scholarly journals Treatment Duration With Steroid Monotherapy in Dogs With Steroid Responsive Meningitis-Arteritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard William Lawn
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Clinical Resolution ◽  
Disease Free

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In dogs suspected of having steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), how long should immunosuppressive monotherapy with steroids be undertaken in order to achieve clinical resolution without relapse of clinical signs?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>Based on the currently available literature, steroid treatment using the protocol outlined in Lowrie et al. (2009) at a gradually tapering dose over a course of 6 months, appeared to lead to clinical remission in all cases, with a disease free post treatment interval of at least 6 months. However, further research is needed as there are currently three published papers with a low number of cases, so a definitive time course cannot be suggested until stronger evidence is available.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Is Topical or Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy More Effective for the Treatment of Feline Acne With Secondary Bacterial Infection?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Kwok ◽  
Kate Charlotte Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Secondary Bacterial Infection

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In cats with feline acne and secondary bacterial folliculitis or furunculosis, is topical or systemic antimicrobial therapy superior for reducing time to resolution and severity of clinical signs?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>There is no sufficient evidence to compare topical versus systemic treatment in feline acne with secondary folliculitis/furunculosis.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals In an Adult Horse With Severe Asthma (Previously Recurrent Airway Obstruction) Does Using Inhaled Corticosteroids Result in an Equal Improvement in Clinical Signs When Compared to Systemic Corticosteroids?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha A Jocelyn
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Recurrent Airway Obstruction ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Equine Asthma

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In an adult horse with severe asthma (previously recurrent airway obstruction (RAO)) does using inhaled corticosteroids result in an equal improvement in clinical signs when compared to systemic corticosteroids?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>The level of confidence in the outcomes from the body of evidence in the 4 papers identified is high. This suggests inhaled corticosteroids (fluticasone and beclomethasone) when used at an appropriate dose can have equivalent effects on severe equine asthma as systemic intravenous dexamethasone. Inhaled corticosteroids can take longer to have the desired effects. </p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Can Iodine-restricted Diets Normalise Serum Total Thyroxine (TT4) and Subsequently Improve Clinical Signs in Cats With Hyperthyroidism?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Gilman
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Total Thyroxine

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In cats with hyperthyroidism, does an iodine-restricted diet normalise the serum TT4 (total thyroxine) levels and reduce the severity of the clinical signs when compared to cats on a normal diet?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>Whilst there is some evidence that iodine-restricted diets can help to renormalise serum TT4 in cats with hyperthyroidism, this is not always effective and there is a lack of compelling evidence to suggest this is associated with a resolution of clinical signs in the long-term.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Choosing Treatment for Dogs With Generalised Demodicosis – Isoxazolines or Imidacloprid and Moxidectin?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Long
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Generalised Demodicosis

<p><strong>PICO question</strong></p><p>In dogs with generalised demodicosis, are isoxazolines as effective as a combined formulation of imidacloprid and moxidectin at reducing mite count and the severity of associated clinical signs?</p><p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong></p><p>Five single-blinded, randomised, positive control trials, most under laboratory conditions, directly compared the use of isoxazolines against moxidectin/imidacloprid to treat canine generalised demodicosis. All of them showed comparable efficacy of isoxazolines. Three different isoxazolines were studied with two routes of administration (oral and topical) and four different dosing frequencies of moxidectin/imidacloprid. This made the papers more challenging to compare however, the evidence provided is sufficient to support their use. All of these trials were sponsored by the manufacturers of their respective isoxazoline products which may bias the study design and reporting of results. It is worth noting that sarolaner (Simparica™, Zoetis UK) was licensed in the UK for the treatment of canine demodicosis in January 2018 and that in the UK the Cascade should be followed when prescribing treatments. The licensed use of isoxazolines in other countries is beyond the scope of this article and the reader is urged to check local regulatory body advice before prescribing the below medications.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Does Adding Transdermal Nitroglycerine to Other Therapies Used for Management of Left-sided Congestive Heart Failure in Dogs Speed the Resolution of Clinical Signs?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenefer R Stillion ◽  
Søren R Boysen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Bottom Line

<p><strong><strong>There is an erratum to this paper published in <em>Veterinary Evidence</em> Vol 3, Issue 1 (2018): <a id="pub-id::doi" href="/index.php/ve/article/view/168/220" target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.18849/ve.v3i1.168</a></strong></strong></p><p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong></p><p>There is very weak veterinary clinical and experimental evidence based upon a limited number of studies to indicate that adding transdermal nitroglycerine to other therapies used for management of left-sided congestive heart failure in dogs speeds the resolution of clinical signs.</p><p> </p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Can Cytosine Arabinoside With Prednisolone Treatment for Canine Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin Increase Survival Time Compared to Prednisolone Treatment Alone?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Stefan Francis Kozlowski Hoey ◽  
Christina Maunder
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Prednisolone Treatment ◽  
Increase Survival Time

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In treatment of canine patients with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO), is combination therapy of cytosine arabinoside (CA) with prednisolone more effective than prednisolone as a sole therapy at increasing survival time?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>Based on current available evidence, cytosine arabinoside with prednisolone has greater median survival time than prednisolone as a sole therapy in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin. The evidence to support this is very weak, as there are currently a low number of published papers with a relatively small number of cases reported in these studies evaluating cytosine arabinoside with prednisolone or prednisolone as a sole therapy for treatment of meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.</p><p> </p><img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Preliminary Toxicological Studies On 0, 0-diethyl, 0(2-isopropyl -6. Methyl - 4, Pyrimidinyl) Phosphorothioate (Diazinon) In Balami Sheep.

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
P. A. Onyeyili ◽  
F. A. Ameh ◽  
B. S. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Cholinesterase Activity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Observable Effect ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Toxicity studies of 0,0-diethyl-0-(2- isoprophyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate (DiazinonR) was carried out in the Balami breed of sheep. The agent was administered orally daily for one week at the rate of 20, 25 and 30mg/kg body weight to groups of sheep. The 30mg/kg dose produced transient clinical signs in the sheep. Diazinon inhibited plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase activity. The intensity of the inhibition was more with 30mg/kg dose and occurred as from day 3 and lasted till the end of the investigation 7 days post treatment. Leucocytosis was also observed with the 30mg/kg dose. There was no observable effect of the chemical on the RBC, Hb, and PCV values in sheep at the dosages used.

scholarly journals Thrombolytic Therapy in the Acute Period of Aortic Thromboembolism in Cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Billy Hannabuss
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Thrombolytic Therapy ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Adverse Side Effects

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>Of cats that present with aortic thromboembolism, do patients that receive thrombolytic therapy in the acute phase have improved survival as compared to those who do not?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>Based on the current available evidence, the use of thrombolytic therapy in the acute phase of aortic thromboembolism (ATE) does not appear to improve survival when compared to conventional supportive therapy. Frequently reported adverse side effects further questions its merits, and large scale controlled clinical trials would be required to further evaluate any benefit in the use of this therapy.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Ferritin is associated with the severity of lung involvement but not with worse prognosis in patients with COVID-19: data from two Italian COVID-19 Units.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Carubbi ◽  
Lia Salvati ◽  
Alessia Alunno ◽  
Fabio Maggi ◽  
Erika Borghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender

Abstract The coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is characterised by a heterogeneous clinical presentation, a complex pathophysiology and a wide range of imaging findings, depending on disease severity and time course. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of hospitalized patients with proven SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical signs of COVID-19 and computed tomography (CT) scan-proven pulmonary involvement, in order to identify relationships between clinical, serological, imaging data and disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Clinical and serological records of patients admitted to two COVID-19 Units of the Abruzzo region in Italy with proven SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary involvement investigated with CT scan, assessed at the time of admission to the hospital, were retrospectively evaluated.Sixty-one patients (22 females and 39 males) of median age 65 years were enrolled. Fifty-six patients were discharged while death occurred in 5 patients. None of the lung abnormalities detected by CT was different between discharged and deceased patients. No differences were observed in the features and extent of pulmonary involvement according to age and gender. Logistic regression analysis with age and gender as covariates demonstrated that ferritin levels over the 25th percentile were associated with the involvement of all 5 pulmonary lobes (OR=14.5, 95% CI=2.3-90.9, p=0.004), the presence of septal thickening (OR=8.2, 95% CI=1.6-40.9, p=0.011) and the presence of mediastinal lymph node enlargement (OR=12.0, 95% CI=1.1-127.5, p=0.039) independently of age and gender.We demonstrated that ferritin levels over the 25th percentile are associated with a more severe pulmonary involvement, independently of age and gender and not associated with disease outcomes. The identification of reliable biomarkers in patients with COVID-19 may help guiding clinical decision, tailoring therapeutic approaches and ultimately improving the care and prognosis of patients with this disease.

scholarly journals An Open-Access Platform for Translating Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Disease Genetics Into Accessible Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A406-A406
Author(s):  
Maria Costanzo ◽  
Kenneth Bruskiewicz ◽  
Lizz Caulkins ◽  
Marc Duby ◽  
Clint Gilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Functional Genomic ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Effector Genes

Abstract Most associations from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) result from as-yet-unknown alterations of molecular or cellular function; the causal variants and effector genes responsible for them, and the tissues and pathways through which they act, remain largely unknown. Thousands of associated loci have now been identified for each common disease and its related traits. In order to translate GWAS data into biological knowledge, they must be integrated with functional genomic annotations reflecting tissue-specific regulation and with the results of bioinformatic methods that predict the functional effects of associations. However, these data types are typically spread across disparate resources, and working with them requires bioinformatic expertise. To make these results accessible and understandable to the broader diabetes and cardiometabolic disease research communities, we have developed the open-access Common Metabolic Diseases Knowledge Portal (CMDKP; cmdkp.org), which brings together a robust software and data storage platform with a streamlined and intuitive user interface for four disease areas: diabetes (both types 1 and 2); cardiovascular disease; cerebrovascular disease; and sleep and circadian disorders. The CMDKP enables researchers to access and explore a comprehensive matrix of genetic, genomic, and computational results. It includes 3 classes of genomic data: 1) GWAS summary statistics from the most current and authoritative datasets available, as identified by disease-area experts; 2) functional genomic annotations, such as chromatin accessibility, that reflect the tissue-specific regulatory potential of genomic regions; and 3) the results of bioinformatic methods applied to these aggregated data (for example, overlap-aware meta-analysis to determine “bottom-line” p-values, the GREGOR method for determining tissue-specific enrichment of genetic associations, the MAGMA method for generating gene-level association scores, and more). All of these data types are integrated and accessible via interactive tools that allow researchers to explore and evaluate the data in order to identify candidate disease effector genes for further research. The CMDKP provides researchers with the data and tools necessary to translate genetic associations and functional annotations into knowledge about disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

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