scholarly journals In Dogs Bitten by the European Adder (Vipera Berus), Do Corticosteroids and Supportive Treatment Improve Clinical Outcome Compared to Supportive Treatment Alone?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Harjen
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Vipera Berus ◽  
Strength Of Evidence ◽  
Prophylactic Administration ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome

<p><strong>PICO question</strong></p><p>In dogs bitten by the European adder (<em>Vipera berus</em>), do corticosteroids and supportive treatment improve clinical outcome compared to supportive treatment alone?</p><p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong></p><ul><li>There is currently insufficient strength of evidence to either support or reject the use of glucocorticoids in dogs bitten by the European adder (<em>Vipera berus</em>) and further controlled trials are needed to fully answer this question.</li><li>Glucocorticoids may be indicated in cases of adverse reaction to antivenom treatment although there is not enough evidence to conclude whether there is a benefit to prophylactic administration prior to antivenom treatment.</li></ul><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Does UK licensed NSAID administration reduce signs of postoperative pain in calves castrated without local anaesthesia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Strength Of Evidence ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Dosage Administration

PICO question In calves undergoing castration without local or general anaesthesia, do non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) licensed for use in cattle in the UK administered either before, during or after the procedure reduce signs of postoperative pain?   Clinical bottom line Category of research question Treatment The number and type of study designs reviewed Twenty studies were critically appraised. All were controlled trials, of which 17 were randomised. Only NSAIDs licensed for use in cattle in the UK were included in the search strategy and in appraised papers Strength of evidence Moderate Outcomes reported Five studies reported an improvement in both physiological and behavioural indicators of postcastration pain following NSAID administration and a further eight reported improvements in either physiological or behavioural parameters. Seven studies found no improvements in pain indicators Conclusion There is moderate evidence to suggest that NSAID administration before, during or after castration is able to reduce the signs of postoperative pain in calves castrated without anaesthesia. The degree to which pain is reduced is variable and depends upon factors including but not limited to castration method, specific NSAID given, dosage, administration and calf age  

scholarly journals In Solitary Rabbits, Does the Presence or Absence of a Mirror Affect Stress, Fear and Anxiety?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Schofield
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Insight Into

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In solitary rabbits, does the presence or absence of a mirror affect stress, fear and anxiety?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>Four studies were reviewed in this knowledge summary. Despite the small number of papers available, the controlled trials and their methodologies provide strong evidence that the behavior of solitary laboratory rabbits is affected by the presence or absence of mirrors. This evidence also indicates an effect on their welfare.</p><p>The studies suggest that the presence of mirrors provides environmental enrichment and have a positive effect on the subjects health and welfare. However, it is also suggested that mirrors may have some detrimental physical and psychological effects for some individuals. There are also many gaps in the available research and these need to be addressed to give better insight into the effect of mirrors on rabbits.</p><p>Because of the current level of knowledge, clinical recommendations cannot be made at present on the use of mirrors in solitary rabbits to improve their veterinary care whilst hospitalised.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Continuous digital hypothermia in the prevention and treatment of acute equine laminitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Pickering ◽  
Joanne Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Retrospective Case Series

PICO question Does continuous digital hypothermia improve clinical outcome in equids with acute laminitis compared to supportive treatment alone?   Clinical bottom line Category of research question Treatment The number and type of study designs reviewed Six experimental randomised controlled trials and one multicentre retrospective case series were reviewed Strength of evidence Moderate Outcomes reported The outcomes reported were reduced severity of histopathological lamellar lesions in limbs treated with continuous digital hypothermia (CDH; initiated prior to or soon after the onset of experimentally induced acute laminitis) compared to limbs remaining at an ambient temperature in all five experimental studies where histology was performed. A significant reduction was observed in the prevalence or severity of clinical signs of laminitis in limbs treated with CDH compared to limbs remaining at an ambient temperature. In a single retrospective case series, significantly reduced prevalence of clinical laminitis was reported amongst animals receiving CDH compared to those that did not in a referral hospital population of animals treated for colitis Conclusion There is moderate evidence to support that CDH when used prior to or in the early stages of clinical signs, may reduce the severity and progression of lamellar lesions in acute laminitis and no evidence demonstrating that it improves clinical outcome compared to supportive treatment alone. Further research into the clinical outcome of equids treated for acute laminitis using CDH is warranted   How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.  

Quality of Life of Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia Treated with Clozapine and Risperidone

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Milosavljevic ◽  
D. Lecic-Tosevski ◽  
I. Perunicic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Social Recovery ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome

Background:Quality of life (QoL) is considered an important outcome in the treatment of schizophrenia and is linked with clinical and social recovery. Until recently treatments of schizophrenia have focused mainly on reducing positive symptoms, often leaving patients with numerous residual difficulties. It's been expected that atypical antipsychotics improve QoL equally as they improve clinical outcome of the patients with schizophrenia.Objectives:To compare clinical improvement and QoL of patients treated with risperidone and clozapine two months after the beginning of treatment.Methods:The sample included 40 patients (17 males and 23 females, mean age 33.1) with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to ICD-X. the patients were treated with either risperidone (n=20) or clozapine (n=20). the PANSS and CGI scales for clinical status were applied at the beginning of the treatment and two months later. the QoL was assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF.Results:Analysis of data has shown a significant difference for all four domains (physical, psychological, social relationships and environment) at WHOQOL-BREF scale for both medications after two months, but no difference between the two antipsychotics. the patients treated with clozapine had significantly higher scores on PANSS at the beginning of treatment. PANSS and CGI applied after two months have not shown differences between the medications.Conclusion:Both clozapine and risperidone had equal and statistically significant effect in reducing the symptoms of schizophrenia measured by PANSS and CGI in two months period, as well as in improving the quality of life. However no difference was found between the two medications.

Tailoring Antiplatelet Therapy: A Step Toward Individualized Therapy to Improve Clinical Outcome?

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (33) ◽  
pp. 5392-5401
Author(s):  
Marc Laine ◽  
Laurence Camoin-Jau ◽  
Jacques Bessereau ◽  
Armero Sebastien ◽  
Franck Paganelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Individualized Therapy ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome

scholarly journals Can Cytosine Arabinoside With Prednisolone Treatment for Canine Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin Increase Survival Time Compared to Prednisolone Treatment Alone?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Stefan Francis Kozlowski Hoey ◽  
Christina Maunder
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Prednisolone Treatment ◽  
Increase Survival Time

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In treatment of canine patients with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO), is combination therapy of cytosine arabinoside (CA) with prednisolone more effective than prednisolone as a sole therapy at increasing survival time?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>Based on current available evidence, cytosine arabinoside with prednisolone has greater median survival time than prednisolone as a sole therapy in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin. The evidence to support this is very weak, as there are currently a low number of published papers with a relatively small number of cases reported in these studies evaluating cytosine arabinoside with prednisolone or prednisolone as a sole therapy for treatment of meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.</p><p> </p><img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Is Topical or Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy More Effective for the Treatment of Feline Acne With Secondary Bacterial Infection?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Kwok ◽  
Kate Charlotte Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Secondary Bacterial Infection

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>In cats with feline acne and secondary bacterial folliculitis or furunculosis, is topical or systemic antimicrobial therapy superior for reducing time to resolution and severity of clinical signs?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>There is no sufficient evidence to compare topical versus systemic treatment in feline acne with secondary folliculitis/furunculosis.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Thrombolytic Therapy in the Acute Period of Aortic Thromboembolism in Cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Billy Hannabuss
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Thrombolytic Therapy ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Adverse Side Effects

<strong>PICO question</strong><br /><p>Of cats that present with aortic thromboembolism, do patients that receive thrombolytic therapy in the acute phase have improved survival as compared to those who do not?</p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><br /><p>Based on the current available evidence, the use of thrombolytic therapy in the acute phase of aortic thromboembolism (ATE) does not appear to improve survival when compared to conventional supportive therapy. Frequently reported adverse side effects further questions its merits, and large scale controlled clinical trials would be required to further evaluate any benefit in the use of this therapy.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

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