovery were carried out in urban, rural and motorway traffic conditions. The analysis of the obtained test results may constitute a premise for the creation of an appropriate strategy for the operation of the hybrid drive system in terms of meeting the requirements of the currently prepared Euro 7 standard.

scholarly journals Conception of gear ratios selection between the engine and the electric machine in the hybrid drive systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Kazimierz ROMANISZYN
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Electric Machine ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Drive Systems ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions

Modern vehicles with hybrid combustion-electric drive systems are an important element in the strategy for reducing fuel consumption and emissions of exhaust gas components. Determinant of the use and development is to achieve substantial benefits in terms of classical powertrain vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines. This paper presents the concept of kinematic ratio selection between the engine and the electric machine. This concept is based on the analysis of the internal combustion engine load caused by the resistances of motion and the best possible assessment of the additional load caused by the operation of the generator. It is proposed that the energy transferred to the generator was taken in a most preferred area of the engine performance characteristics and generator by changing kinematic ratio between the engine and the generator. The described concept can also be used for the recovery of vehicles braking energy.

scholarly journals Fuel Consumption Reduction By Use Of Hybrid Drive Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Folker Renken
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Drive Train ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Drive Systems

Vehicles with hybrid drive systems are characterized by their driving dynamics, their energy efficiency and their environment-friendliness especially. Dependent on the electrical power and the drive train structure these hybrid drives are grouped into different classes. Designations such as micro-hybrid, mild- hybrid, full-hybrid, serial-hybrid, serial/parallel-hybrid or power-split-hybrid reflect the large variance of these different drive train possibilities. In hybrid drive systems electronically controlled converters take an important role. With such a converter also the energy exchange between electrical power system and electrical machine is regulated. The reduction of the vehicle fuel consumption here is of special interest. Today's hybrid vehicles use for the control mainly information from the present driving conditions, taking into account the actual electrical power system-charge as well as the power demand of the driver. With such a control already considerable fuel reductions are reached. But additionally superimposed control and information systems promise substantial potential for more fuel reduction. With these systems an outstanding energy-saving and anticipatory way of driving could be realized. The aim is to find the best operating point in each case for the combustion engine and to adapt the charge state of the electrical power system to the respective driving situation.

scholarly journals Reproducibility and repeatability of hybrid propulsion systems operation indexes in test conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Ireneusz PIELECHA ◽  
Wojciech CIEŚLIK ◽  
Michał SIWOŃ
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Accelerator Pedal ◽  
Hybrid Propulsion ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
System A ◽  
Practical Evaluation

The analysis of driving tests repeatability is an important issue in terms of measuring the parameters determining operating conditions of the engine and the vehicle. Most of the typical tests apply to powertrains systems or entire vehicles. This paper undertakes the issue of practical evaluation of the tests repeatability on test stands equipped with a hybrid drive system. A high reproducibility of driving tests using only the accelerator pedal settings was obtained. Also a significant battery charge level influence on the repeatability of selected parameters of the hybrid drive system in driving tests was proved. Such dependence on the level of battery charge was demonstrated for the vehicle speed, combustion engine speed and the degree of the combustion engine utilization, affecting at the same time the operating conditions of the electric motor.

scholarly journals Review of Motors for Electrical Vehicles

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Aja Zarma ◽  
Ahmadu Adamu Galadima ◽  
Maruf A. Aminu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
Toxic Emission ◽  
Electrical Vehicles ◽  
Drive Systems

The need for clean energy and removal of toxic emission from internal combustion engines have led researchers and engineers into exploring and developing new drive systems. The development of hybrid cars has greatly reduced the emission level of vehicles. However, this is not enough. The purely electrical vehicles are 100% clean in service and as such their deployment is of great importance. Therefore, these vehicles replace the internal combustion engine in conventional cars and automobiles with electric motors. Hence, the need for the motor drive in an electric vehicle that is highly efficient with low weight, high power density and cheaply available in the market. In this paper, a review of different electric motors with respect to their design simplicity, cost, ruggedness and efficiency is presented. Finally, the brushless DC motor is proven to be an efficient and most suitable candidate for propulsion drive in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. However, its control is insufficient. A conceptual method to improve its control is also presented.

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