scholarly journals Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Age: Exploring Intersections in Preterm Birth Disparities among Teen Mothers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl L. Coley ◽  
Tracy R. Nichols ◽  
Kelly L. Rulison ◽  
Robert E. Aronson ◽  
Shelly L. Brown-Jeffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
African American ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Teen Mothers ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status

Few studies have examined disparities in adverse birth outcomes and compared contributing socioeconomic factors specifically between African-American and White teen mothers. This study examined intersections between neighborhood socioeconomic status (as defined by census-tract median household income), maternal age, and racial disparities in preterm birth (PTB) outcomes between African-American and White teen mothers in North Carolina. Using a linked dataset with state birth record data and socioeconomic information from the 2010 US Census, disparities in preterm birth outcomes for 16,472 teen mothers were examined through bivariate and multilevel analyses. African-American teens had significantly greater odds of PTB outcomes than White teens (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.21, 1.56). Racial disparities in PTB rates significantly varied by neighborhood income; PTB rates were 2.1 times higher for African-American teens in higher income neighborhoods compared to White teens in similar neighborhoods. Disparities in PTB did not vary significantly between teens younger than age 17 and teens ages 17–19, although the magnitude of racial disparities was larger between younger African-American and White teens. These results justify further investigations using intersectional frameworks to test the effects of racial status, neighborhood socioeconomic factors, and maternal age on birth outcome disparities among infants born to teen mothers.

scholarly journals Mass incarceration and public health: the association between black jail incarceration and adverse birth outcomes among black women in Louisiana

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Dyer ◽  
Rachel Hardeman ◽  
Dovile Vilda ◽  
Katherine Theall ◽  
Maeve Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence is beginning to highlight how mass incarceration shapes inequalities in population health. Non-Hispanic blacks are disproportionately affected by incarceration and criminal law enforcement, an enduring legacy of a racially-biased criminal justice system with broad health implications for black families and communities. Louisiana has consistently maintained one of the highest rates of black incarceration in the nation. Concurrently, large racial disparities in population health persist. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of all births among non-Hispanic black women in Louisiana in 2014 to identify associations between parish-level (county equivalent) prevalence of jail incarceration within the black population and adverse birth outcomes (N = 23,954). We fit a log-Poisson model with generalized estimating equations to approximate the relative risk of preterm birth and low birth weight associated with an interquartile range increase in incarceration, controlling for confounders. In sensitivity analyses, we additionally adjusted for the parish-level index crime prevalence and analyzed regression models wherein white incarceration was used to predict the risk of adverse birth outcomes in order to quantify the degree to which mass incarceration may harm health above and beyond living in a high crime area. Results There was a significant 3% higher risk of preterm birth among black women associated with an interquartile range increase in the parish-level incarceration prevalence of black individuals, independent of other factors. Adjusting for the prevalence of index crimes did not substantively change the results of the models. Conclusion Due to the positive significant associations between the prevalence of black individuals incarcerated in Louisiana jails and estimated risk of preterm birth, mass incarceration may be an underlying cause of the persistent inequities in reproductive health outcomes experienced by black women in Louisiana. Not only are there economic and social impacts stemming from mass incarceration, but there may also be implications for population health and health inequities, including the persistence of racial disparities in preterm birth and low birth weight.

Racial Disparities in the Risk for Preterm Birth as a Function of Maternal Age [25C]

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 36S
Author(s):  
Moti Gulersen ◽  
Amos Grunebaum ◽  
Eran Bornstein ◽  
Frank Chervenak
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Maternal Age

Population Changes, Racial/Ethnic Disparities, and Birth Outcomes in Louisiana After Hurricane Katrina

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. S39-S45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily W. Harville ◽  
Tri Tran ◽  
Xu Xiong ◽  
Pierre Buekens
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
The State ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Inadequate Prenatal Care

ABSTRACTObjective: To examine how the demographic and other population changes affected birth and obstetric outcomes in Louisiana, and the effect of the hurricane on racial disparities in these outcomes.Methods: Vital statistics data were used to compare the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 g), preterm birth (PTB) (37 weeks' gestation), cesarean section, and inadequate prenatal care (as measured by the Kotelchuck index), in the 2 years after Katrina compared to the 2 years before, for the state as a whole, region 1 (the area around New Orleans), and Orleans Parish (New Orleans). Logistic models were used to adjust for covariates.Results: After adjustment, rates of LBW rose for the state, but preterm birth did not. In region 1 and Orleans Parish, rates of LBW and PTB remained constant or fell. These patterns were all strongest in African American women. Rates of cesarean section and inadequate prenatal care rose. Racial disparities in birth outcomes remained constant or were reduced.Conclusions: Although risk of LBW/PTB remained higher in African Americans, the storm does not appear to have exacerbated health disparities, nor did population shifts explain the changes in birth and obstetric outcomes.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:S39-S45)

scholarly journals The Influence of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Walkability on TV Viewing Time

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1074-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia F. Coogan ◽  
Laura F. White ◽  
Stephen R. Evans ◽  
Julie R. Palmer ◽  
Lynn Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
American Women ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Neighborhood Ses

Background:Influences on TV viewing time, which is associated with adverse health outcomes such as obesity and diabetes, need clarification. We assessed the relation of neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and walkability with TV viewing time in the Black Women’s Health Study, a prospective study of African American women.Methods:We created neighborhood SES and walkability scores using data from the U.S. census and other sources. We estimated odds ratios for TV viewing 5+ hours/day compared with 0–1 hours/day for quintiles of neighborhood SES and walkability scores.Results:Neighborhood SES was inversely associated with TV viewing time. The odds ratio for watching 5+ hours/day in the highest compared with the lowest quintile of neighborhood SES was 0.66 (95% CI 0.54–0.81). Neighborhood walkability was not associated with TV viewing time.Conclusions:Neighborhood SES should be considered in devising strategies to combat the high levels of sedentariness prevalent in African American women.

scholarly journals Mediterranean-Style Diet and Birth Outcomes in an Urban, Multiethnic, and Low-Income US Population

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Dong Keun Rhee ◽  
Yuelong Ji ◽  
Xiumei Hong ◽  
Colleen Pearson ◽  
Xiaobin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

Findings on the role of Mediterranean-style diet (MSD) on duration of pregnancy and birth weight have been inconsistent and based largely on Non-Hispanic white populations, making it unclear as to whether they could extend to African Americans who are at a higher risk of unfavorable birth outcomes. Our study addresses this gap using a large urban, multiethnic, predominantly low-income cohort of mother-infant dyads from Boston, MA, USA. Dietary information was obtained via food frequency questionnaires; health information including birth outcomes were extracted from medical records. A Mediterranean-style diet score (MSDS) was formulated based on intake history, and linear and log-binomial regressions were performed to assess its association with birth outcomes. After adjustment, the lowest MSDS quintile from the overall sample was found to be associated with an increased relative risk (RR) of overall preterm birth (RR 1.18; 95% CI: 1.06–1.31), spontaneous preterm birth (1.28; 1.11–1.49), late preterm birth (1.21; 1.05–1.39), and low birth weight (1.11; 1.01–1.22), compared to the highest quintile. The findings were similar for the African American sample. Our study adds to the current understanding of the diet’s influence on birth outcomes by demonstrating that adherence to MSD may improve birth outcomes for African American women.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Tax Foreclosures, Educational Attainment, and Preterm Birth among Urban African American Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawnita Sealy-Jefferson ◽  
Dawn Misra
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
American Women

Ecological evidence suggests that neighborhoods with more tax foreclosures also have more adverse birth outcomes. However, whether neighborhood-level tax foreclosures impact individual-level risk for adverse birth outcomes is unknown. We assessed whether living in a neighborhood with high tax foreclosures is associated with a woman’s preterm birth (PTB) risk and tested for effect modification by educational attainment, among urban African American women from the Life Influence on Fetal Environments Study (2009–2011; n = 686). We linked survey and medical record data to archival, block-group level tax foreclosure data from the county treasurer. We used Modified Poisson regression with robust error variance and included a foreclosure X education interaction in adjusted models. In the overall sample, neighborhood tax foreclosures did not predict PTB (adjusted relative risk: 0.93, CI: 0.74, 1.16), but the association was modified by educational attainment (interaction p = 0.01). Among women with lower education (n = 227), neighborhood tax foreclosures did not predict PTB risk. The association for women with higher education (n = 401) was statistically significant for a reduction in risk for PTB (adjusted relative risk: 0.74, CI: 0.55, 0.98) among those who lived in neighborhoods with high versus low tax foreclosures. Future studies should seek to identify the mechanisms of this association.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document