An Enhanced Variable Phase Accumulator with Minimal Hardware Complexity Dedicated to ADPLL Applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehmi Saad ◽  
Mongia Mhiri ◽  
Aymen Ben Hammadi ◽  
Kamel Besbes
Keyword(s):  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Variable Phase ◽  
Minimal Hardware

scholarly journals PIMP My Many-Core: Pipeline-Integrated Message Passing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Mische ◽  
Martin Frieb ◽  
Alexander Stegmeier ◽  
Theo Ungerer
Keyword(s):  
Message Passing ◽  
Direct Memory Access ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Instruction Set ◽  
Address Space ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Memory Accesses ◽  
Hardware Costs ◽  
Many Core ◽  
Minimal Hardware

Abstract To improve the scalability, several many-core architectures use message passing instead of shared memory accesses for communication. Unfortunately, Direct Memory Access (DMA) transfers in a shared address space are usually used to emulate message passing, which entails a lot of overhead and thwarts the advantages of message passing. Recently proposed register-level message passing alternatives use special instructions to send the contents of a single register to another core. The reduced communication overhead and architectural simplicity lead to good many-core scalability. After investigating several other approaches in terms of hardware complexity and throughput overhead, we recommend a small instruction set extension to enable register-level message passing at minimal hardware costs and describe its integration into a classical five stage RISC-V pipeline.

scholarly journals Two-Electrode ECG for Ambulatory Monitoring with Minimal Hardware Complexity

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2386
Author(s):  
Branko Babusiak ◽  
Stefan Borik ◽  
Maros Smondrk
Keyword(s):  
Noise Suppression ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Noise Current ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Power Line Noise ◽  
Minimal Hardware ◽  
Line Noise

This article introduces a two-electrode ground-free electrocardiogram (ECG) with minimal hardware complexity, which is ideal for wearable battery-powered devices. The main issue of ground-free measurements is the presence of noise. Therefore, noise suppression methods that can be employed for a two-electrode ECG acquisition system are discussed in detail. Experimental measurements of a living subject and patient simulator are used to investigate and compare the performance of the three proposed methods utilizing the ADS1191 analogue front-end for biopotential measurements. The resulting signals recorded for the simulator indicate that all three methods should be suitable for suppressing power-line noise. The Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the signals measured for a subject exhibits differences across methods; the signal power at 50 Hz is −28, −24.8, and −26 dB for the first, second, and third method, respectively. The digital postprocessing of measured signals acquired a high-quality ECG signal comparable to that of three-electrode sensing. The current consumption measurements demonstrate that all proposed two-electrode ECG solutions are appropriate as a battery-powered device (current consumption < 1.5 mA; sampling rate of 500 SPS). The first method, according to the results, is considered the most effective method in the suppression of power-line noise, current consumption, and hardware complexity.

An Efficient Distributed Single-hop Relay Supporting (EDSRS) MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Arvind Kakria ◽  
Trilok Chand Aseri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Distributed Coordination ◽  
Hardware Complexity

Background & Objective: Wireless communication has immensely grown during the past few decades due to significant demand for mobile access. Although cost-effective as compared to their wired counterpart, maintaining good quality-of-service (QoS) in these networks has always remained a challenge. Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which consists of multiple transmitter and receiver antennas, have been widely acknowledged for their QoS and transmit diversity. Though suited for cellular base stations, MIMO systems are not suited for small-sized wireless nodes due to their hardware complexity, cost, and increased power requirements. Cooperative communication that allows relays, i.e. mobile or fixed nodes in a communication network, to share their resources and forward other node’s data to the destination node has substituted the MIMO systems nowadays. To harness the full benefit of cooperative communication, appropriate relay node selection is very important. This paper presents an efficient single-hop distributed relay supporting medium access control (MAC) protocol (EDSRS) that works in the single-hop environment and improves the energy efficiency and the life of relay nodes without compensating the throughput of the network. Methods: The protocol has been simulated using NS2 simulator. The proposed protocol is compared with energy efficient cooperative MAC protocol (EECOMAC) and legacy distributed coordination function (DCF) on the basis of throughput, energy efficiency, transmission delay and an end to end delay with various payload sizes. Result and Conclusion: The result of the comparison indicates that the proposed protocol (EDSRS) outperforms the other two protocols.

Single-point imaging with a variable phase encoding interval

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Latta ◽  
Marco L.H. Gruwel ◽  
Vyacheslav Volotovskyy ◽  
Michael H. Weber ◽  
Boguslaw Tomanek
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Phase Encoding ◽  
Variable Phase

scholarly journals Fine-grain parallelism with minimal hardware support: a compiler-controlled threaded abstract machine

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
David E. Culler ◽  
Anurag Sah ◽  
Klaus E. Schauser ◽  
Thorsten von Eicken ◽  
John Wawrzynek
Keyword(s):  
Hardware Support ◽  
Abstract Machine ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Minimal Hardware
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