scholarly journals A study on polyphenols modulation of starch digestion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijiao Kan
Keyword(s):  
Starch Digestion

Cereal grain digestion by selected strains of ruminal fungi

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
Y. Dong ◽  
L. J. Yanke ◽  
H. D. Bae ◽  
K.-J. Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Starch ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Neocallimastix Patriciarum ◽  
Grain Starch

The ruminal fungi Orpinomyces joyonii strain 19-2, Neocallimastix patriciarum strain 27, and Piromyces communis strain 22 were examined for their ability to digest cereal starch. All strains digested corn starch more readily than barley or wheat starch. Orpinomyces joyonii 19-2 exhibited the greatest propensity to digest starch in wheat and barley, whereas the digestion of these starches by N. patriciarum 27 and P. communis 22 was limited. Media ammonia concentrations were lower when fungal growth was evident, suggesting that all strains assimilate ammonia. Fungi formed extensive rhizoidal systems on the endosperm of corn, but O. joyonii 19-2 was the only strain to form such systems on the endosperm of wheat and barley. All strains penetrated the protein matrix of corn but did not penetrate starch granules. Starch granules from all three cereals were pitted, evidence of extensive digestion by extracellular amylases produced by O. joyonii 19-2. Similar pitting was observed on the surface of corn starch granules digested by N. patriciarum 27 and P. communis 22, but not on wheat and barley starch granules. The ability of ruminal fungi to digest cereal grains depends on both the strain of fungus and the type of grain. The extent to which fungi digest cereal grain in the rumen remains to be determined.Key words: ruminal fungi, cereal grain, starch digestion, ruminant.

Natural ‘capsule’ in food plants: Cell wall porosity controls starch digestion and fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 106657
Author(s):  
Hai-Teng Li ◽  
Si-Qian Chen ◽  
Alexander T. Bui ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Sushil Dhital
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Cell Wall Porosity

Application of a dynamic mechanistic model of small intestinal starch digestion in the dairy cow

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 104-104
Author(s):  
J. A. N. Mills ◽  
E. Kebreab ◽  
L. A. Crompton ◽  
J. Dijkstra ◽  
J. France
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Small Intestinal

The high contribution of postruminal starch digestion (>50%) to total tract starch digestion on certain energy dense diets (Mills et al. 1999) demands that limitations to small intestinal starch digestion are identified. Therefore, a dynamic mechanistic model of the small intestine was constructed and evaluated against published experimental data for abomasal carbohydrate infusions in the dairy cow. The mechanistic structure of the model allowed the current biological knowledge to be integrated into a system capable of identifying restrictions to dietary energy recovery from postruminal starch delivery.

scholarly journals 261 Increasing dietary amylose reduces rate of starch digestion and increases microbial fermentation in weaned pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
F P Y Tan ◽  
L F Wang ◽  
E Beltranena ◽  
R T Zijlstra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Abstract Beneficial effects of SCFA in modulating gut health stimulated interest on dietary strategies to increase intestinal microbial activity and digesta SCFA. Amylose has lower apparent ileal digestibility (AID) than amylopectin. In the large intestine, undigested starch is fermented by microbes producing SCFA. The objective was to determine effects of increasing dietary amylose on starch flow and metabolite profile along the intestinal tract in weaned pigs. Weaned pigs (n=32; initial BW, 8.4 kg) were randomly allocated to 4 diets containing 67% starch with 0, 20, 35, or 70% amylose in a randomized complete block design. On day 21, pigs were euthanized to collect digesta and feces for evaluating starch digestion and metabolite profiles. Apparent hindgut fermentation (AHF) was calculated as apparent total tract digestibility minus AID. Feed intake was 12% lower (P < 0.05) and growth rate was 18% lower (P < 0.05) for pigs fed 70% amylose than pigs fed 0, 20, or 35% amylose. Feed efficiency was greatest (P < 0.05) for pigs fed with 35% amylose. The AID of starch was 44% lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed 70% amylose. Starch was completely digested by the proximal colon in pigs fed 0, 20, or 35% amylose, but AHF of starch was 14% greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed 70% amylose. Increasing dietary amylose did not alter digesta SCFA in the small intestine, but increased (P < 0.05) digesta SCFA in the cecum, specifically acetate and total SCFA, and increased (P < 0.05) propionate and valerate in all sections of the colon. In conclusion, increasing dietary amylose in weaned pigs stimulated hindgut fermentation of starch with a corresponding increase in digesta total SCFA in the cecum and colon. Optimizing dietary amylose may exert its effect as dietary prebiotic while promoting an optimal growth rate in young pigs.

Starch Digestion and Absorption in Nonruminants

1992 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Starch Digestion

scholarly journals Green tea extract decreases starch digestion and absorption from a test meal in humans: a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Lochocka ◽  
Joanna Bajerska ◽  
Aleksandra Glapa ◽  
Ewa Fidler-Witon ◽  
Jan K. Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Green Tea Extract ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Tea Extract

scholarly journals MICROSPECTROPHOTOMETRY OF NEWLY SYNTHESIZED STARCH IN SITU

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
GEORGE E. WHEELER
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Maximum ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Spectral Curves ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Many of the cells in stem sections of several Commelinaceae species synthesized much new starch when incubated in buffered 1% glucose 1-phosphate solution. The starch appeared in the cytoplasm rather than in the plastids. Although the starch I2-KI color was uniform within any one cell, there was considerable variation from cell to cell, even in the same section. The colors with I2-KI ranged from blue, through purples to magenta and mahogany. Tests with α-amylase and with β-amylase showed the starch to be amylose. Microspectrophotometrically determined extinction curves, based on the new starch in situ, varied with the visualized color. As expected, starch which stained blue with I2-KI had an absorption maximum in the orange-red wavelengths above 600 mµ; increasingly red I2-KI colors were characterized by shifts of the absorption maximum further into the shorter wavelengths. The course of new starch digestion by α-amylase and by β-amylase was followed visually and with the microspectrophotometer. Similarities and differences between these spectral curves and those published for in vitro studies are pointed out. The difficulties met with in using the microspectrophotometric method are discussed.

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