scholarly journals Moderate-dose Regular Lifelong Alcohol Intake Changes the Intestinal Flora, Protects against Aging, and Keeps Spatial Memory in the Senescence-accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikako Shimizu ◽  
Yasuhiro Oki ◽  
Yutaka Mitani ◽  
Youichi Tsuchiya ◽  
Toshitaka Nabeshima
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Water Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Etoh Group ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mouse

Purpose: Heavy and long-term alcohol consumption increase the risk of alcohol-related diseases. Epidemiological studies show moderate drinking reduces the risk of mortality, cardiovascular diseases, and brain infarction in the J-shaped or U-shaped curve effect. However, why moderate drinkers may be healthy and non-drinkers may be ill in diverse populations remains controversial. Herein, we examined the relationship between moderate/lifelong alcohol intake and aging, especially aging-related cognitive functions in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model.  Methods: SAMP8 model (5-week-old, male, n = 36), a model of age-related cognitive deficit, were group-housed (n = 6/cage) and provided free access to water (water group, n = 18) or 1% ethanol (EtOH group, n = 18, intake started when mice were 9 weeks old). The object recognition test (ORT) and object location test (OLT) were used to evaluate cognitive functions. The intestinal flora at the age of 87 weeks was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Results:  The lifespan of the EtOH-group mice was about 4 weeks longer than that of the water-group mice. In the EtOH group, spatial recognition impairment, assessed by OLT, was observed later (age, 73 weeks) than that in the water group (age, 52 weeks). The spinal curvature and skin conditions progressed significantly slower in the EtOH group than in the water group. Moreover, diarrhea symptoms only appeared in the water group, at the age of 82 weeks. The T-RFLP analysis of the intestinal flora indicated higher Lactobacillales order and lower Clostridium cluster XI in the EtOH group than in the water group, although those were extremely high in some mice close to death in both groups. Water-group mice with diarrhea presented significantly higher Clostridium cluster XI than did those without diarrhea (P = 0.017). Conclusion:  Moderate alcohol intake changes intestinal flora and positively affects aging of SAMP8 model.

scholarly journals Age-Related Alterations in the Expression of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Brain

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Miyazaki ◽  
Yasunobu Okuma ◽  
Jun Nomura ◽  
Kazuo Nagashima ◽  
Yasuyuki Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mouse

Age-related changes in the brain transfer of blood-borne horseradish peroxidase in the hippocampus of senescence-accelerated mouse

1997 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ueno ◽  
Ichiro Akiguchi ◽  
Masanori Hosokawa ◽  
Masahiko Shinnou ◽  
Haruhiko Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mouse ◽  
Age Related Changes

Vztah mezi presbyakuzí a poruchou kognitivních funkcí ve stáří PDF uzamčeno English info

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Jakub Fuksa ◽  
Milan Profant ◽  
Martin Chovanec ◽  
Josef Syka
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Keywords Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk

Age-related hearing loss, presbycusis, is one of the most frequent sensory impairments in the ageing population. It is associated with pathologies of both inner ear and the central parts of the auditory system. Intact cognitive functions are necessary for the proper processing of complex auditory information. Since the beginning of the 80s, there is an increasing amount of evidence linking presbycusis to cognitive impairment and increased risk of dementia. The exact cause, which connects these two pathologies, is still unknown, although there are several hypotheses with various levels of evidence available. This review aims to describe the role of cognitive functions in the auditory processing, to summarize published evidence for a relationship between the hearing loss and cognitive impairment with a possible mechanism, which would explain this link. In addition, we discuss specific features of cognitive assessment in a person with hearing loss and describe the effect of hearing loss treatment, e. g. with hearing aids, cochlear implant and cognitive-hearing training on cognitive functions. Keywords: dementia – hearing loss – presbycusis – cognitive decline

scholarly journals Establishing links between alcohol intake, cognitive functions and type 2 diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 811-817
Author(s):  
Cristina Toarba ◽  
Simona Hogas ◽  
Adrian Covic ◽  
Manuela Padurariu ◽  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Higher Doses

In the present report, we studied the associations that might exist between alcohol consumption, cognitive functions and diabetic pathology in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The alcohol intake of 219 patients diagnosed with diabetes was classified into 6 groups: nondrinkers, 0.1-9.9, 10.0-14.9, 15.0-29.9, 30.0-49.9 and ? 50.0, according to the total amount (grams/day) of alcohol consumption. Our results mainly confirm that moderate alcohol consumption can reduce some of the neuropathological aspects of T2D, as demonstrated by the decrease in glycemic levels in patients that consumed higher levels of alcohol (30.0-49.9 g/day), when compared to non-drinkers (p=0.04) or groups in which individuals consumed 0.1-9.9 g/day (p=0.01) and 10.0-14.9 g/day (p=0.02). Regarding the results of cognitive testing, we noticed a significant increase in the values of the MMSE score a lower dose of alcohol intake (0.1-9.9 g/day) was compared with higher doses: 30.0-49.9 g/day (p=0.008) and ? 50.0 g/day (p=0.047).

scholarly journals Age differentiation within grey matter, white matter and between memory and white matter in an adult lifespan cohort

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne M. M. de Mooij ◽  
Richard N. A. Henson ◽  
Lourens J. Waldorp ◽  
Cam-CAN ◽  
Rogier A. Kievit
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Age Related

AbstractIt is well-established that brain structures and cognitive functions change across the lifespan. A longstanding hypothesis called age differentiation additionally posits that the relations between cognitive functions also change with age. To date however, evidence for age-related differentiation is mixed, and no study has examined differentiation of the relationship between brain and cognition. Here we use multi-group Structural Equation Modeling and SEM Trees to study differences within and between brain and cognition across the adult lifespan (18-88 years) in a large (N>646, closely matched across sexes), population-derived sample of healthy human adults from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (www.cam-can.org). After factor analyses of grey-matter volume (from T1- and T2-weighted MRI) and white-matter organisation (fractional anisotropy from Diffusion-weighted MRI), we found evidence for differentiation of grey and white matter, such that the covariance between brain factors decreased with age. However, we found no evidence for age differentiation between fluid intelligence, language and memory, suggesting a relatively stable covariance pattern between cognitive factors. Finally, we observed a specific pattern of age differentiation between brain and cognitive factors, such that a white matter factor, which loaded most strongly on the hippocampal cingulum, became less correlated with memory performance in later life. These patterns are compatible with reorganization of cognitive functions in the face of neural decline, and/or with the emergence of specific subpopulations in old age.Significance statementThe theory of age differentiation posits age-related changes in the relationships between cognitive domains, either weakening (differentiation) or strengthening (de-differentiation), but evidence for this hypothesis is mixed. Using age-varying covariance models in a large cross-sectional adult lifespan sample, we found age-related reductions in the covariance among both brain measures (neural differentiation), but no covariance change between cognitive factors of fluid intelligence, language and memory. We also observed evidence of uncoupling (differentiation) between a white matter factor and cognitive factors in older age, most strongly for memory. Together, our findings support age-related differentiation as a complex, multifaceted pattern that differs for brain and cognition, and discuss several mechanisms that might explain the changing relationship between brain and cognition.

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