scholarly journals Spatial Variability of Chemical Composition of Eurasian Oils

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yuri M. Polichtchouk ◽  
Irina G. Yashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Petroleum Chemistry ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Paraffin Wax ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Total Sulfur ◽  
Latitudinal Dependence ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The study of relationships governing the variability of chemical composition of the Eurasian oils has been carried out on the basis of the statistical processing of the data on contents of total sulfur, resins,<br />paraffin wax and asphaltenes in oils. These indices are considered as the principal chemicals of oils chemical composition. The data processed for Eurasian continent was chosen from database on petroleum chemistry, which is create by Institute of Petroleum Chemistry of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences and nowadays includes more than 9,000 entries of oil physical-chemical data on all main world oil-bearing basins. Latitudinal and longitudinal dependencies of the above indices of oils chemical composition were studied by methods of statistical and cluster analyses and means of geographical information system (GIS) ArcView 3.1. The results of these studies are represented on the computer maps. It is shown that properties of oils are statistically inhomogeneous in Eurasia depending on geographic position. In average, contents of total sulfur, resins and asphaltenes in crude oil increase in direction from<br />east to west. But the analysis doesn’t reveal longitudinal dependence of paraffin content, only a latitudinal dependence. In average, paraffin wax content in oils increases in direction from north to south. From the<br />analysis of the results of geozoning of oil-bearing territories using the whole complex of indices, the zones of oils that are homogenous by their properties was revealed. The results obtained may be used to solve the<br />problems of a rational use of hydrocarbon resources, in particular:<br />a) siting the oil-refining and petrochemical enterprises, b) developing the regional nets of a rational transporting of hydrocarbons and petroleum products.

Software including the functions of automated analysis of electric power consumption in pipeline oil transportation

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
R.M. Bogdanov ◽  
S.V. Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Electric Power Consumption ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Relational Data Model ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Oil and petroleum products transportation is characterized by a significant cost of electric power. Correct oil and petroleum products accounting and forecasting requires knowledge of many factors. The software for norms of electric power consumption analysis for the planned period was developed at the Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Based on the principles of the relational data model, a schematic diagram/arrangement for the main oil transportation objects was developed, which allows to hold the initial data and calculated parameters in a structured manner.

scholarly journals A Need for Investment in Nigerian Crude Oil Refining and Infrastructures: A Panacea to Refined Petroleum Shortages and Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucky Itsekor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Product Availability ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

Despite the abundance of occurring natural crude oil resources, Nigeria continually suffers shortages of refined petroleum products, which undermines economic development of the country. The purpose of this multicase study was to explore the strategic role of how investment in petroleum refineries and infrastructures can improve supply and hence mitigate shortages or scarcity of refined petroleum products in the petroleum supply chain and enhance economic development in Nigeria. The research participants comprise of ten senior leaders from two private-sector Nigerian downstream petroleum supply companies located in the Niger Delta region, who had effectively implemented strategies for petroleum supply. The conceptual framework for the study was the resource based view theory. Data were collected through semistructured face-to-face interviews and review of operational and policy documents from the supply or marketing petroleum companies. Data were transcribed, analyzed, and validated through member checking and triangulation. The discoveries indicate the need to establish more refineries, privatize the existing moribund refineries, and build more infrastructures in Nigeria. Findings may be used by petroleum leaders and investors to optimize available crude oil natural resources, and to create investment strategies in the petroleum supply chain, leading to product availability, sustainability, poverty reduction, and economic development in Nigeria.  

scholarly journals Location of fishing points of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L. 1758) for forensic-ichthyological examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Gleb Igorevich Volosnikov
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
Sturgeon Species ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Sterlet Acipenser Ruthenus

The paper describes the details of the investigative actions taken in terms of the struggle against poaching, where the researchers of the Tobolsk Complex Research Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences carry out the forensic ichthyologic examination of illegally caught water bioresources. The researchers often encounter the need to investigate or confirm the alleged place of catching fish species submitted for examination. There have been considered the possibilities to determine the habitat of the caught sturgeon species, in particular sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L. 1758) using direct comparative analysis and statistical processing of meristic characters of the alleged populations, because there is evidence of existing broodstocks of this species, linked to the specific water areas. The analysis was carried out using 357 specimens of sterlet caught in 4 different areas of the Lower Irtysh. Absence of significant differences in the means of meristic characters in the species of the studied groups can be explained by insufficiently representative sampling, which is frequent in forensic ichthyologic examinations. Nevertheless, according to a number of characteristics, one can speak of a certain heterogeneity of the samples, which indicates the presence of features in the distribution of individuals in the population. Additional statistical data processing by means of Kolmogorov–Smirnov non-parametric two-sample criterion demonstrates a reliable interpopulation difference in meristic characters including the case of scanty sampling. Expanding the study in terms of increasing the number of samples and pairs for comparison, as well as feasibility of analyzing the meristic characters in a longer time interval is being considered.

scholarly journals Revealing the effect of catalyst concentration on the process of fuel oil refining using the technology of aerosol nano catalysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6 (109)) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Serhii Leonenko ◽  
Sergey Kudryavtsev ◽  
Irene Glikina ◽  
Vadym Tarasov ◽  
Olena Zolotarova
Keyword(s):  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Light Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Catalytic Processing ◽  
Diesel Fractions

The primary oil processing product is a mixture of different hydrocarbons. One of the hard-to-process petroleum products is fuel oil. This paper considers a method to derive clear (light) fractions of petroleum products by the catalytic processing of fuel oil on a zeolite-containing catalyst at 1 atm under the technological conditions of aerosol nanocatalysis. The prospect of the catalytic processing of a viscous residue ‒ fuel oil ‒ has been analyzed and estimated. The process is carried out by dispersing the catalytically active component in a vibratory-fluidized layer. Chemical transformation occurs during the constant mechanochemical activation of catalyst particles by forming an aerosol cloud in the reactive volume. Natural zeolite catalyst of the type Y was selected for research. Methods for separating the gasoline and diesel fractions of light hydrocarbons and for analyzing the gas phase have been given. The effect of the concentration of zeolite catalyst aerosol on the composition of cracking products (the yield of the gasoline and diesel fractions of light hydrocarbons) has been studied. It is noted that the rate of the course of fuel oil processing in the aerosol of the catalyst is 1.5‒2 times higher than that in thermal processing. It has been found that in fuel oil processing based on the aerosol nanocatalysis technology, the concentration of the catalyst can be controlled to produce the final product. The study results have shown that the optimal conditions for processing fuel oil in the aerosol of the catalyst should be considered 773 K, a frequency of 5 Hz, a pressure of 1 atm. At the same time, a concentration of the catalyst of 1‒5 g/m3 should be considered optimal for the output of a light fraction of hydrocarbons. In this case, the yield is up to 80 % of the fraction in the laboratory. It was found out that during the processing of fuel oil, the concentration of the catalyst makes it possible to optimize the output of light oil products under the technological conditions of aerosol nanocatalysis

scholarly journals Report of the Committee on Meteorites

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
A. A. Javnel’
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Space Science ◽  
Publishing Company ◽  
Reidel Publishing Company ◽  
Monographs And Collections ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Several monographs and collections of papers were published in Meteoritics during 1967 to 1969 (Chirvinskij, 1967; Vdovykin, 1967; Wood, 1968; Cikulin, 1969; Anders et al, 1967; Stanjukovič, 1968). Extensive work on meteorites is continuing in the Meteorite Committee of the Academy of Sciences of U.S.S.R. Fesenkov and Krinov continued publishing the journal Meteoritika, where most of the papers of scientists of the U.S.S.R. are published. Hoffleit continued publishing Meteoritics of the Meteorite Society. Javnel’ continued editing a bibliography on meteorites. A bibliography on the isotopic and chemical composition of meteorites was published by Kielbasinski and Wanat. The UNESCO working group on meteorites under the chairmanship of Orcel edited the Directory of Meteorite Collections and Meteorite Research in 1968.The Meteorite Committee of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. organized its 13th meteorite conference in 1968. The Meteorite Society had its 30th to 32nd annual meetings during 1967 to 1969. The International Atomic Agency in cooperation with UNESCO and five other international scientific unions and organizations including the IAU represented by Millman, prepared a Symposium on Meteorite Research in Vienna, Austria, 7-13 August, 1968, initiated by the UNESCO Working Group on Meteorites. More than 70 papers were presented at this Symposium, showing the interests of various sciences in meteorites. The Symposium volume appeared very soon after the sessions were closed in the series Astrophysics and Space Science Library, published by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland, under the title Meteorite Research edited by P. M. Millman (1969, 940 pages).

Centenary of the Birth of V.A. Obruchev, Soviet Geologist, Geographer, Traveller, and Pioneer in Permafrost Research

ARCTIC ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
V.V. Tikhomirov ◽  
N.A. Voskresenskaya ◽  
K. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mining Institute ◽  
Active Member ◽  
Ice Ages ◽  
Natural Scientist ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Vladimir Afanas'evich Obruchev, who was born on October 10, 1863 in the village of Klepenino in the upper Volga region, was an outstanding natural scientist, who made great contributions to the exploration of Asia. His father was in the military service and often transferred with his family from one province to another. For some time they lived in Lithuania where Obruchev completed his high school education in Vilnius in 1881 and then passed the entrance examinations of both the Mining and the Technological institutes in Petersburg. He chose the Mining Institute and completed his studies there in 1886. ... For his great achievements the Academy of Sciences of the USSR named Obruchev a corresponding member of the Academy in 1921, and an active member in 1929. From this time on he was working in the Academy of Sciences and for 3 years, beginning in 1929, he was director of the Geological Institute. During World War II he was Academician-secretary of the Department of Geological and Geographical Sciences and as such led the scientific research of all academic institutes in this field. Obruchev was among the first to advocate the organization of a special committee for the study of permafrost. He was president of this committee from 1930 to 1939. In this year he became director of the Permafrost Institute, which now bears his name, and held that position for the rest of his life. ... He was also deeply involved in the exploration of northern regions. While analysing the geology of the greater part of Asia north of the Arctic Circle he concluded that during Quaternary times two glacial periods had occurred there, and that a thick ice sheet had covered not only the arctic zone but had extended south to 60&deg;N. He established that at the beginning of the Quaternary dry land occupied the present Kara Sea area and that glaciers extended from there to the south between the Urals and the Taymyr Peninsula, which were also covered by a continental ice sheet at that time. Obruchev thought that the present Greenland ice cap and other glaciers of the North American islands, the glaciers of Spitsbergen, Zemlya Frantsa Iosifa, Novaya Zemlya, and Severnaya Zemlya are the remnants of ice caps and glaciers of the Ice Ages. Further evidence for the glaciations is the existence of fossil ice, which Obruchev discussed in detail in several of his works. His research concerning the Ice Ages helped to establish the southern limits of glaciation and the present distribution of permafrost. The very large amount of geological and geographical information collected by Obruchev in northern Asia has very great value in permafrost research, especially in the preparation of long-term climatic predictions and in the determination of the degree of climatic amelioration in the Arctic. He did not isolate permafrost from other natural phenomena but studied it in relation to the geology of the region. ... Obruchev died on June 19, 1956 and was buried in the Novodevich' cemetery in Moscow.

scholarly journals Total Sulfur Levels in Refined Petroleum Products of Southwestern Nigeria Using UV/VIS Spectrophotometer

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
O. S. Olatunji ◽  
L. A. Jimoda ◽  
B. S. Fakinle ◽  
J. A. Adeniran ◽  
J. A. Sonibare
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Sulfur ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria

scholarly journals Economic aspects of the development of the world markets of petroleum products since the middle of the XX century

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Marina Shamsutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Capacity

The study of the development of the world markets of petroleum products in the period from 1950 to 2021 allows us to conclude that up to 2014 there was a steady increase in the total capacity of the world oil industry . The increase in capacity occurred against the background of a quantitative decrease in oil refineries and an increase in their production capacity. The decrease in the number of small oil refining units was accompanied by an increase in the average capacity in the oil industry.

scholarly journals Many-year Dynamics and Current Trends of the Pavlovsk Reservoir Area Water Chemical Composition Changes

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Chemical Index ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Water ◽  
Chemical Studies

At present, changes have occurred in the basin and water area of the Pavlovsky reservoir, affecting the chemical composition of the reservoir water. The combination of many factors (series of low-water years, termination of milk alloy, increase of recreational load, change of the share of diffuse contamination, etc.) do not allow to predict the modern trend of transformation of chemical composition of water. Considering that no gydro/chemical studies of Pavlovsky reservoir have been carried out in recent decades, studies of modern processes of transformation of chemical composition of this reservoir are relevant. For this purpose BashNIIVKh in 2018-2019 carried out hydro/chemical studies of the reservoir, in two years water samples were taken from the surface and from the bottom, as well as bottom deposits. In 2018 samples were taken according to 30 chemical indicators on 10 struts, and in 2019 – according to 10 chemical indicators on 7 struts. Also, the results of previous studies have been analyzed. Due to the large volume of the obtained material, this work only considered the results of studies of multi-year dynamics and modern trend of change of chemical composition of water (concentration of chemicals) in the water area of the Pavlovsky reservoir for 10 chemical indicators of water on 7 branches. Concentrations of Sr, Mn, petroleum products are shown to decrease along the length of the reservoir in the water; Increasing - Zn, Hg, phenols of organic substances; evenly distributed – Fetotal, Ptotal, Cu. In the many-year dynamics, Fetotal, Mn, petroleum products, phenols (in the inlet), COD show a trend of decrease of chemical indicators in water; Upward trend – Ptotal, Cu, Zn, phenols (in the exit). It has been established that the average annual concentrations of chemical indicators in the water of the Pavlovsky reservoir are related to the average annual inflow. The chemical values of Fe and Mn have a direct link (when the inflow increases, the concentration of the chemical index increases), and Ptotal, Cu, Zn, phenols and COD have a feedback (when the inflow increases, the concentration of the chemical index decreases).

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