Macro and micro-mineral profile of feeds, fodders and blood of livestock under farm condition in Mathura district of India

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Prasad Gupta ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Debashis Roy ◽  
Muneendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Cu And Zn

This study was conducted to find out the macro and micro-mineral profile of different feedstuffs and blood mineral profile of bovines in different physiological stages under farm condition in Mathura. Mineral analysis of feeds showed deficiency of Ca, P, Cu and Zn in wheat straw and Na in berseem. The cereal grains were deficient in Ca, Na, Cu and Mn. Maize and sorghum fodders were deficient in Na and Mn content than recommended critical level. Wheat straw, wheat grain, barley grain and mustered cake were deficient in Cu and all feeds contained excess of Fe. Plasma levels of macro (Ca, P and Na) and trace (Fe, Zn, Mn) minerals were above the recommended critical level except Cu. So it may be concluded that supplementation of Cu in the diet of farm animals containing high Fe feed ingredients is important for proper growth and production.

scholarly journals Micro Mineral Profile Of Cattle In Four Selected Areas Of Mymensingh District

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
M Shahjalal ◽  
ABM Khaleduzzaman ◽  
ZH Khandaker
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Land Types ◽  
Cu And Zn

The experiment was undertaken with a view to investigate the micro mineral profile of feed and cattle at four agro-ecological zones (Haluaghat, Nandail, Trishal and Karimgonj upazila) in Mymensingh district. The differences (P>0.05) of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in rice straw, road side grass and fallow land grasses for different land type were not found. The average mineral concentration (ppm) of straw was 6.12, 24.93, 291.3, and 224.9 for Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn respectively. The values for Fe and Mn contents were higher and Cu and Zn contents were lower than the critical value. Both the road side and fallow land grasses contained adequate amount of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn. The Cu and Zn content of blood serum did not vary significantly (P>0.05) among the cattle of four different land types. Based on 0.65 ppm serum Cu as critical level indicated a higher percentage of samples were below the critical level. Besides, increased incidence of Zn deficiency in medium high land (42%) and very low land (35%) was observed. All samples analyzed 66% were deficient in Cu content and 23% cattle were deficient in Zn. Land type differences (P<0.05) were found for blood serum Fe and Mn. The average Fe concentration in very low land gave significantly (P<0.05) higher value than that of high, medium high and low land. Serum Fe and Mn concentrations of all samples were above the critical level of 1.0 ppm and 20 μg/ml respectively and the animals were not deficient in Fe and Mn. The liver Cu concentration was similar (P>0.05) in four different regions. The overall incidence of liver samples deficient in Cu was 53% for all land types. No significant (P>0.05) difference in liver Zn concentration was recorded among the samples collected from different land types and none of cattle liver samples was deficient in Zn as well as Fe and Mn concentration. From the results of the present study, it is evident that low concentration of Cu and Zn in rice straw reflected in the blood samples of the animals suggesting the need of extra supplementation of these two elements to the cattle feed of Mymensingh district. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i1.9867 BJAS 2008; 37(1): 44-52

scholarly journals 72 Estimating the supply and movement of feed for beef production in Alberta, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 46-46
Author(s):  
Genet Mengistu ◽  
Marcos Cordeiro ◽  
Getahun Legesse ◽  
Sarah Pogue ◽  
Amanda Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Environmental Footprints ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Statistics Canada

Abstract This study estimated movement of feed between regions of Alberta to meet the needs of the beef sector in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016, and included barley and wheat grain, grass hay and grass-legume hay, which can be cost-effectively transported. Feed demands of beef and other livestock (i.e., dairy cattle, chickens, pigs, sheep, bison, horses, turkeys and other poultry) were estimated using county-level inventories from Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development and Statistics Canada, and aggregated to 7 land-use regions: Lower Athabasca, Upper Athabasca, Lower Peace, Upper Peace, North Saskatchewan, Red Deer and South Saskatchewan. Feed requirements were sourced from literature and expert opinion pertinent to Canadian context, and feed demand estimated using annualized feeding days and dry matter (DM) intake. Feed available for beef production was estimated from crop yields minus other livestock feed use. Average feed demand for beef production across Alberta was (tons of DM) 2.71 M, 0.68 M, 2.21 M, and 1.95 M for barley and wheat grain, grass hay, and grass-legume hay, respectively. North Saskatchewan, Red Deer and South Saskatchewan accounted for 90% of the total demand for barley and wheat grain and 81% of grass hay and grass-legume hay. South Saskatchewan had the largest feed deficit and required feed movement in all years. Across years, barley grain deficits ranged from -94% to -31%, grass hay deficit from -142% to a surplus of 1.6% and grass-legume hay deficits from -167% to -15%. Unmet deficits at provincial level occurred for barley grain (2006), grass hay (2001) and grass-legume hay (2001, 2006). Wheat was surplus in all years, ranging from 17% to 90%. Feed movement is critical to support beef production in Alberta, and is highly variable depending on crop yield in different regions. This analysis enables the beef industry to assess provincial feed sourcing and environmental footprints.

Effects of cottonseed meal and cereal grain supplements on intake and utilisation of alkali-treated wheat straw by cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
JC Spragg ◽  
RC Kellaway ◽  
TJ Kempton
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Ad Libitum

Effects of cottonseed meal and cereal grain supplements on intake and utilisation of alkali-treated wheat straw were studied with 45 Friesian heifers (250 kg liveweight) in individual pens. Responses were measured in terms of feed intake and growth rate over 60 days. The basal diet fed ad libitum was coarsely milled wheat straw which was alkali-treated, sprayed with a solution containing urea, sulfur, copper and cobalt and sprinkled with dicalcium phosphate. Animals were also fed 800 g/day of 1 of 5 supplements: cottonseed meal (CSM), whole barley (WB), cracked barley (CB), ammonia-treated whole barley (NB) and extruded barley (EB). Intakes of the basal diet did not differ significantly between groups. Digestible organic matter in dry matter (%) was 53.1, 51.7, 47.2, 47.7, and 48.7 with supplements CSM, CB, WB, NB and EB, respectively; values for CSM and CB were significantly higher than for the other supplements (P< 0.05). Liveweight gains were 891,761,639, 657 and 784 g/day with the respective supplements, and did not differ significantly between CSM, CB and EB. We concluded that CSM did not stimulate intake of roughage more than supplements of barley grain, and that growth of the cattle was limited primarily by intake of energy.

Lectins as Cytochemical Probes of the Developing Wheat Grain. IV. Demonstration of Mucilage Containing L-Fucose Associated With Roots in Ungerminated Grain

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Baldo ◽  
AL Reid ◽  
PA Boniface
Keyword(s):  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Root Cap ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Ulex Europaeus

Fluorescein-labelled lectins from Ulex europaeus and Lotus tetragonolobus, each with a specific binding affinity for L-fucose, reacted with carbohydrate material in the root cap and surrounding the roots in the embryos of developing wheat grains. The reactions were completely inhibited by preincubation of the lectins with L-fucose and were observed throughout development of the grain from 6 days post-anthesis to physiological maturity 29 days later. These findings provide the first demonstration of the location of L-fucose in the wheat grain. Although a lectin-reactive slime or mucilage containing L-fucose has been studied by others in the roots of germinated cereal grains, particularly maize, our results demonstrate that such a mucilage already occurs around the roots prior to germination.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Behaviour, Forestomach Development and Meat Quality of Veal Calves Provided With Barley Grain or Ground Wheat Straw For Welfare Purpose

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Cozzi ◽  
Flaviana Gottardo ◽  
Franco Mutinelli ◽  
Barbara Contiero ◽  
Gianluca Fregolent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Veal Calves ◽  
Ground Wheat

Chemical composition of some feedstuffs in East Azerbaijan

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 174-174
Author(s):  
H. Janmohammady ◽  
P. Yasan ◽  
A. Taghizadeh ◽  
D J. Shoja ◽  
A. Nikkhah
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Macro Elements ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Production Area ◽  
East Azerbaijan

In Iran, East Azerbaijan province is the most important farm animal production area and alfalfa hay, barley grain, wheat straw are the most common ingredients of animal rations. Organic matter and minerals content of forages and grains can be influenced markedly by climate, soil and fertilizer treatment, growth stage and agronomic factors in a given area. Therefore, it is necessary that the chemical composition of forages and grains, which are produced under climate and agronomic condition of Azerbaijan, for using in formulating balance rations, were determined. The objectives of present study were to determine chemical composition and some macro elements of alfalfa hay, barley grain and wheat straw in Azerbijan.

scholarly journals BARLEY PRODUCTIVITY DEPENDING ON NUTRITION BACKGROUND AND SEEDING RATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Иван Таланов ◽  
Ivan Talanov ◽  
Лилия Каримова ◽  
Liliya Karimova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Feed

Barley is cultivated for food, technical and feed purposes. Barley grain is used for barley flour, pearl barley and a number of products, from which are prepared for our nutrition. In addition, it is used for the preparation of coffee substitutes, in the alcohol and brewing industries, has high feed qualities and is widely used as a concentrated feed for all types of farm animals, especially pigs. The results of studies showed that the dynamics of plant density and root rot damage were more influenced by planting rates, less than the estimated dose of fertilizers. The best nutritional regime and the maximum barley productivity (4.06 tons per hectare) with good grain quality indicators were obtained against the calculated nutritional background (4.0 tons per hectare) with a sowing rate of 5 mln. germinating seeds per 1 ha. The two-factor field experience with serial distribution of plots was laid on leached chernozem in LLC AF “Zay” of Zainsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2013-2015. The purpose of the research was to study the biological characteristics of the variety and soil and climatic conditions for yield and quality indicators of barley grain. The objectives of our research were: to determine the effect of the seeding rate on the density of the stalk, damage to plants by root rot, the dynamics of plant nutrients, weediness of crops, yield and quality of barley grain. In the course of our studies, we found that the minimum value of barley grain quality indicators was observed against the background without fertilizers when sowing 5.5 million units per hectare: nature was 620 g/l, filmy 9.4%, germination 96.8%, the protein content of 11.9% and the extractivity of 77.0%, the maximum against this background was observed when sowing 4.0 million units per hectare. The barley grain quality indicators, grown against a calculated nutritional background, may well correspond to the brewing industry. The formation dynamics of plant densities and affection with their root rot had a greater influence on planting rates, and less calculated doses of fertilizers.

Development of feedingstuffs evaluation systems in iran

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 155-155
Author(s):  
Y Rouzbehan ◽  
Y Chashnidel ◽  
A Nik-khah
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Industrialised Countries

In order to increase the animal production such as meat, milk and wool, it is vital to relate information on the nutritional characteristics of feed available with the requirements for nutrients according to the purpose and rate of productivity of the animals in question. In the industrialised countries, this information has been incorporated in tables of “Feeding Standards” which interpret chemical analyses of feed resources in terms of their capacity to supply the energy, protein, vitamins and minerals required for the particular productive purpose. However, in Iran,due to the lack of such tables, researchers have had no alternative but to use the mentioned “Feeding Standards” tables for their research work. This had led to little improvement in animal production in Iran since the tables mentioned have been made to meet the Industrialised countries conditions such as resources and environment. Additionally, in Iran where low-quality roughages are the main component of the ruminants diet, it is essential that feed evaluation systems are developed to take this into account. An example of this, although urea/ammonia treatment has been adopted in some areas, there is no up-to-dated methods to investigate by how much nutritive value is increased. Therefore, the nutritive value of some selected Iranian feedstuffs, barley grain (BG), alfalfa (AA), wheat straw (WS), ammoniated wheat straw (TWS) was assessed by chemical analysis, digestion and degradation studies.

Influence of some digestive processes on the digestion by cattle of cereal grain fed whole

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (90) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Toland
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hard Wheat ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Size Index

Pen studies were conducted with cattle in which the digestibility, rate of fermentation, site of digestion and grain loss in faeces were measured in diets comprising 4.8 kg of one or other of four cereal grains together with 2.4 kg of pasture hay. The cereals were Avon oats, Swan oats, Olympic wheat and Emblem wheat with natural weights of 48.3, 60.5, 81.3 and 78.8 kg hl-1 and particle size index 24, 35, 31 and 14, respectively. The apparent in vivo digestibility of Avon and Swan oats of 71.9 and 74.6 did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). However, there was significantly less grain cracked during initial mastication (12.5 vs. 19.2 per cent and a lower percentage of grain voided in faeces (4.3 vs. 9.3) for Avon compared with Swan oats (P < 0.05). The in vivo digestibility of wheat grain was significantly higher for Olympic than for Emblem (77.5 vs. 72.6 per cent) ;these performances were accompanied by lower percentages of grain cracked during initial mastication (17.0 vs. 22.3) and less whole grain DM voided in faeces (14.6 vs. 18.4 per cent) for Olympic compared with Emblem (P < 0.05). The major difference in the digestion of oat and wheat varieties was that rumination accounted for a high proportion of the breakdown of oat grain whereas the wheat varieties were digested by rumen fermentation with only a small proportion of grains broken down by rumination. The breakdown of whole grain in rumination was important for all rations. For the light oats, heavy oats, soft wheat and hard wheat, rumination accounted for 66 per cent, 44 per cent, 27 per cent and 17 per cent of the total breakdown respectively.

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