Techniques with low hardware complexity of the driver electronics

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temkar N. Ruckmongathan
Keyword(s):  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Driver Electronics

An Efficient Distributed Single-hop Relay Supporting (EDSRS) MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Arvind Kakria ◽  
Trilok Chand Aseri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Distributed Coordination ◽  
Hardware Complexity

Background & Objective: Wireless communication has immensely grown during the past few decades due to significant demand for mobile access. Although cost-effective as compared to their wired counterpart, maintaining good quality-of-service (QoS) in these networks has always remained a challenge. Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which consists of multiple transmitter and receiver antennas, have been widely acknowledged for their QoS and transmit diversity. Though suited for cellular base stations, MIMO systems are not suited for small-sized wireless nodes due to their hardware complexity, cost, and increased power requirements. Cooperative communication that allows relays, i.e. mobile or fixed nodes in a communication network, to share their resources and forward other node’s data to the destination node has substituted the MIMO systems nowadays. To harness the full benefit of cooperative communication, appropriate relay node selection is very important. This paper presents an efficient single-hop distributed relay supporting medium access control (MAC) protocol (EDSRS) that works in the single-hop environment and improves the energy efficiency and the life of relay nodes without compensating the throughput of the network. Methods: The protocol has been simulated using NS2 simulator. The proposed protocol is compared with energy efficient cooperative MAC protocol (EECOMAC) and legacy distributed coordination function (DCF) on the basis of throughput, energy efficiency, transmission delay and an end to end delay with various payload sizes. Result and Conclusion: The result of the comparison indicates that the proposed protocol (EDSRS) outperforms the other two protocols.

Design of Lightweight Hash Function Based on Iterate

2014 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. 786-789
Author(s):  
Shu Jing Gao ◽  
Rui Quan Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hash Function ◽  
Information Loss ◽  
Basic Component ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Passive Devices

A hash functionhMISRthat suitable for passive devices is proposed. Taking parallel LFSR as the basic componenthMISRprovides the security through one-wayness brought by the information loss in the process of compression. When implemented, the hardware complexity ofhMISRis much lower than Toeplitz hash.

A Literature Survey on Algorithms and Hardware Architectures of Max-Log-MAP Demapping

2021 ◽  
pp. 2230001
Author(s):  
Mostafa Rizk ◽  
Amer Baghdadi ◽  
Michel Jézéquel
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
High Order ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Map Algorithm ◽  
Resource Requirements ◽  
Hardware Resource ◽  
Modulation Schemes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Log Map

Emergent wireless communication standards, which are employed in different transmission environments, support various modulation schemes. High-order constellations are targeted to achieve high bandwidth efficiency. However, the complexity of the symbol-by-symbol Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) algorithm increases dramatically for these high-order modulation schemes. In order to reduce the hardware complexity, the suboptimal Max-Log-MAP, which is the direct transformation of the MAP algorithm into logarithmic domain, is alternatively implemented. In the literature, a great deal of research effort has been invested into Max-Log-MAP demapping. Several simplifications are presented to meet with specific constellations. In addition, the hardware implementations dedicated for Max-Log-MAP demapping vary greatly in terms of design choices, supported flexibility and performance criteria, making them a challenge to compare. This paper explores the published Max-Log-MAP algorithm simplifications and existing hardware demapper designs and presents an extensive review of the current literature. In-depth comparisons are drawn amongst the designs and different key performance characteristics are described, namely, achieved throughput, hardware resource requirements and flexibility. This survey should facilitate fair comparisons of future designs, as well as opportunities for improving the design of Max-Log-MAP demappers.

scholarly journals Energy and Information Beamforming in Airborne Massive MIMO System for Wireless Powered Communications

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurong Wang ◽  
Aijun Liu ◽  
Kui Xu ◽  
Xiaochen Xia
Keyword(s):  
Mimo System ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Mimo Channels ◽  
Channel State ◽  
Active Antennas ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Critical Problems

Energy supply and information backhaul are critical problems for wireless sensor networks deployed in remote places with poor infrastructure. To deal with these problems, this paper proposes an airborne massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system for wireless energy transfer (WET) and information transmission. An air platform (AP) equipped with a two-dimensional rectangular antenna array is employed to broadcast energy and provide wireless access for ground sensors. By exploiting the statistical property of air-terrestrial MIMO channels, the energy and information beamformers are jointly designed to maximize the average received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), which gives rise to a statistical max-SINR beamforming scheme. The scheme does not rely on the instantaneous channel state information, but still requires large numbers of RF chains at AP. To deal with this problem, a heuristic strongest-path energy and information beamforming scheme is proposed, which can be implemented in the analog-domain with low computational and hardware complexity. The analysis of the relation between the two schemes reveals that, with proper sensor scheduling, the strongest-path beamforming is equivalent to the statistical max-SINR beamforming when the number of AP antennas tends to infinity. Using the asymptotic approximation of average received SINR at AP, the system parameters, including transmit power, number of active antennas of AP and duration of WET phase, are optimized jointly to maximize the system energy efficiency. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve a good tradeoff between system performance and complexity.

scholarly journals Load-Balancing using HA Proxy on Multipath System with Flow Slice

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2182-2188
Author(s):  
Pallavali Radha ◽  
C Surekha ◽  
U Sesadri
Keyword(s):  
Load Balancing ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Load Balance ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Multiple Paths ◽  
Heavy Tailed ◽  
Reliable Solution ◽  
Hashing Algorithm

To provide switching capacity in terabit or petabit uses core routers in multipath switching systems (MPS). Without disturbing the order of intra flow packets, the load balance across multiple paths is the main issue of MPS design phase. The performance is not good through heavy tailed flow size distribution in flow based hashing algorithm. Our proposed novel scheme consist the HA Proxy very fast and reliable solution offering high availability, load balancing, and proxying for TCP and HTTP-based applications. To process Layer7 of web site or to provide persistence to the website this scheme is very well suited for heavy load web sites crawling and flow slices are generated through Flow Slice (FS) that halt each flow at every intra flow spell larger than a slicing threshold and balances the load. The study analysis on traces of Internet, our scheme is optimal in load balancing performance through FS and the slicing threshold we set to 1 to 4 ms. We neglected out of order packets limits of probability 1/106 on three prominent MPSs with little hardware complexity and twice of the internal speedup. The theoretical analysis proved that this and trace driven prototype simulations are validated. 

scholarly journals A Novel Architecture of Radix-3 Singlepath Delay Feedback (R3SDF) FFT Using MCSLA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Periyarselvam K ◽  
Saravanakumar G ◽  
Anand M
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Path Delay ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Fft Processor ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Multiplexing Systems ◽  
Single Path

Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is widely used in digital signal processing and telecommunications, particularly in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems, to overcome the problems associated with orthogonal subcarriers. A new algorithm of radix-3 FFT has been introduced in this work. The DFT of length N can be realized from three DFT sequences; each of length N/3.Radix-3 algorithm reduces the number of multiplications required for realizing DFT.A novel design of Radix-3pipelined Single path Delay Feedback (R3SDF) FFT using MCSLA has been proposed in this paper. First, the pipelined radix-3 SDF FFT method has been designed. It has less area and large power consumption and delay. In order to overcome these problems, modified carry select adder structure is used to perform the adder operation for reducing the power consumption and delay. Finally, the MCSLA is integrated into radix-3 SDF FFT processor. The hardware complexity and execution time for implementing radix-3 FFT algorithm can be reduced than other FFTs.

scholarly journals Dual-Branch Pre-Distorted Enhanced ADO-OFDM for Full-Duplex Underwater Optical Wireless Communication System

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Zixian Wei ◽  
Yibin Li ◽  
Zhaoming Wang ◽  
Junbin Fang ◽  
Hongyan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Spectral Efficiency ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Optical Channel ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Double Gamma Function

In this paper, dual-branch pre-distorted enhanced asymmetrically clipped direct current (DC) biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PEADO-OFDM) for underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) is firstly proposed and simulated. The performances of PEADO-OFDM on the underwater optical channel model (UOCM) are analyzed and further compared with the typical ADO-OFDM. Using the Monte Carlo method for the modeling of UOCM, we adopt a double-gamma function to represent three different water qualities including clear, coastal and harbor waters. The full-duplex architecture enables the removal of Hermitian symmetry (HS) from conventional optical OFDM and can increase the spectral efficiency at the cost of hardware complexity. A new PEADO-OFDM transmitter is also proposed to reduce the complexity of the transmitter. The simulation results exhibit that our proposed dual-branch PEADO-OFDM scheme outperforms the typical ADO-OFDM scheme in spectral efficiency, bit error rate (BER) and stability over the underwater channels of three different water qualities.

scholarly journals Mixed signal testing system technique with algebraic signature analyzer without carry propagation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Faruque Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Testing System ◽  
Signal System ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Mixed Signal ◽  
Algebraic Signature ◽  
Signature Analyzer ◽  
System Technique ◽  
Algebraic Cryptography ◽  
Mixed Signal Testing

Signature Analyzer is an analyzer which is widely used for mixed-signal system testing. But its hardware has high complexity in implementation as the application technique is a system with rules of an arithmetic finite field with arbitrary radix. It’s a challenging task. To avoid this complexity here the project is made based on Algebraic Signature Analyzer that can be used for mixed signal testing and the analyzer doesn’t contain carry propagation circuitry. It improves performance and fault tolerance. This technique is simple and applicable to systems of any size or radix. The hardware complexity is very low compared to the conventional one and can be used in arithmetic/ algebraic cryptography as well as coding

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