scholarly journals Racial Disparities in Birth Outcomes Increase with Maternal Age: Recent Data from North Carolina

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Paul A. Buescher ◽  
Manjoo Mittal
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age

scholarly journals Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Age: Exploring Intersections in Preterm Birth Disparities among Teen Mothers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl L. Coley ◽  
Tracy R. Nichols ◽  
Kelly L. Rulison ◽  
Robert E. Aronson ◽  
Shelly L. Brown-Jeffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
African American ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Teen Mothers ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status

Few studies have examined disparities in adverse birth outcomes and compared contributing socioeconomic factors specifically between African-American and White teen mothers. This study examined intersections between neighborhood socioeconomic status (as defined by census-tract median household income), maternal age, and racial disparities in preterm birth (PTB) outcomes between African-American and White teen mothers in North Carolina. Using a linked dataset with state birth record data and socioeconomic information from the 2010 US Census, disparities in preterm birth outcomes for 16,472 teen mothers were examined through bivariate and multilevel analyses. African-American teens had significantly greater odds of PTB outcomes than White teens (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.21, 1.56). Racial disparities in PTB rates significantly varied by neighborhood income; PTB rates were 2.1 times higher for African-American teens in higher income neighborhoods compared to White teens in similar neighborhoods. Disparities in PTB did not vary significantly between teens younger than age 17 and teens ages 17–19, although the magnitude of racial disparities was larger between younger African-American and White teens. These results justify further investigations using intersectional frameworks to test the effects of racial status, neighborhood socioeconomic factors, and maternal age on birth outcome disparities among infants born to teen mothers.

scholarly journals Hypertension Before Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes: Secondary Analysis of North Carolina Pregnancy Risks Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forgive Avorgbedor ◽  
Susan Silva ◽  
James A Blumenthal ◽  
Seonae Yeo ◽  
Elizabeth Merwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Risks Assessment

Abstract Background: Chronic hypertension complicates birth outcomes. This secondary analysis of data from the North Carolina 2009-2011 Pregnancy Risks Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) examined factors associated with infant outcomes (preterm birth and small for gestational age) among women with hypertension before pregnancy to determine if the maternal age and race/ethnicity moderated the effect of preexisting hypertension on preterm birth and small for gestational age infants.Methods: We performed logistic regression to determine whether hypertension before pregnancy (HTN, n=292; non-HTN controls, n=2625), maternal age and race/ethnicity (Black vs Non-Black) and their interactions with hypertension before pregnancy predicted preterm birth and small for gestational age infants compared to normotensive women. Results: Results indicated that women with hypertension before pregnancy had significantly higher rates of preterm birth (29.8% vs. 21.3%) and small for gestational infants (23.0% vs. 17.9%) compared to non-HTN controls without adjusting for covariates. HTN had an effect on preterm birth that was independent of other maternal risk factors (aOR= 1.31) after adjusting for covariates . Being Black was associated with a greater likelihood of preterm birth (aOR=1.55). Conclusion: Hypertension before pregnancy is more likely to be associated Black race and with adverse birth outcomes. Black women are especially likely to experience poor birth outcomes. Continuous education to encourage all women and especially women of color and women with chronic illness to access preconception care is needed

scholarly journals Mass incarceration and public health: the association between black jail incarceration and adverse birth outcomes among black women in Louisiana

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Dyer ◽  
Rachel Hardeman ◽  
Dovile Vilda ◽  
Katherine Theall ◽  
Maeve Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence is beginning to highlight how mass incarceration shapes inequalities in population health. Non-Hispanic blacks are disproportionately affected by incarceration and criminal law enforcement, an enduring legacy of a racially-biased criminal justice system with broad health implications for black families and communities. Louisiana has consistently maintained one of the highest rates of black incarceration in the nation. Concurrently, large racial disparities in population health persist. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of all births among non-Hispanic black women in Louisiana in 2014 to identify associations between parish-level (county equivalent) prevalence of jail incarceration within the black population and adverse birth outcomes (N = 23,954). We fit a log-Poisson model with generalized estimating equations to approximate the relative risk of preterm birth and low birth weight associated with an interquartile range increase in incarceration, controlling for confounders. In sensitivity analyses, we additionally adjusted for the parish-level index crime prevalence and analyzed regression models wherein white incarceration was used to predict the risk of adverse birth outcomes in order to quantify the degree to which mass incarceration may harm health above and beyond living in a high crime area. Results There was a significant 3% higher risk of preterm birth among black women associated with an interquartile range increase in the parish-level incarceration prevalence of black individuals, independent of other factors. Adjusting for the prevalence of index crimes did not substantively change the results of the models. Conclusion Due to the positive significant associations between the prevalence of black individuals incarcerated in Louisiana jails and estimated risk of preterm birth, mass incarceration may be an underlying cause of the persistent inequities in reproductive health outcomes experienced by black women in Louisiana. Not only are there economic and social impacts stemming from mass incarceration, but there may also be implications for population health and health inequities, including the persistence of racial disparities in preterm birth and low birth weight.

Does increasing access to prenatal care reduce racial disparities in birth outcomes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Holly Thurston ◽  
Bronwyn E. Fields ◽  
Jamie White
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Birth Outcomes

scholarly journals Enrollment and Racial Disparities in Cancer Treatment Clinical Trials in North Carolina

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Zullig ◽  
A. G. Fortune-Britt ◽  
S. Rao ◽  
S. D. Tyree ◽  
P. A. Godley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Racial Disparities

scholarly journals Effect of older maternal age on birth outcomes in twin pregnancies: a population-based study

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lisonkova ◽  
S B Sheps ◽  
P A Janssen ◽  
S K Lee ◽  
L Dahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes Among Primiparae at Very Advanced Maternal Age: At What Price?

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon Ben-David ◽  
Saralee Glasser ◽  
Eyal Schiff ◽  
Aliza Segev Zahav ◽  
Valentina Boyko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth Outcomes ◽  
Very Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth
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