scholarly journals Genes underlying cold acclimation in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 958-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Samarina ◽  
L. S. Malyukova ◽  
M. V. Gvasaliya ◽  
A. M. Efremov ◽  
V. I. Malyarovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

The article reviews the latest studies showing the diversity of genetic mechanisms and gene families underlying the increased cold and frost tolerance of tea and other plant species. It has been shown that cell responses to chilling (0…+15°C) and freezing (< 0°C) are not the same and gene expression under cold stress is genotype-specific. In recent decades, progress has been made in understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying the cold response of plants – ICE1 (inducer of CBF expression 1), CBF (C-repeat-binding factor), COR (cold-regulated genes) pathways and signaling have been discovered. The ICE, CBF and DHN gene groups play a key role in the cold acclimation of the tea plant. The accumulation of CBF transcripts occurs after 15 min of chilling induction, and longer cold stress leads to accumulation of CBF transcripts. It is shown that the transcripts of the CsDHN1, CsDHN2 and CsDHN3 genes accumulate at a higher level in resistant genotypes of tea in comparison with susceptible cultivars during freezing. CBF-independent pathways include genes involved in metabolism and transcription factors such as HSFC1, ZAT12, CZF1, PLD (phospholipase D), WRKY, HD-Zip, CsLEA, LOX, NAC, HSP, which are widely distributed in plants and are involved in the basic mechanisms of tea resistance to cold and frost. The most recent studies show an important role of miRNA in the mechanisms of response to chilling and freezing in tea. The data obtained on different plant species may correlate with the mechanisms of frost tolerance of tea and are the basis for future studies of the signaling pathways of response to cold in the tea plant. The results of the research emphasize the need to further explore the ways in which various genes regulate the tolerance of tea to cold stress to find the molecular markers of frost tolerance.

scholarly journals Components of the Arabidopsis C-Repeat/Dehydration-Responsive Element Binding Factor Cold-Response Pathway Are Conserved inBrassica napus and Other Plant Species

2001 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 910-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten R. Jaglo ◽  
Susanne Kleff ◽  
Keenan L. Amundsen ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Volker Haake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Responsive Element

scholarly journals Systems biology of resurrection plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsanko Gechev ◽  
Rafe Lyall ◽  
Veselin Petrov ◽  
Dorothea Bartels
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Resurrection Plants ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Tolerant Plants ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

AbstractPlant species that exhibit vegetative desiccation tolerance can survive extreme desiccation for months and resume normal physiological activities upon re-watering. Here we survey the recent knowledge gathered from the sequenced genomes of angiosperm and non-angiosperm desiccation-tolerant plants (resurrection plants) and highlight some distinct genes and gene families that are central to the desiccation response. Furthermore, we review the vast amount of data accumulated from analyses of transcriptomes and metabolomes of resurrection species exposed to desiccation and subsequent rehydration, which allows us to build a systems biology view on the molecular and genetic mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in plants.

scholarly journals Cold Acclimation Responses of Three Cool-season Turfgrasses and the Role of Proline-associated Pentose Phosphate Pathway

2009 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipayan Sarkar ◽  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Kalidas Shetty ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Pentose Phosphate Pathway ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Acclimation Period

The role of the antioxidant response system in association with the proline-associated pentose phosphate pathway for cold adaptation was investigated in three cool-season turfgrasses during a cold acclimation period. As phenolic biosynthesis and antioxidant stimulation is proposed to be linked to the proline-associated pentose phosphate pathway, this study was aimed to determine the active role of proline in metabolic regulation and its relationship with the cold stress tolerance mechanism of cool-season turfgrasses. In this study, significant accumulation of total soluble phenolics and higher total antioxidant activity was observed in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) during cold acclimation, confirming the direct and indirect role of phenolics to counter low temperature-induced oxidative stress. A positive correlation between high phenolic content and the proline-associated pentose phosphate pathway was also found in investigated turfgrass species during a cold acclimation period. Low succinate dehydrogenase activity along with the high glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in cold-acclimated turfgrass species suggested a probable shift of carbon flux from the energy-consuming tricarboxylic cycle to the alternative energy-efficient proline-associated pentose phosphate pathway to induce a better cold stress tolerance mechanism in these cool-season turfgrasses. Higher proline accumulation in cold-acclimated turfgrass species also supported the above findings and a probable proline oxidation to support mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was observed in acclimated kentucky bluegrass based on the activity of proline dehydrogenase, which likely supports the active metabolic role of proline in stress-induced situations. Through this study, a significant variation in cold stress tolerance mechanisms was observed among three investigated cool-season turfgrass species during cold acclimation. Furthermore, a high cold stress tolerance characteristic was observed in kentucky bluegrass by adapting a more efficient pathway for an antioxidant response linked to proline accumulation.

Catecholamines and cold thermogenesis in sheep

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. F. Webster ◽  
J. H. Heitman ◽  
F. L. Hays ◽  
G. P. Olynyk
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Adult Sheep ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline

Experiments were performed to assess the role of catecholamines in cold thermogenesis in warm- and cold-acclimated adult sheep. Urinary excretion of both noradrenaline and adrenaline increased in sheep exposed to cold. Propranolol (1 mg/kg) reduced cold thermogenesis in warm- and cold-acclimated sheep by 8% and 12% respectively. Noradrenaline and adrenaline infusions at 1 μg/kg min for 30 min had no significant effect on the rate of heat production of warm- or cold-acclimated sheep. Phenoxybenzamine (3.0 mg/kg) almost abolished cold thermogenesis in warm-acclimated sheep. Cold-acclimated animals treated with phenoxybenzamine were able to maintain homeothermy during severe cold stress. These findings support previous reports which suggest that catecholamines are involved in metabolic cold acclimation in the sheep, but indicate clearly that they have no direct thermogenic effect in cold-acclimated adults of this species.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide deficiency decreases C-repeat binding factor-dependent and -independent induction of cold acclimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 3283-3296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Costa-Broseta ◽  
Carlos Perea-Resa ◽  
Mari-Cruz Castillo ◽  
M Fernanda Ruíz ◽  
Julio Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
No Production ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Acclimation Response ◽  
Nitric Oxide Deficiency ◽  
Freezing Temperatures

Abstract Plant tolerance to freezing temperatures is governed by endogenous components and environmental factors. Exposure to low non-freezing temperatures is a key factor in the induction of freezing tolerance in the process called cold acclimation. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in cold acclimation was explored in Arabidopsis using triple nia1nia2noa1-2 mutants that are impaired in the nitrate-dependent and nitrate-independent pathways of NO production, and are thus NO deficient. Here, we demonstrate that cold-induced NO accumulation is required to promote the full cold acclimation response through C-repeat Binding Factor (CBF)-dependent gene expression, as well as the CBF-independent expression of other cold-responsive genes such as Oxidation-Related Zinc Finger 2 (ZF/OZF2). NO deficiency also altered abscisic acid perception and signaling and the cold-induced production of anthocyanins, which are additional factors involved in cold acclimation.

scholarly journals CBF transcription factors involved in the cold response of Camellia japonica (Naidong)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglong Fan ◽  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Qinghua Liu ◽  
Yingkun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Camellia Japonica ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Camellia Species ◽  
High Level ◽  
Supergene Family

CBFs belong to the ERF subfamily of the AP2 supergene family and often play an important role in the cold acclimation of temperate plants. However, the role of CBFs in Camellia japonica (Naidong), the only Camellia japonica population found in the temperate zones of China, remains unclear. It is very important to study the genetic composition of C. japonica (Naidong) to adapt to low temperature for Camellia species. Using full-length transcriptome data, we identified four CjCBF genes that respond to cold stress and analyzed their evolutionary relationships, domains, and expression patterns. The phylogeny of CBFs of 19 angiosperms divided the genes into three categories, and the four CjCBFs belong to a small subcluster. The strong response of CjCBF1 to cold treatment and its sustained high level of expression indicated that it plays an important role in the process of cold acclimation. A yeast two-hybrid assay revealed an interaction between CjCBF1, CjCBF2, and CjCBF5, and subcellular localization confirmed this finding. The expression of CjCBFs was tissue-specific: CBF1 was mainly expressed in leaves, and CBF3 was mainly expressed in stem. The responses of the four CjCBFs to drought and high temperature and the effect of light were also characterized. Our study provides new insight into the role of CBFs in the cold response in C. japonica (Naidong).

scholarly journals Evolution of cold acclimation in temperate grasses (Pooideae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Schubert ◽  
Lars Grønvold ◽  
Simen R. Sandve ◽  
Torgeir R. Hvidsten ◽  
Siri Fjellheim
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climate Cooling ◽  
Cool Conditions

AbstractIn the past 50 million years climate cooling has triggered the expansion of temperate biomes. During this period, many extant plant lineages in temperate biomes evolved from tropical ancestors and adapted to seasonality and cool conditions. Among the Poaceae (grass family), one of the subfamilies that successfully shifted from tropical to temperate biomes is the Pooideae (temperate grasses). Subfamily Pooideae contains the most important crops cultivated in the temperate regions including wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). Due to the need of well-adapted cultivars, extensive research has produced a large body of knowledge about the mechanisms underlying cold adaptation in cultivated Pooideae species. Especially cold acclimation, a process which increases the frost tolerance during a period of non-freezing cold, plays an important role. Because cold adaptation is largely unexplored in lineages that diverged early in the evolution of the Pooideae, little is known about the evolutionary history of cold acclimation in the Pooideae. Here we test if several species of early diverging lineages exhibit increased frost tolerance after a period of cold acclimation. We further investigate the conservation of five well-studied gene families that are known to be involved in the cold acclimation of Pooideae crop species. Our results indicate that cold acclimation exists in early diverging lineages, but that genes involved in regulation of cold acclimation are not conserved. The investigated gene families show signs of lineage-specific evolution and support the hypothesis that gene family expansion is an important mechanism in adaptive evolution.

scholarly journals Analysis of PYL Genes and Their Potential Relevance to Stress Tolerance and Berry Ripening in Grape

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 308-317
Author(s):  
Yanxia Zhao ◽  
Guimei Qi ◽  
Fengshan Ren ◽  
Yongmei Wang ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Genome Database ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Berry Ripening ◽  
Relationship Of

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an essential phytohormone that regulates plant growth and development, particularly in response to abiotic stress. The ABA receptor PYR/PYL/RCAR (PYL) family has been identified from some plant species. However, knowledge about the PYL family (VvPYLs) in grape (Vitis vinifera) is limited. This study aims to conduct genome-wide analyses of VvPYLs. We successfully identified eight PYL genes from the newest grape genome database. These VvPYLs could be divided into three subfamilies. Exon-intron structures were closely related to the phylogenetic relationship of the genes, and PYL genes that clustered in the same subfamily had a similar number of exons. VvPYL1, VvPYL2, VvPYL4, VvPYL7, and VvPYL8 were relatively highly expressed in roots. VvPYL1, VvPYL3, VvPYL7, and VvPYL8 were expressed in response to cold, salt, or polyethylene glycol stress. VvPYL6 was up-regulated by cold stress for 4 hours, and the expression of VvPYL2 was 1.74-fold greater than that of the control under cold stress. VvPYL8 was up-regulated 1.64-, 1.83-, and 1.90-fold compared with the control when treated with salt, PEG, or cold stress after 4 hours, respectively. Additionally, abiotic stress-inducible elements exist in VvPYL2, VvPYL3, VvPYL7, and VvPYL8, indicating that in these four genes, the response to abiotic stress may be regulated by cis-regulatory elements. The transcriptional levels of VvPYL1 and VvPYL8 significantly increased from fruit set to the ripening stage and decreased in the berry when treated by exogenous ABA. The eight VvPYL genes have diverse roles in grape stress responses, berry ripening, or development. This work provides insight into the role of VvPYL gene families in response to abiotic stress and berry ripening in grape.

scholarly journals Co-regulation role of endogenous hormones and transcriptomics profiling under cold stress in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Peng ◽  
Wenyu Qiu ◽  
Mingjie Li ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Hongjiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Tetrastigma Hemsleyanum ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Chilling Sensitivity ◽  
Steep Decline

Abstract Background: Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is a valuable medicinal herb, Chilling sensitivity is the dominant environmental factor limiting the artificial domestication of the plant. Hormone-related gene regulation and hormone signaling pathways in response to cold stress in T. hemsleyanum remain unknown. Results: Some key genes involved in hormones biosynthesis, such as ZEP and NCED genes of ABA biosynthesis, GA2ox, GA3ox, and GA20ox genes of GA biosynthesis, ACO genes of ET biosynthesis pathway were screened to be crucial in cold response. Consistently, the response of ABA and ABA/GA1+3 to cold stress was prior to that of GA1+3, ZR, ABA/IAA, and ABA/ZR. The increasing changes in ABA/GA1+3 turned to a steep decline with the extension of stress time, which might be one factor contributing to cold-sensitivity of T. hemsleyanum under prolonged stress. The cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum would be enhanced by ABA but repressed by GA3 when each phytohormone was applied alone. The ABA-mediated promotion and GA-mediated repression of cold tolerance could both be attenuated by the co-application of the two phytohormones within 6h. When the biosynthesis of endogenous ABA and GA were inhibited by FLU and PAC, respectively, the effects of GA and ABA treatment were reversed partially. Conclusions: In summary, we presented the first study of global expression patterns of hormone-regulated transcripts in T. hemsleyanum. This study suggested that GA and ABA could work antagonistically to balance the responses to cold in T. hemsleyanum. PAC, a GA biogenesis inhibitor, as well as exogenous ABA, might be potential plant growth regulators that can promote cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum. The study also provided valuable hints in revealing a new theoretical basis and potential candidate genes that govern cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis thaliana eIF4E1 and eIF(iso)4E Participate in Cold Response and Promote Translation of Some Stress-Related mRNAs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenia Salazar-Díaz ◽  
Mayra Aquino-Luna ◽  
Eloísa Hernández-Lucero ◽  
Brenda Nieto-Rivera ◽  
Marlon A. Pulido-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Gene Expression Control ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Processing Stability

Plant defense and adaptation to adverse environmental conditions rely on gene expression control, such as mRNA transcription, processing, stability, and translation. Sudden temperature changes are common in the era of global warming; thus, understanding plant acclimation responses at the molecular level becomes imperative. mRNA translation initiation regulation has a pivotal role in achieving the synthesis of the appropriate battery of proteins needed to cope with temperature stress. In this study, we analyzed the role of translation initiation factors belonging to the eIF4E family in Arabidopsis acclimation to cold temperatures and freezing tolerance. Using knockout (KO) and overexpressing mutants of AteIF4E1 or AteIF(iso)4E, we found that AteIF4E1 but not AteIF(iso)4E overexpressing lines displayed enhanced tolerance to freezing without previous acclimation at 4°C. However, KO mutant lines, eif(iso)4e-1 and eif4e1-KO, were more sensitive to the stress. Cold acclimation in wild-type plants was accompanied by increased levels of eIF4E1 and eIF(iso)4E transcript levels, polysomes (P) enrichment, and shifts of these factors from translationally non-active to active fractions. Transcripts, previously found as candidates for eIF(iso)4E or eIF4E1 selective translation, changed their distribution in both P and total RNA in the presence of cold. Some of these transcripts changed their polysomal distribution in the mutant and one eIF4E1 overexpressing line. According to this, we propose a role of eIF4E1 and eIF(iso)4E in cold acclimation and freezing tolerance by regulating the expression of stress-related genes.

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